Stress may influence the immune response and modulate the progression of periodontal disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether restraint stress promotes periodontal tissue destruction in ...rats. Experimental periodontitis was unduced in 16 female Wistar rats by placing silk ligatures around the second maxillary molars. Half of the the rats exposed to restraint stress for 12 h/day for 28 days (group E); the other eight rats served as the control group (group C). Histometrical analysis was performed on the mesial and distal interdental regions of the experimental and control teeth using 5 mm sections stained with HE. The measured parameters included epithelial attachment loss (EAL), the distance between the cemento-enamel junction and the alveolar bone crest (DAB), and the surface of the connective tissue infiltrated with inflammatory cells (SII). The stressed animals had significantly increased EAL (E = 0.23 +- 0.10 mm, C = 0.15 +- 0.05 mm; Student's t, p < 0.05) and DAB (E = 0.68 +- 0.10 mm, C = 0.58 +- 0.10 mm; Student's t, p < 0.05), and similar Sll (E = 0.04 +- 0.02 mm2, C = 0.04 +- 0.02 mm2), compared with controls. Pearson's correlation coefficient was statistically significant (r = 0.51, p < 0.05) after stress exposure. We conclude that restraint stress accelerates epithelial attachment loss and boneresorption in ligature-induced periodontitis in rats. This is probably dueto increased secretion of cytokines from inflammatory cells in the periodontium, which promote alveolar bone resorption during stress.
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