Aim of study: In this research, the surface of Fagus orientalis (beechwood) was chosen as a substrate due to its widely used strong biostructure in the wood industry. It was functionalized with ZnO, ...TiO2, and FAS-17 nanoparticles to enhance its service life.
Material and methods: FAS-17 (Trimethoxysilane) and ammonium hexafluorotitanate were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, and zinc borate from Etimine S.A. Methanol, ethyl alcohol, hydrochloric acid, sodium hydroxide, and zinc oxide were provided by TEKKIM. Characterization methods included FTIR, TG/DTA, XRD, SEM, and EDX. Hydrophobicity was determined by water contact angle using KSV Cam101. UV-Vis analysis used a Shimadzu UV-160 spectrophotometer, surface roughness was measured with a Marsurf M 300 device (ISO 4287), and color analysis was performed with a Datacolor Elrepho 450 X spectrometer (ASTM 2021).
Main results: The thermal stability of wood was significantly improved through the hydrothermal deposition of ZnO/TiO2 nanoparticles. Additionally, hydrophobization was achieved using Triethoxy-1H,1H,1H,2H,2H,2H-perfluorodecylsilane (C14H19F13O3Si), referred to as FAS-17.
Research highlights: The study demonstrated that the introduction of ZnO/TiO2 nanoparticles improved the thermal stability of wood. Furthermore, the use of FAS-17 resulted in effective hydrophobization. The thermal stability of wood was improved with ZnO/TiO2 nanoparticles. In addition, hydrophobization was supplied by FAS-17.
Çalışmanın amacı: Bu araştırmada, kayın ağacının (Fagus Orientalis) yüzeyi, ahşap endüstrisi tarafından yaygın olarak kullanılan güçlü biyoyapısı nedeniyle bir substrat olarak seçilmiştir. Hizmet ömrünü artırmak amacıyla, ZnO, TiO2 ve FAS-17 nanopartiküller ile fonksiyonelleştirilmiştir.
Materyal ve yöntem: FAS-17 (Trimetoksisilan) ve amonyum hekzaflorotitanat Sigma-Aldrich'ten ve çinko borat Etimine S.A.'dan satın alınmıştır. Metanol, etil alkol, hidroklorik asit, sodyum hidroksit ve çinko oksit TEKKİM tarafından sağlanmıştır. Karakterizasyon yöntemleri arasında FTIR, TG/DTA, XRD, SEM ve EDX yer almıştır. Hidrofobiklik KSV Cam101 kullanılarak su temas açısı ile belirlenmiştir. UV-Vis analizinde Shimadzu UV-160 spektrofotometresi kullanılmış, yüzey pürüzlülüğü Marsurf M 300 cihazı (ISO 4287) ile ölçülmüş ve renk analizi Datacolor Elrepho 450 X spektrometresi (ASTM 2021) ile gerçekleştirilmiştir.
Temel sonuçlar: Ahşabın termal stabilitesi, ZnO/TiO2 nanopartiküllerin hidrotermal olarak yerleştirilmesiyle önemli ölçüde iyileştirilmiştir. Ayrıca, FAS-17 olarak adlandırılan Triethoxy-1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodesilsilan (C14H19F13O3Si) kullanılarak etkili bir hidrofobizasyon sağlanmıştır.
Araştırma vurguları: ZnO tabanlı nano biyomimetik akıllı yüzeyin sentezi, ahşap malzemeye hidrofobik bir özellik kazandırmıştır. Lignoselülozik yüzeyin bu yeni fonksiyonel özelliği, hijyenin önemli olduğu her türlü alanda tercih edilmesini sağlayabilir.
Aim of study: In this study, it is aimed to make the wood material hydrophobic and magnetic by creating a smart biomimetic artificial form for lignocellulosic surfaces.
Material and methods: Ferrous ...sulfate heptahydrate (FeSO4·7H2O), Manganese (II) chloride (MnCl2.4H2O), Ethyl alcohol (EtOH), Sodium hydroxide (NaOH), and Potassium nitrate (KNO3) having implemented on the wood to the synthesis of the intelligent biomimetic surface. Hydrophobisation had supplied by Octadecyltrichlorosilane (OTS, 95%). Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Energy dispersive x-ray (EDX) having used for the characterization step. Water contact angle (WCA) had used for hydrophobicity. Finally, the UV-Vis spectrometer device had used to determine the magnetic properties.
