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  • Sets and networks: two research approaches
    Makarovič, Jan
    Any phenomenon may be described either as set or as network. Set refers to description of elements of a given whole, while network refers to their connections. If every element in a set is equal to ... any other, we have to do with a full set. If no element in a set is equal to any other, we have to do with an empty set. Likewise, if every element in a network is connected with all others we have to do with a full network; if none of them is connected with any other, we have to do with an empty network. Durkheim's theory of social evolution is a classical instance of investigation into the correlations between set and network aspect of reality, although Durkheim himself was not aware of it. According to him, social solidarity (a special kind of social network) may be dependent either on similarity (full set) or upon differences (empty set) between people. In the first case, we have to do with mechanical solidarity, in the second wjth organic one. Similar considerations may be met in Spencer, Marx, and others. The explicit use of the logic of sets and the logic of networks may clarify them and prevent logical misunderstandings that are rather frequent in sociological theory.
    Type of material - conference contribution
    Publish date - 1995
    Language - english
    COBISS.SI-ID - 16068957