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  • Inflammatory biomarkers in heart failure revisited : much more than innocent bystanders
    Von Haehling, Stephan ...
    Chronic heart failure is viewed as a state of chronic inflammation. Many inflammatory markers have been shown to be up-regulated in patients who have this condition, but the markers' roles in ... clinical decision making have not yet been fully elucidated. A panel of biomarkers is likely to have a strong impact on patient management. Inflammatory biomarkers are interesting candidates that could answer specific clinical questions on their own or complement a multi-marker approach. This article provides a broad overview of several inflammatory biomarkers, including the pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1, IL-18, and the soluble receptors TNFR-1, TNFR-2, IL-6R, and gp130. In addition to these acute phase reactants, several adhesion molecules, and lipopolysaccharide-signaling pathways are discussed.
    Source: Heart failure clinics. - ISSN 1551-7136 (Letn. 5, št. 4, 2009, str. 549-560)
    Type of material - e-article
    Publish date - 2009
    Language - english
    COBISS.SI-ID - 25781721

source: Heart failure clinics. - ISSN 1551-7136 (Letn. 5, št. 4, 2009, str. 549-560)
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