A field experiment was conducted in order to determine the influence of contrasting soils on sweet corn (Zea maysL. var.saccharataKorn.) agronomic characteristics, yield and soluble sugars content. A ...study with sweet corn was set up during 2006 in Slovenia at two locations: in clay loam soil and in sandy loam soil. At each location 5 cultivars (Tasty Sweet Trophy F1, Tasty Gold F1, Gold Cup F1, Sweet Nugget and Zuckergold) were tested. The highest kernel weight cultivar was Tasty Sweet Trophy F1, regardless of the type of the soil texture. Kernel number per unit area was closely and negatively correlated with kernel weight. The type of soil had no significant influence on soluble sugars composition. However, when the sucrose content was observed, there were remarkable differences between cultivars irrespective of soil type.
The aim of this study was to compare the effect of PE black mulch with bare soil and hay cover against winged aphid number. In order to create management strategy in watermelon, flight dynamics of ...aphid population was recorded. The field experiment was set up as a randomized block design in three replications at Pula in Mediterranean region of Croatia. Aphids were collected weekly using yellow water metal traps. There were six sampling dates starting from 19 May until mulch was covered by plant canopy. We found significant difference in aphid number among the sampling dates as a result of their population dynamics on watermelon. The catches of two assessments in the second half of May were more numerous than during assessments in June. The flight maximum was recorded on 26 May and the population density significantly decreased from 9 June. There was not much effect of mulch on aphid number. However, at the peak of aphid population hay cover attracted 13% (26 May) and 18% (2 June) more aphids compared to bare soil.
Cilj naše raziskave je bil ugotoviti, kako PE črna folija v primerjavi z golimi tlemi in tlemi, prekritimi s senom, vpliva na razširjenost listnih uši na lubenicah. Tako smo z ugotavljanjem številčnega stanja uši želeli prilagoditi tehnolgijo gojenja lubenic v boju proti tem škodljivcem. Poljski poskus, ki je bil leta 2008 zasnovan po metodi naključnih blokov v treh ponovitvah, je bil postavljen v okolci Pulja v primorskem delu Hrvaške. Prisotnost uši smo s preštevanjem na rumenih kovinskih vabah ugotavljali vsak teden. Od 19. maja do trenutka, ko so listi lubenic prekrili tla, smo opravili šest preštevanj. Med posameznimi datumi smo ugotovili značilno razliko med številom uši na vabah, ki je bila posledica njihove populacijske dinamike na rastlinah. Število uši v dveh preštevanjih v drugi polovici maja je bilo znato večje od števila uši naštetih v juniju. Največji nalet uši je bil ugotovljen 26. maja. Njihova razširjenost pa se je značilno zmanjšala do 9. junija. Način zastiranja tal ni statistično značilno vplival na razširjenost uši. Poudariti pa je treba, da je na vrhuncu prisotnosti uši senena zastirka privabila 13% (26. maja) oz. 18% (2. junija) več uši, kot smo jih našteli v obravnavanjih na golih tleh.
In the Škocjan caves Regional Park, which is situated in south-western Slovenia in the central Karst region, 65 people (on 18 March 1998) live in 3 villages. According to the survey of 25 households ...it was found that 11 households own agricultural land. 9 of them have stopped cultivating their land. 22 of these surveyed, however, expressed interest in farming as a supplementary activity. 20 households would start processing activity that would be only a type of supplementary activity, and 10 of these surveyed would process farming produce occasionally. 10 households would sell their produce by means of direct sales. The SWOT analysis showed that the strengths and opportunities for farming in the Park essentially prevail over weaknesses and threats.
V Regijskem parku Škocjanske jame, ki leži v jugozahodni Sloveniji na matičnem krasu, živi (na dan 18. marca 1998) v treh vaseh 65 prebivalcev. Na podlagi anketiranja 25 gospodinjstev je bilo ugotovljeno, da ima kmetijska zemljišča v lasti 11 gospodinjstev. Od tega jih je devet opustilo obdelovanje. V 22 anketiranih gospodinjstvih pa so izrazili interes za kmetovanje kot dopolnilno dejavnost. S predelavo bi se kot z dopolnilno dejavnostjo ukvarjalo 20, priložnostno pa bi predelovalo pridelke 10 gospodinjstev. Deset gospodinjstev bi svoje izdelke tudi neposredno prodajalo. Analiza SWOT je pokazala, da prednosti in priložnosti kmetijske dejavnosti v Parku bistveno prekašajo nevarnosti in slabosti.
Hairy vetch (Vicia villosaRoth) and crimson clover (Trifolium incarnatumL.) were evaluated as cover crops during two vegetation seasons in the Mediterranean and Continental area of Croatia. Better ...tolerance to low winter temperatures was observed for crimson clover. Higher plants (10 to 31 cm) before winter and in spring (67 to 117 cm) were measured for hairy vetch, while crimson clover had higher yields of fresh biomass (33.7 to 113.1 t ha-1). Concentrations of N (1.53 to 3.34%), P2O5(0.55 to 1.04%) and K2O (2.02 to 5.32%) in plant tissue were higher for hairy vetch. However, due to higher yields of dry matter, crimson clover accumulated more N (105 to 239 kg ha-1), P2O5(28 to 83 kg ha-1), and K2O (105 to 440 kg ha-1) than hairy vetch. According to our results crimson clover could be recommended as a cover crop in Mediterranean and Continental area of Croatia.
