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Starvation - an important factor controlling scyphozoan population?
Kogovšek, Tjaša, 1978- ...
The emergence and survival of the early pelagic stage of scyphozoan jellyfish are critical in determining the size of the following medusa population. Therefore, we have tested the effects of ...starvation on survival of newly released Chrysaora pacifica ephyrae. Newly released ephyrae have remarkable starvation resistance as was manifested in median longevity of 153, >287 and 243 days at 15, 12 and 9°C, respectively. During starvation, ephyrae gradually decreased in size, the reduction being significantly greater at higher temperatures. The respiration rate of starved ephyrae (at 15°C) decreased sharply within the first 3 weeks, then slowly stabilized at 0.1 micro L O2 ind-1 d-1 after 4 months of starvation, which might represent the subsistent metabolic rate. When incubated in 0.1 M glycine-sea solution, starved ephyrae (86 days at 15°C) were capable of assimilating and metabolizing DOC; however, at ambient DOC concentrations, the DOC uptake might only prolong the survival but did not fulfil the requirement for growth and development, as starved ephyrae were gradually shrinking. Despite the reduction in body size, food deprivation for several months (160 days at 15°C) did not cause irreparable damage, so that after resumption of feeding all the ephyrae recovered and showed positive growth and development. In this regard, both decrease of metabolism to the subsistent level and utilization of DOC may enhance survival probability of ephyrae under nutritionally-limited conditions. In conclusion, our experimental observations indicate that starvation may not be a primal factor controlling the C. pacifica medusa population size.
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