Main results: According to the characterizations, the smart biomimetic artificial form having been synthesized on a wood surface successfully. The water contact angle of the new surface having determined as θγ 125 °. It showed absorption properties in the wavelength range of 200-800 nm.
Highlights: As a smart biomimetic artificial design has produced as a result of this study improves the resistance of wood to water and sunshine, this could be significantly diminished maintenance costs in many fields from living areas to the maritime industry.
Çalışmanın amacı: Bu çalışmada, lignoselülozik yüzeyler için akıllı biyomimetik yapay form oluşturup ahşap malzemenin hidrofobik ve manyetik özellik kazanması amaçlanmıştır.
Materyal ve yöntem: Akıllı biyomimetik yapay yüzeyin oluşturulması için Demirli sülfat heptahidrat (FeSO4·7H2O), Manganez (II) klorür (MnCl2.4H2O), Etil alkol (EtOH), Sodyum hidroksit (NaOH) ve Potasyum nitrat (KNO3) kullanılarak masif yüzeye hidrotermal olarak uygulanmıştır. Hidrofobizasyon Oktadesiltriklorosilan (OTS, %95) kullanılarak sağlanmıştır. Modifikasyon çalışmalarını karakterize etmek için Fourier dönüşümü kızılötesi spektroskopisi (FTIR), X-ışını kırınımı (XRD), Taramalı elektron Mikroskopisi (SEM) ve Enerji dağıtıcı x-ışını (EDX) analizleri yapılmıştır. Hidrofobiklik özelliğinin belirlenmesi için su temas açısı (WCA) ve son olarak manyetik özelliklerini belirlemek için UV-Vis spektrometre cihazı kullanılmıştır.
Temel sonuçlar: Yapılan karakterizasyon çalışmaları ahşap yüzeyde akıllı biyomimetik yapay form başarılı bir şekilde oluşturulduğunu göstermektedir. Yeni yüzeyin su temas açısı θγ 125° olarak belirlenmiştir. 200-800 nm dalga boyu aralığında absorbsiyon özellik göstermiştir.
Araştırma vurguları: Bu çalışma sonucunda üretilen akıllı biyomimetik yapay form ahşabın suya ve güneş ışığına olan dayanımını artırdığı için yaşam alanlarından denizcilik sektörüne kadar birçok alandaki bakım maliyetlerini önemli ölçüde azaltabilir.
Anahtar Kelimeler:
In this study, it is aimed to increase the water and sunlight resistance, which are the weakest aspects of wood materials, which are widely and reliably used in all sectors, especially furniture. ...Nano formed on the surface of wood with hydrothermal approach method using ferrous sulfate heptahydrate (FeSO4·7H2O), Nickel (II) chloride hexahydrate (NiCl2.6H2O), Ethyl alcohol (EtOH), Sodium hydroxide (NaOH), and Potassium nitrate (KNO3) structures are aimed at providing anti-UV properties and preventing photodegradation. Energy diffuser x-ray (EDX), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyzes were performed to characterize these functioning studies. In addition, water contact angle (WCA) measurement was used to determine hydrophobization properties and UV-Vis spectrometry was used to determine anti-UV properties. The changes of color and surface parameters after functioning were examined according to ISO 2469 (2014) and ISO 4287 standards, respectively. Anti-UV property is determined in the range where UV wavelength is 200-800 nm.
Aim of study: In this study, a ZnO-based smart artificial nano biomimetic form is created on the wooden surface with the hydrothermal approach to increase the resistance of the wood against moisture ...and water and provide a more hygienic surface.
Material and methods: Zinc borate, Zinc oxide, Sodium hydroxide and Hydrochloric acid were hydrothermally applied to the massive surface to synthesize the ZnO-based nano biomimetic structure on the lignocellulosic surface. The hydrophobization step was achieved using 1H,1H,2H,2H- Perfluorodecyltriethoxysilane. In the characterization step; XRD, EDX, SEM and TGA analyzes were done. WCA analysis was performed to determine the hydrophobicity feature.
