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Razvoj aritmetičnih sposobnostiLevstek, Tatjana ; Bregant, Tina, 1975- ; Podlesek, AnjaAritmetika je veja matematike, ki se ukvarja s števili. Ime izhaja iz grške besede "arithmos", ki pomeni število. Poznavanje števil je nujno za razumevanje matematike, zato je razvoj aritmetičnih ... sposobnosti področje dolgoletnega znanstvenega raziskovanja. Novejše raziskave so pokazale, da razvoj aritmetičnih sposobnostih ne temelji zgolj na pridobivanju izkušenj in učenju, temveč so nam nekatere aritmetične sposobnosti, predvsem občutek za količino, vrojene. Že dojenčki so sposobni razlikovati množici z različnimi elementi, številčnost pa dojemajo amodalno. Pri šestih mesecih ločijo množici, katerih število elementov je v razmerju 1 : 2, s starostjo pa se to razmerje hitro izboljšuje. Petletni otroci že ločijo skupini, katerih število elementov je v razmerju 7 : 8. Sposobnost primerjanja dveh količin se začne razvijati šele po 15. mesecu starosti, preštevanja pa se otroci naučijo spontano, z učenjem jezika. Govor otroku omogoči, da števila dobijo abstrakten, simbolni pomen, s tem pa se odpre pot k simbolni aritmetiki. Otroci v predšolskem obdobju računajo po intuiciji, v šoli pa aritmetika temelji na učenju postopkov za reševanje problemov. Pri šolskem usvajanju matematičnih znanj prevzame glavno nalogo spomin in avtomatizacija procesov, pri čemer intuicijo zapostavimo. Vendar so raziskave pokazale, da je intuicija zelo pomembna in je celo napovedni dejavnik razvoja matematičnih kompetenc preko celotnega šolanja.Type of material - offprint ; adult, seriousPublication and manufacture - Ljubljana : Društvo psihologov Slovenije, 2013Language - slovenianCOBISS.SI-ID - 55130978
Author
Levstek, Tatjana |
Bregant, Tina, 1975- |
Podlesek, Anja
Topics
števila |
matematika |
matematične sposobnosti |
aritmetika |
razvoj otroka |
separati |
numbers |
mathematics |
mathematical abilities |
arithmetics |
childhood development |
offprints
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DRS, in which the journal is indexed
Database name | Field | Year |
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Links to authors' personal bibliographies | Links to information on researchers in the SICRIS system |
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Levstek, Tatjana | ![]() |
Bregant, Tina, 1975- | 24470 |
Podlesek, Anja | 18919 |
Source: Personal bibliographies
and: SICRIS
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