The objective of the study was to analyze lifetime production data for two Slovenian locally adapted dairy breeds: Slovenian Saanen goat (334) and Slovenian Alpine goat (1105) and for the dairy type ...of Dreznica goat (141) which is the only Slovenian autochthonous goat breed. Dataset included records from 54 farms. Data for does born after 2002 have been obtained from the database of the National selection program for small ruminants, collected by the ICAR standards. The contribution of farm to phenotypic variance was estimated. Data was analyzed by MIXED procedure in SAS/STAT. The results showed significant effect of breed, farm and year of culling on all traits studied, except the effect of breed on completed lactations in lifetime and number of liveborn kids. The lifetime milk yield was higher in Slovenian Alpine goat compared to Slovenian Saanen goat by 413.26±172.52 kg. The difference in lifetime protein yield between Slovenian Alpine goat and Slovenian Saanen goat amounted to 11.76±5.21 kg. Dreznica goat did not differ in lifetime milk production and protein yield compared to both intensive goat breeds. Dreznica goat yielded about 25.50±5.21 kg more fat in lifetime compared to Slovenian Saanen goat. However, compared to Slovenian Alpine goat the difference was not significant. Comparison of Slovenian Saanen goat and Slovenian Alpine goat revealed higher lifetime fat yield of Slovenian Alpine goat by 13.28±5.21 kg. The results suggested reasonably good performance and adaptation of the autochthonous breed Dreznica goat in local agro climatic conditions.
Prvotni prašiči so v literaturnih virih običajno zapisani kot domači, naravni, navadni, kranjski, črni, štajerski oz. dolenjski prašiči in podobno. S pričetkom reje prašičev na Kranjskem se je ...razvila domača pasma prašičev. Podlaga te pasme so bili deloma domači, največ pa hrvaško-ogrski plemenski prašiči, ki so se postopoma prekrižali s prašiči žlahtnejših pasem, zlasti z veliko belo angleško pasmo. Domača pasma prašičev je bila odporna, imela je visoke noge, raven rilec in močan hrbet. Prašiči so bili skromni in neobčutljivi na mraz. Pri nastanku gorenjskega črnolisastega prašiča so verjetno sodelovale različne pasme: avtohtoni kranjski prašiči, hrvaški prašiči, heševci, angleške pasme (posebej jorkšir) in tudi krškopoljski prašiči. V kakšnem razmerju so sodelovale posamezne pasme, ni mogoče ugotoviti. Gorenjski črnolisasti prašič je bil mesnato-mastnega tipa. Bil je dobro rasten s sorazmerno veliko zmogljivostjo rasti in je imel kakovostno meso. Poudarjena je njegova odpornost in skromnost do pogojev reje. Zahteve trga po mesnatih prašičih so bile vse večje in opuščanje pasme je bilo neizbežno. O pasmah solčavski črni prašič in štajerski črni prašič so znani le skromni zapisi. Pasmi sta bili odporni in skromni ter sta bili izgubljeni.
O reji konj na Kranjskem je pisal že Valvasor (1689). Na več mestih v knjigi »Slava vojvodine Kranjske« piše tudi o kraškem konju. Druge pasme, ki so opisane v objavah do leta 1945, so noriški konj, ...lipicanskec, belgijski konj, ljutomerski kasač, medžimurski konj in drugi konji. Po odredbi kmetijskega ministrstva je bila nekdanja Dravska banovina, leta 1934 razdeljena v področje hladnokrvnih konj s tremi okoliši (medžimurski konj, srednje težki noriški konj, lahki noriški konj) in v dva pasemska okoliša toplokrvnih konj (amerikanski dirkač, lipicanec). Kraški konj je omenjen že v arhivski listini iz leta 1582. To so bili močni konji znani tudi po svoji dolgoživosti. Kraški konj je stara slovenska pasma, ki je od 16. stoletja dalje neposredno sodelovala pri nastanku lipicanca, pasma sama pa je izumrla. Bohinjski konj je bil visok, širok in močan. Pasmo prvi omenja dr. Bleiweis (1855). Nastal naj bi na začetku 18. stol. z oplemenjevanjem domačih kobil z žrebci pasme nonius (ogrskimi žrebci). Prvotni stari bohinjski konj je izginil z uvajanjem težkih noriških žrebcev. Kobariški konj je bila težka vprežna pasma konj, ki so jo redili že od nekdaj v soški dolini in na njenem obrobju. Pasma je bila zelo čislana tudi v Furlaniji. Prva svetovna vojna je povsem premešala pasemsko strukturo in o usodi kobariškega konja po letu 1928 ni podatkov. Posavinjski konj, imenovan tudi savinjski, je bil vzgojen v Savinjski dolini. Nastal je s križanjem noriške in ardenske pasme konj. To je bil srednje težak konj, ki je tudi izumrl.