Main results: ZnO-based nano biomimetic smart surface form with photo catalyst feature created on the wooden surface has provided a water contact angle of θγ 145°.
Highlights: Synthesized ZnO-based nano biomimetic smart surface form has given the wooden material a hydrophobic structure. Thanks to the new feature gained by functionalizing the lignocellulosic surface, it is predicted to be preferred in all areas where hygiene is desired.
Çalışmanın amacı: Bu çalışmada, hidrotermal yaklaşımla ahşap yüzeyde ZnO esaslı akıllı yapay nano biyomimetik form oluşturularak ahşabın neme ve suya karşı olan direncinin artırarak daha hijyenik bir yüzeye sahip olmasını sağlamaktır.
Materyal ve yöntem: ZnO esaslı nano biyomimetik yapının lignoselülozik yüzeyde sentezlenmesi için Çinko borat, Çinko oksit, Sodyum hidroksit ve Hidroklorik asit masif yüzeye hidrotermal olarak uygulanmıştır. Hidrofobizasyon aşamasında 1H,1H,2H,2H-Perfluorodecyltriethoxysilan kullanılarak sağlanmıştır. In the characterization step; XRD, SEM, EDX and TGA analyzes were performed. WCA analysis was performed to determine the hydrophobicity property.
Temel sonuçlar: Ahşap yüzeyde oluşturulan foto katalizör özellikli ZnO esaslı nano biyomimetik akıllı yüzey formu θγ 145°’lik su temas açısı sağlanmıştır.
Araştırma vurguları: Sentezlenen ZnO esaslı nano biyomimetik akıllı yüzey formu ahşap malzemeye hidrofobik bir yapı kazandırmıştır. Lignoselülozik yüzeyin fonksiyonlandılmasıyla kazandırılan yeni özellik sayesinde hijyen istenen her türlü alanda tercih sebebi olması öngörülmektedir.
The aim of this study is to provide the direct recovery of various biomass wastes to the production of wood based composite materials. Thus, it is aimed to reduce the burden on our forests, which are ...the national resources of the furniture sector. In addition, it is aimed to enrich wood-based composite types with alternatives instead of massive products. For this purpose; 16 different bioplastic specimens were produced using banana peel, glycerin, corn starch, pepper stalk (100 mesh) and pine wood flour (60 mesh). Then, the dissolution of these samples in acidic and basic medium were examined and density values were determined in accordance with ASTM D 792 standards. According to the results obtained; The lowest and highest dissolution values in the acidic medium were 6.7% and 61.9%, respectively, belonging to G14O8 and G7O2 samples. In the basic medium, respectively, G7O8 with 14.3 % and G7B1 sample with 35.7% dissolution value were determined. Among the produced bioplastic composites, G7O8 sample had the highest density of 2.29 g/cm3 and G7B7 and G14B7 samples had the lowest value of 1.03 g/cm3.
Aim of study: The purpose of this study were determined the effect of ammonium polyphosphate (APP) and boric acid (BA) as surface coating materials on combustion resistance of MDF panels.
Area of ...study: To ensure the retardation of combustion properties of wood based panels
Material and Methods: Surface coating mixture consists of calcite, glue, fire retardant (FR) and water. The amount of glue (10%), APP and BA (1%, 3% and 5%) in the mixture was determined by the oven dry weight of calcite. Combustion tests of Medium Density Fiberboard (MDF) test specimens coated with 0.25 mm thickness of this mixture were carried out according to ASTM E 69 standards. Temperature, O2, CO and NO contents of samples were measured with Testo 340 M gas analyzer while weight loss was measured with digital scales. For each test, 20 measurements were recorded at intervals of 30 seconds.
Main results: According to the obtained results, besides calcite coating, the increase of FR addition rate increased the resistance of combustion. It was found that the weight loss of the samples treated with APP 5% was the lowest (66,7%).
Research highlights: The coating of the surfaces of wood-based boards and the addition of FR chemistry and mineral to this coating delays the burning properties.
