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Diagnostika bolezni obščitnic = Diagnosis of parathyroid disorders
Gantar-Rott, Uršula
Diseases of parathyroid glands are characterised by inappropriate secretion ofparathyroid hormone. Hypercalcemia due to excessive autonomous parathyroid hormone secretion is the hallmark of primary ...hyperparathyroidism. Incidence ofprimary hyperparathyroidism is 28/100000 per year, with the peak in 6thdecade. Women are more frequently affected. The majority of cases are sporadic but 10% present hereditary forms. Parathyroid gland adenoma is found in 80% of cases. Classical clinical picture of primary hyperparathyroidism with affected bones is nowadays rarely encountered. Nephrolithiasis is found in 30% of patients. Hypercalcemia and elevated serum concentration of parathyroid hormone are characteristic of primary hyperparathyroidism. The pathologic process can be localised by ultrasound and dual-phase substraction scintigraphy of parathyroid glands with Tc-sestamibi. Differential diagnosis includes other causes of hypercalcaemia: malignomas, granulomatoses, diseases of other endocrine glands, and drugs. Therapy is surgical resection of involved glands.
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