The geography of Slovenian autochthonous Cika cattle breed was studied over a 140-year period of its development. The first literature reference regarding the dissemination range of original Cika ...cattle was found in the year 1872, when Schollmayr (1873) studied cattle breeds in Carniola. In the second half of the 19 century, cattle in Carniola were without their own names of breeds and were characterized by a large phenotypic diversity. A generic term “Carniolan cattle” was the most commonly used name and animals were grouped according to their colour. Povše (1893) reported that the red coloured Gorenjska cattle were to the fullest extent spread in the area which today belongs to Gorenjska statistical region. Under the influence of specific climate and breeding conditions in Bohinj area, the smallest in size and the most dairy type of Cika cattle was developed here. They named it as “Bohinj cattle” and this was the original form of Cika cattle. Breeding of Cika cattle maintained in the same area until the sixties of the past century. In the year 1964 a symposium took place in Kranj, where it was decided that Cika cattle was going to get upgraded by Simmental breed. Today, the breeding of Cika cattle is dispersed across a larger area of the Republic of Slovenia, however, it is the most widespread in the north part of Central Slovenian statistical region (Kamnik area) and Gorenjska, especially in the south-eastern part of Julian Alps (Bohinj area). In these two areas, Cika cattle breeding is still most concentrated.
Changes of body measurements and body proportions in endangered Slovenian autochthonous Cika cattle were studied. Forty six years after the last study of Cika cattle body measurements, more than ...three quarters of the total cow’s population of Cika cattle were measured. Because of great variability of phenotypic traits in Cika cattle population, animals were divided into three groups: Cika cattle type, semi-Cika type and Pinzgauer type. Animals of semi-Cika type were larger than Cika cattle type and animals of Pinzgauer type were larger than semi-Cika type. It was observed, that proportions between linear measurements in all three groups were not different between groups and not different from the “old” Cika cattle type. It could mean that inseminations with Pinzgauer bulls in the past have not had such strong influence on Cika cattle population as assumed. In order to find the animals of Pinzgauer type with an objective method, cluster analysis was performed. In the group with the largest animals, some tendencies towards body proportions of Pinzgauer type were found, but the body proportions were still more similar to proportions of Cika cattle than to proportions of Pinzgauer cattle today and forty six years ago, respectively.
A total of 65,204 lactation records that were recorded over the period from 2005 to 2016 in Alpine (ALP) and Saanen (SAN) goat populations in Croatia (CRO) and Slovenia (SVN) were used to determine ...lactation milk yield (MY), fat content (FC) and protein content (PC). The objective of this study was to estimate the sources of non-genetic variation for milk production traits. Data according to the ICAR standards were obtained from the Central database of the Croatian Agricultural Agency and the Slovenian Central Database for Small Ruminants. The data were analysed by the PROC MIXED procedure in the SAS/STAT software based on the restricted maximum likelihood method (REML). The results showed significant effects of the population, parity, litter size, year and month of kidding and the interactions between them as well as the effect of lactation length on analysed traits. SAN goats from Croatia produced the highest MY (585.09 ± 18.03 kg) among the four goat populations that were included in the study. Slovenian SAN goats produced 511.74 ± 28.92 kg of MY. MY in ALP goats was higher in the Croatian population (499.59 ± 7.88 kg) compared to the Slovenian ALP population (486.38 ± 18.86 kg). Milk yield increased with litter size and was the highest in the fourth parity, thereafter declining slowly.
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