The use of different mineral material types and contents in medium density fiberboard (MDF) production was investigated. Three different minerals (sepiolite, dolomite, and perlite) and five different ...ratios (3%, 6%, 9%, 12%, and 15%) were used according to the oven-dry wood fiber weight. These minerals were homogeneously added as powder between the wood fibers. Some physical, mechanical, limit oxygen index (LOI), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) tests of the boards were conducted. The mineral fillers negatively affected the physical properties such as water absorption (WA), thickness swelling (ThS), and mechanical properties such as modulus of rupture (MOR), modulus of elasticity (MOE), and internal bond (IB). However, LOI and TGA test results showed a positive effect on combustion resistance depending on the type and rate of mineral fillers.
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of sepiolite mineral used in the production of polypropylene based wood plastic composite (OPK) materials on thermal properties and thermal ...conductivity. The pellets obtained from the mixture of wood flour, polypropylene and sepiolite minerals with double-screw extruder were milled and pressed to produce OPK boards. Thermal properties such as Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) as well as the thermal conductivity properties of the produced boards (ASTM C 1113-09) have been determined. It has been determined that the addition of the sepiolite mineral used as fire retardant in OPK materials increases the thermal and thermal conductivity properties, while the crystallization degree decreases.
Bu çalışmada odun plastik kompozit üretiminde perlit kullanımının yanma dayanımı üzerine etkileri araştırılmıştır. Sarıçam odun unu, polipropilen ve perlit belirli oranlarda kullanılarak odun plastik ...kompozit malzemeler doğrudan pres yöntemi ile üretilmiştir. Üretilen odun plastik kompozitlerin üretiminde karışımın %5, %10, %15 ve %20 oranlarında perlit kullanılmıştır. Üretilen odun plastik kompozit levhalardan ilgili standartlara uygun olarak test numuneleri elde edilmiştir. Yanma dayanım özelliklerinin belirlenmesinde yatay ve dikey yanma hızı ve Limited Oksijen Index testleri yapılmıştır. Yatay yanma hızı ASTM D 635, dikey yanma hızı (UL 94) ve LOI testi ASTM 2863-09 standartlarına uygun olarak yapılmıştır. Sonuçta hem yatay ve dikey yanma hızı hem de LOI ile ilgili verilere göre perlit kullanım oranının artmasına bağlı olarak yanma dayanımını iyileştirdiği belirlenmiştir. Odun plastik malzeme üretiminde yanma dayanımı için en olumlu etki %20 perlit kullanım oranında tespit edilmiştir. MAPP kullanımı ile bu etkinin arttığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
In this study, the effects of perlite use on fire resistance in wood plastic composite production were investigated. Scots pine wood flour, polypropylene and perlite using certain proportions of wood plastic composite materials were produced by flat-presses method. In the production of wood plastic composites, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% perlite was used in the mixture. Test samples were obtained from the produced wood plastic composite boards in accordance with the relevant standards. Horizontal and vertical combustion rate and Limited Oxygen Index tests were performed to determine the fire resistance properties. Horizontal combustion rate (ASTM D 635), vertical combustion rate (UL-94) and LOI test (ASTM 2863-09 standards) were carried out. As a result, according to both the horizontal-vertical combustion rate and LOI data, It has been determined that perlite improves the fire resistance due to the increase in the usage rate. In the production of wood plastic composite, the most positive effect on fire resistance was determined at a 20% perlite usage rate. It was concluded that this effect increased with the use of MAPP.
This study aimed to examine the walnut coating which has a wide range of applications in the living spaces may be exposed to acidic and basic cleaning products that may occur the color and ...morphological changes. The effects of hydrochloric acid (HCl) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solutions prepared at different pH values on the surface roughness and color properties of walnut wood veneer sheets were investigated. The walnut veneer boards were exposed to acidic pH (1.5, 3.0, 5.0) and basic pH (8.0, 11.0 and 13.5) solutions for 10 min. Surface roughness measurements of boards were performed according to ISO 4287, color measurement analyzes according to ISO 2469 standard. According to the obtained results, the values of surface roughness parameters (Ra, Rz and Rmax) of the walnut veneer boards decreased as the pH value was decreased in both acidic and basic media. In color measurements, it was determined that the degree of yellowness increases as the pH value decreases in acidic and basic medium. While the whiteness and brightness levels were not affected in the acidic medium, it was found that the whiteness and brightness were increased in the basic medium as the pH value increased.
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