Gender dysphoria refers to a feeling of awkwardness or discomfort in an anatomically compatible gender role and a desire to have a body of the opposite sex, as well as the negative emotion associated ...with marked incompatibility between the sex they have and their experienced or expressed gender. It is known that sex reassignment surgeries cause critical changes in the lives of individuals with gender dysphoria. For this reason, it is thought that it is important to follow up individuals before and after surgery. In this systematic review study, it is aimed to examine the effect of sex reassignment surgery for individuals with gender dysphoria on body and sexual satisfaction and quality of life. The framework of the research question was created on the basis of PICOS steps. PubMed, PsycARTICLES and ULAKBİM databases were used in the literature review. The review is based on studies that measure body and sexual satisfaction and quality of life before and after sex reassignment surgery. The study was created using the preferred reporting elements for the PRISMA Statement checklist. The publication year range of the articles evaluated within the framework of inclusion and exclusion criteria among the total articles reached is 2014-2022. The studies were examined in two separate groups: studies on body and sexual satisfaction and studies on quality of life. After examining the articles, it was concluded that sex reassignment surgery increases the body and sexual satisfaction of individuals as well as enhancing the quality of life.
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The objective of this study is to examine the relationship between nausea and vomiting during pregnancy (NVP) and attachment styles in close relationships, marital adjustment, and ways of coping with ...stress. This study was performed in 2019 as an analytic case-control design. The study group consists of 60 pregnant women hospitalized with a nausea-vomiting/hyperemesis gravidarum diagnosis. The control group is composed of 64 pregnant women who applied for gynecology polyclinic for routine control. The participants were applied Pregnancy-Information Form, Experiences in Close Relationships Scale-Revised (ECR-R), Marital Adjustment Test (MAT), and Coping Styles Inventory (CSI). It was observed that the scores of the pregnant women in the study group from the helpless approach subscale of CSI were significantly higher than the control group and no significant difference was found between the two groups in terms of other scale scores. A negative correlation was found between the perceived severity of nausea and the seeking social support subscale of CSI in the study group. The study revealed findings that support the biopsychosocial approach to the etiology of NVP and showed that the women with NVP use a helpless approach in coping with stress and apply seeking social support as the severity of nausea decreases.
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BFBNIB, DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
There is a scarcity of research on suicidal phenomena in the Muslim world. Therefore, this study aimed at investigating the self-reported prevalence of suicidal thoughts, attempts and motives in 12 ...Muslim countries. A total of 8417 (54.4% women) university students were surveyed by means of a self-report questionnaire. Overall, 22% of the participants reported suicidal ideation and 8.6% reported attempting suicide. The odds of suicidal thoughts were elevated in Azerbaijan, Indonesia and Saudi Arabia, while reduced ORs were recorded in Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon and Malaysia. While odds of suicide attempts were high in Azerbaijan, Palestine and Saudi Arabia reduced odds ratios (OR) were detected in Indonesia, Iran, Jordan, Lebanon, Malaysia and Tunisia. Taking drugs and using a sharp instrument were the two most frequently used methods to attempt suicide. Only 32.7% of attempts required medical attention. Escape motives were endorsed more than social motives by participants who attempted suicide. Suicidal behaviors were more frequent in women than in men. Compered to men, fewer attempts by women required medical attention. Moreover, our results show that making suicide illegal does not reduce the frequency of suicidal behavior. Results from this comparative study show that suicidal thoughts and attempts are frequent events in young adults in countries where religious scripture explicitly prohibit suicide and the frequencies of nonfatal suicidal behavior show large variation in nations adhering to the same religion.
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DOBA, EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, IZUM, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OBVAL, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
The aim of this study was to assess the effect of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) on sexual functions of women with vaginismus and their husbands, their marital adjustment, and their levels of ...depression and anxiety symptoms.
Twenty-six couples diagnosed as vaginismus according to DSM-IV-TR diagnostic criteria in gynecology outpatient clinics of Izmir Ege Maternity Hospital and Gynecological Diseases Training and Research Hospital were included in the study. The couples were treated with CBT through 50-minute sessions once a week. Pre- and post-treatment, all couples were assessed using a Personal Information Form, Golombok-Rust Inventory of Sexual Satisfaction, Dyadic Adjustment Scale, Beck Depression Inventory, and Beck Anxiety Inventory.
