Observation of reality shows that the attitude of today's society towards the elderly is very heterogenous and ambivalent. Both positive and negative attitudes can be observed. What is more, one can ...talk about attitudes of indifference and a certain social distance. The main goal of the research is to show how attitudes towards the elderly are shaped in our society and whether demographic variables such as gender, age, marital status, place of residence, or level of education differentiate these attitudes. Can we talk about the formation of certain patterns among the younger generation, which create the image of older people in adults?
The sample consisted of 1,025 people. The Scale of Attitudes towards Seniors (SPWS) by Łukasiewicz and Kowalski was administered. The entire tool consisted of 60 items divided into three scales: Respect and Support, Rejection and Misunderstanding, and Social Distance. In order to examine the attitudes of the respondents to their grandparents and their role in family life, seven self-authored statements were attached to the questionnaire.
The analysis of the obtained results shows no significant differences between positive and negative attitudes towards seniors. All attitudes are at a moderate level. The factors differentiating the intensity of attitudes were: gender, marital status, place of residence, and education level. The indicator of the development of positive attitudes towards seniors was the time spent with grandparents in the past and positive opinions about grandparents provided by parents. Earlier intergenerational relations are of no significant importance when it came to the intensification of negative attitudes.
The research confirmed the existence of heterogeneous attitudes towards seniors. However, there is no clear advantage of positive attitudes over the negative. The conclusions from the research point to the role of broadly understood education in shaping attitudes towards the elderly. In the age of an ageing society, activities that show the significance of older people for society, and what value they are for all of us, become important. The family and multigenerational relationships play a significant role here.
Working as a doctor, nurse, and midwife is associated with great responsibility for the health and life of patients. It is a source of many burdens, which result in marked, chronic stress leading to ...professional burnout and related consequences affecting all spheres of life. The research aimed to analyze healthcare workers’ preferred stress-coping strategies.The study encompassed 134 healthcare workers practicing the profession of doctor, nurse, and midwife, working in the cities of Lublin in the period from May 2022 to February 2023. We employeda self-made questionnaire and the Stress Coping Inventory (Mini-COPE). The PS IMAGO 9.0 program was used for the calculations and analysis of the results.The strategies of coping with stress most often used by doctors, nurses, and midwives were based on active coping and planning. The three surveyed groups of healthcare workers differ statistically significantly in using the denial strategy. Nurses are more likely than physicians to use denial as a coping strategy. There were no statistically significant differences in the remaining strategies of coping with stress.Healthcare workers in stressful situations often choose active ways of dealing with them, especially active coping and planning. An important factor that strengthens the choice of active strategies for coping with stress seems to be training aimed at improving the professional qualifications of healthcare workers.
The Scale for Evaluating Attitudes towards Seniors (SEAS) was developed based on the concept of social attitudes towards the elderly by G. Miałkowska. The main objective of the study was validation ...of Scale.
The validation procedure was carried out on a sample of 304 adults. Content validity was estimated based on the CVR coefficient, the theoretical validity was verified by means of exploratory factor analysis with simple Oblimin rotation and Kaiser normalization, and criterion validity determined based on analysis of the correlation matrix of SEAS from IVE and SES. Reliability of the tool was estimated based on the values of alpha Cronbach and the discriminatory power of test items coefficients.
Content validity rates CVR range from 0.83-1.00. Three SEAS factors were distinguished on the basis of factor analysis - Respect and Support, Rejection and Misunderstanding, Social distance. Their alpha Cronbach's coefficient range is 0.93-0.86. Extracted SEAS scales correlate with IVE and SES dimensions.
The validation procedure confirms the high psychometric properties of the constructed research tool and allows its use in both individual diagnosis and scientific research, which in turn will contribute to broadening of knowledge about the psychological mechanisms associated with seniors' perception, and can be used to design responses to preventive actions supporting quality of intergenerational interpersonal interactions.
A growing number of Ukrainian students at Polish universities encourages to look at their expectations and attitudes. For this purpose, some studies were performed using a questionnaire constructed ...by the authors of the article. It concerned the hopes and fears of Ukrainian students entering education in Poland in relation to their gained education, relationships with others in the majority – foreigners, declared values, the degree of mastery of Polish language and the more distant life plans. The article also attempts to emphasize the psychological aspect of hopes and fears, and to draw attention to the educative and educational importance of hope.
