Thermal energy storage combined with a molten salt reactor [Elektronski vir]
Fackovič Volčanjk, Pia ; Senegačnik, Andrej
Electricity plays a crucial role in contemporary society and is becoming even more vital with the expansion of electrification. This is causing a worldwide surge in demand for power, the production ...of which has to be decarbonized to approach the goal of zero greenhouse gas emissions. This can be achieved by increasing the share of low carbon energy sources, particularly renewables and nuclear energy. As the share of variable renewable energy systems, such as solar and wind, continues to rise, the need for power plants, which can adjust their load to match changes in electricity demand and variable supply from renewables, also increases. Nuclear power plants contribute to maintaining electricity security and power grid stability. They can adjust their operations to a certain extent in response to changes in demand and supply, however they are primarily utilized as base load sources due to their low operational cost. The combination of advanced nuclear reactors and thermal energy storage presents a promising solution for achieving greater flexibility of nuclear power plants, which would allow better alignment with fluctuating demands and supply shifts. Molten salt nuclear reactors are an advanced form of nuclear power technology. They can operate at high temperatures and low pressure, conditions which result is an increased power plant efficiency and a lower risk of fatal release of volatile radioactive materials. Moreover, the high operating temperature of these reactors makes it capable for integration of high temperature thermal energy storage. This article describes a concept for thermal energy storage using molten salt combined with a conceptual molten salt nuclear reactor that has a thermal power of 750 MW. With this system the nuclear reactor can operate at full power even at times of low power demand and store the surplus heat into the tanks with molten salt for the later use during peak power demand periods. Accumulated heat is used for steam production and extra power in range of 240-600 MW depending on grid demand.
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