There were significant differences in the total and all subscales' scores of sexual functions, significant increase in the marital adjustment, and a significant decrease in anxiety and depression symptom levels after CBT in women who completed the therapy (n = 20). In the husbands, significant recoveries were observed after the therapy in sexual functions total scores and subscales of satisfaction, avoidance, and impotence. However, there was no change in frequency, communication, sensuality, and in the premature ejaculation domains. Also, the marital adjustment scores increased, and significant decreases were observed in depression and anxiety symptom levels.
It was observed that CBT is an appropriate therapy approach for vaginismus, and beneficial effects were observed in both women and their husbands in sexual functions, marital adjustment, and levels of depression and anxiety symptoms decreased.
The study investigated the associations of religiosity, religious coping and suicide acceptance to suicide ideation and attempts in 7427 young adults affiliating with Islam from 11 Muslim countries.
...A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect the data. We used F and χ2 tests and correlation analyses to report descriptive statistics. Multi-group path models with (i) a zero-inflated Poisson distribution and, (ii) a Binomial distribution were used to model the number of occurrences of suicidal ideation, and occurrence of a suicide attempt, respectively.
Religiosity was negatively associated with acceptability of suicide, but it was positively related to punishment after death across the 11 countries. Religiosity was negatively associated with ever experiencing suicidal ideation, both directly and indirectly through its association with attitudes towards suicide, especially the belief in acceptability of suicide. Neither positive nor negative religious coping were related to suicidal ideation. However, religiosity was negatively related to suicide attempts among those who experienced suicidal ideation at least once. This association was mediated through the belief in acceptability of suicide and religious coping. Negative religious coping was positively associated with suicide attempts probably because it weakened the protective effects of religiosity.
Findings from this study suggest that the effects of religiosity in the suicidal process operate through attitudes towards suicide. We therefore conclude that clinical assessment as well as research in suicidology may benefit from paying due attention to attitudes towards suicide.
•Religiosity deters suicide through its effects on attitudes towards suicide.•Acceptability of suicide has the strongest links to suicidal thoughts and attempts.•Neither positive nor negative religious coping are related to suicidal ideation.•Negative religious coping is positively associated with suicide attempts.•Positive religious coping does not deter suicide attempts.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
•Suicide acceptance and negative life-events were associated with suicidal ideation.•Perceived social support was negatively related to suicidal ideation.•Those who had interdependent self-construal ...were less accepting of suicide.•Number of life-events was the strongest predictor of ever attempting suicide.•Interdependence attenuated the association of negative life-events with suicide attempts.
Research on suicidality in low to middle-income countries is scarce. We addressed this issue by investigating suicidality in a cross-national college student samples from 11 predominantly low to middle-income majority Muslim countries.
The sample consisted of 7427 college students (56% female) who reported to be affiliated with Islam. Data on self-construal, social support, negative life-events, acceptability of suicide, suicidal ideation, and suicide attempts were collected with self-administered questionnaires.
Acceptability of suicide and the experience of negative life-events were positively, and perceived social support was negatively associated with suicidal ideation. Interdependent self-construal was negatively related to the acceptability of suicide and positively associated with perceived social support, implying a negative indirect effect on suicidal ideation although its direct effect was positive. The number of negative life-events was the strongest positive predictor of ever attempting suicide. The interdependent self-construal moderated the association of negative life-events with suicide attempts.
Cross-sectional and self-report nature of the study were its major limitations. Participants may have suppressed their responses about suicide because of religious and legal reasons.
Remarkable similarities across 11 country samples emerged in the linkages between cultural and interpersonal factors with suicidality. Our findings highlight the value of a nuanced approach to suicidality, that can recognize the differences in the processes associated with suicidal ideation and suicide attempts, as well as the need to consider the interplay of a broad range of personal, interpersonal, and cultural influences.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
The present study aimed to explore the relationship between traumatic experiences, difficulties in emotion regulation, identity confusion and psychopathology.
Six hundred and thirty five university ...students volunteered to participate to the first step of the study (460 (72.4%) females and 175 (27.6%) males). The mean age was 20.57 (17-29) years. The participants who scored above the group mean (X=44) on the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire- Short Form (CTQ-SF) were invited for a diagnostic interview. A total of 69 participants, consisting of 46 females (66.7%) and 23 males (33.3%), with a mean group age of 20.93 (17-29) years, were included in the second step of the study. All participants completed the General Information Form, the CTQSF, the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS), the Sense of Identity Assessment Form (SIAF), SCID-I and SCID II.
Prevalence of childhood traumas in the study group was 31.3%. Participants who came from low income groups, who were using psychotropic medications, who had family or personal history of self harm behaviour and who attempted suicide had significantly higher CTQ-SF scores. The SIAF scores of the subgroup diagnosed with psychiatric disorders were significantly higher than those of the undiagnosed. However, they did not differ with respect to their CTQ-SF and DERS scores. Results showed that difficulties in emotion regulation played a partial mediating role in the association of childhood traumatic events, in particular emotional abuse, with identity confusion.