Owing to the complex etiology of depression taking into account the psychosocial and biological interactions in its formation and course, a comprehensive and integrated approach to this health issue ...is essential, one that would take into account additional forms of therapeutic interventions besides traditional methods, and increase in physical activity as one of them. The objective of the present paper is to present the significance of physical activity in the prevention and treatment of depressive disorders, based on the results of research carried out in 2014-2019. The review of empirical works indicates that physical activity adjusted to the individual's needs and health situation can play a role in the prevention and complementary treatment of depressive disorders, including those that occur in the course of somatic diseases. It should be noted that hasty recommendation of physical training to the patients with a severe form of the disorder may cause provocative thoughts, their guilt because of the inability to face the challenge or suicidal behavior.
Z Mickiewiczem Łukasiewicz , Jacek
Konteksty Kultury,
2019, 2019-00-00, Volume:
16, Issue:
1
Book Review, Journal Article
Open access
Review of:
Jacek Łukasiewicz - Anna Spólna, Dialogi z Mickiewiczem. Aktualizacje tradycji romantycznej w nowej i najnowszej poezji polskiej, Uniwersytet Technologiczno Humanistyczny im. Kazimierza ...Pułaskiego w Radomiu, Radom 2018, ss. 392
The way of functioning in everyday life and the style of coping with the challenges encountered, including the situations of financial difficulties, are shaped by various adaptation mechanisms ...conditioned by the state of psychophysical health, as well as social and cultural factors. They are related to the intrapsychic features, among which the personality plays a key role.
The research sample consisted of 2 groups - 50 patients with mobility impairment resulting from chronic pathologies of the locomotor system hospitalized in the Department of General and Neuro Rehabilitation, Institute of Rural Health in Lublin, and 50 healthy people. The research was carried out using the NEO-FFI Personality Inventory, Perceived Stress Scale, Self-Esteem Scale, General Self-Efficacy Scale, Impulsiveness Inventory and the APSZ Questionnaire.
In the group of patients with impaired mobility resulting from chronic pathologies of the locomotor system, the leading correlate of the tendency to seek help in the situation of indebtedness was extraversion. In the healthy group, the leading correlates of the tendency to undertake this type of activity were the intensity of perceived stress, neuroticism, self-esteem, self- efficacy and empathy.
In the group of patients with impaired mobility resulting from chronic diseases of the locomotor system, extroversion was the factor conducive to seeking help in the situation of indebtedness. In the group of healthy people, self-esteem, self- efficacy and empathy were the factors conducive to taking such actions, whereas intensity of perceived stress and neuroticism were the risk factors.
Introduction. The objective of the presented research is to characterize hope in the situational dimension, i.e., health, in the patients with cancer in the terminal phase of the disease, being ...treated in hospices and palliative care centers. Hope is very important for all the patients, especially for patients with cancer in various phases of the disease. Giving up on oncologic therapy and causal treatment is often associated with a transition into palliative care. When death and a loss of values become a threat, the individual has got hope to rely on. Material and Methods. The study relies on the Test to Measure Hope in the Health Context (NCN-36) by B.L. Block. 246 patients in the terminal phase of cancer participated in the study. Results. The internal structure of hope of recovery in the patients’ group was varied. The patients showed low levels of hope of recovery since they do not believe in the effectiveness of treatment. They were also not convinced of the effectiveness of modifications in dieting, lifestyle, or the use of nonconventional medicine. They trusted the doctor in charge and were moderately satisfied with the therapy in use. The intensity of hope of recovery was on the low level in the patients in the terminal phase of cancer. Age, sex, place of living, and marital status had a significant influence on the level of hope of recovery. Variables such as living on one’s own or living with one’s family, socioeconomic status, education, or profession did not affect the level of hope of recovery. Conclusions. The presented results allowed as to conclude that the assessment of hope in terminally ill cancer patients can be considered as one of the important tools enabling the personalization and the improvement of palliative care.
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DOBA, FZAB, GIS, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VSZLJ
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