The present study demonstrated that childhood traumatic events not only have effects on emotion regulation and the development of sense of identity, but also may be associated with self harm behaviours in the later stages of life. For prevention studies, enhancing parenting skills and raising community awareness to this issue would be beneficial.
INTRODUCTION|It is known that the presence of depressive symptoms can increase the risk of elevated body mass index. However, less is known about the underlying processes which may mediate or ...moderate this relationship. The aim of this study was to examine the mediating effect of parental psychological control and the moderating effect of age in regard to the relationship of depressive symptoms and body mass index. ¤METHODS|This study was carried out with 618 high school students (53.7% female, 45.0% male), ranging in age from 14 to 17-years-old. The participants were applied Sociodemographic Information Form, Children's Depression Inventory, Parental Psychological Control Scale as well as Body Mass Index.¤RESULTS|It was found through mediation analysis that the relationship between depressive symptoms and BMI was mediated by parental psychological control. In addition, the predictive effect of depressive symptoms on body mass index and the mediating effect of parental psychological control were moderated by age. More specifically, the direct effect of depressive symptoms and the indirect effect of depressive symptoms over body mass index through parental psychological control were observed in participants aged 14- years- old, but not in participants older than 14. ¤DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION|The aim of this study is to reveal the role of the psychological control of the parent and the age of the child, which is thought to be important in the relationship between depressive symptoms and body mass index. The findings support the importance of parenting programs that can positively affect both physical and mental health.¤
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•Accepting suicide was positively associated with escape motives for suicide.•Escape motives were negatively related to post-suicidal well-being.•Communication motives for suicide were not associated ...with post-suicidal well-being.•Interdependent self-construal might be beneficial for post-suicidal well-being.•Others’ interpretation of suicidal act may be critical for post-suicidal well-being.
This study focused on the well-being of the survivors of suicide attempts and the well-being of their interpersonal relationships after the attempt. The data came from a sample of 392 college students from 10 Muslim majority countries who reported having attempted suicide in the last 4 years. Suicide was conceptualized as a goal-directed behavior embedded in a sociocultural context and motivated by personal or interpersonal goals. We tested a process that linked culturally shaped self-construal to the postsuicidal personal and interpersonal well-being. We posited that this process would operate through the attitudes towards suicide, motives for suicide, the strength of the intention to die. Our model indicated that the acceptability of suicide was positively associated with escape motives, and this association was even stronger for the individuals with interdependent self-construals. Escape motives were negatively associated with postsuicidal personal and interpersonal well-being, but communication motives were not associated with these outcomes. We also found evidence that having an interdependent self-construal might be beneficial for postsuicidal personal and interpersonal well-being. Our results further suggested that the postsuicidal personal and interpersonal well-being of highly interdependent individuals may depend on the interpretation of their act of suicide by their close others.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of sociodemographic variables on the knowledge of, demand for, and reception of psychotherapy as a treatment modality among psychiatric ...outpatients.
Participants of the study were 240 psychiatric outpatients (170 females and 70 males). Data for mental health services were collected from a subgroup of 103 "experienced" patients (42.9%) having had received psychiatric help previously. All participants were administered a questionnaire containing questions about various forms of psychiatric services.
Of all participants, 40.83% reported having heard of psychotherapy a few of times before, mostly (44.58%) from the media and only 3.33% from a mental health professional. Most participants with previous applications to psychiatric outpatient clinic had first received mental health service from a psychiatrist (93.2%) and at a state hospital (72.8%), and a small minority (17.4%) had subsequently received care from a psychologist. None had demanded to, but 5 patients (4.86%) had been recommended to receive psychotherapy by mental health professionals. Of these experienced patients, 20 (19.41%) have an idea that the interviews they had previously at the outpatient clinics were sort of psychotherapeutic interviews; yet, only 7 (6.79%) retained the same idea after reading the definition of appropriate psychotherapy written on the questionnaire. All of these patients declared that they have received both their medication and psychotherapy at the same time. Thus, only 2.91% of 240 participants received psychotherapy that corresponds to the given definition.
Findings from this study suggest that mental health care is mostly performed by psychiatrists alone, with a limited contribution by psychologists. Consequently, the choice of treatment is solely pharmacotherapy for most patients, while psychotherapy as a treatment modality is neither offered nor demanded in routine practice.
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