The impact of water-soluble carbohydrate composition in relation to damage levels of onion thrips (Thrips tabaci Lindeman), were studied under field conditions at the Experimental Field of the ...Biotechnical Faculty in Ljubljana on 7 cabbage cultivar (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata). Onion thrips showed weak preference on cabbage heads with high amount of total carbohydrate, fructose and glucose and higher preference on heads with high concentration of sucrose. While amount of total carbohydrate, fructose and glucose were negatively correlated with damage levels (r2 = -0.7667; r2 = -0.6947; r2 = -0.8263), sucrose amount was not. There was a strong positively relationship between sucrose amount and the level of plants infested (r2 = +0.7378). The cv.‘Hinova’, which had the highest amount of total carbohydrate, showed itself to be the most resistant to the onion thrips.
The impact of water-soluble carbohydrate composition in relation to damage levels of onion thrips (Thrips tabaci Lindeman), were studied under field conditions at the Experimental Field of the ...Biotechnical Faculty in Ljubljana on 7 cabbage cultivar (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata). Onion thrips showed weak preference on cabbage heads with high amount of total carbohydrate, fructose and glucose and higher preference on heads with high concentration of sucrose. While amount of total carbohydrate, fructose and glucose were negatively correlated with damage levels (r2 = -0.7667; r2 = -0.6947; r2 = -0.8263), sucrose amount was not. There was a strong positively relationship between sucrose amount and the level of plants infested (r2 = +0.7378). The cv."Hinova", which had the highest amount of total carbohydrate, showed itself to be the most resistant to the onion thrips.
Field experiment was conducted to evaluate growth, yield and quality of leek (Allium porrum L.) under different nitrogen levels, on a heavy clay loam soil in the agro-climate of central Bosnia and ...Herzegovina. Treatments comprised four nitrogen levels (0, 50, 100 and 200 kg ha-1), using local leek variety Karentan. The levels of 100 and 200 kg ha-1 were repeated in split applications. Results demonstrated that increasing level of nitrogen to 200 kg ha-1 resulted in greater number of leaves per plant (14.4), maximum leaves weight (194.6 g plant-1), higher pseudo-stem diameter (36.3 mm), maximum pseudo-stem weight (146.5 g) and highest total yield (91.98 t ha-1). There was a linear increase in total yield from nitrogen fertilization (r2 = 0.87). There was also slight evidence that higher nitrogen amount decrease dry matter. Furthermore, increase in nitrogen levels had no appreciable effect on chemical composition (total and reducing sugars, vitamin C) of leek.
The plant spacing of early cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata) was studied at the Experimental Field of the Biotechnical Faculty in Ljubljana, during the 2001 and 2002 growing season. The ...cultivars, which included ‘Vestri’, ‘Parel’, ‘Delphi’, ‘Destiny’ and ‘Hermes’, were each spaced at 20, 30 and 40 cm within rows and 30 cm between rows or populations equivalent to 166,000, 108,000 and 82,000 plants ha-1. The experimental variables measured were marketable yield (per head and per hectare), yield characteristics (head diameter and head volume), quality characteristics (core volume, head density, soluble solids and dry matter) and onion thrips damage ratings. There was no interaction effect of cultivar and planting spacing on the measured variables. Marketable yield per head, head diameter and volume, core volume and head density generally increased as the within-row plant spacing increased, whereas, dry matter was significantly decreased at lower plant spacing. Soluble solids were not affected by plant spacing. The yield potential of cabbage was higher at cv. ‘Vestri’ than at the other cultivars. The onion thrips damage rating was severe at the lowest plant spacing and contributed to the reduced yield. A higher damage rating was established in the cv. ‘Parel’ but this didn't have a statistically significant influence on the weight loss of yield.
Eight red chicory (Cichorium intybus L. var. silvestre Bisch.) cultivars were screened for plant characteristics, yield, resistance to Erysiphe cichoracearum and their persistence of bolting over a ...two-year period (2002 and 2003 growing seasons) in central Slovenia. On two years with meteorologically different conditions the highest total and marketable weight of heads (i.e. total weight – weight of removed damaged leaves) were obtained from cv. 'Averto', followed by cv. 'Mesola' and 'Rubino'. The most compact heads in both years, were produced by cv. 'Palla rossa-super'. Less productive cultivars of red chicory were on average the most infected with the powdery mildew caused by E. cichoracearum. In 2002 the fungus occurred in a substantially larger extent than in 2003, which was less favourable for spread of the pathogen. The higher temperatures, prevailing in summer 2003, presumably promoted a greater percentage of bolting in plants. Among eight cultivars studied through two years, cv. 'Castel Franco', 'Averto' and 'Mesola' drew no incidence of bolters.
The goal of this research was to determine the influence of crop management systems, (organic, sustainable and conventional) and endomycorrhiza on vegetative growth of endive (Cichorium endivia L.) ...grown on fields in order to use PE mulch after lettuce crop. During 2002 and 2003 a two-factor trial with three repetitions and split-plot design was set up in Pula (Croatia). Main factor “crop management” had three levels (organic, sustainable and conventional); while the sub factor “mycorrhiza” had two levels (endive seedlings inoculated with endomycorrhizal fungus and non-inoculated seedlings). Endive was planted after lettuce harvesting on the set PE mulch in conventional and integrated management, while in organic management it was planted after tilling lettuce rests and plant mulch (fodder pea and common vetch). Fertilization (by fertirigation) and crop protection were performed according to basic principles of organic, sustainable and conventional crop management system. Neither mycorrhiza nor production systems had no significant influence on plant density, diameter and mass of heads, and marketable yields. The biggest endive head diameter had non-inoculated endive plants in first year of research, while in the second year this feature was not significant. Production system had no significant influence on head diameter. The sustainable production system had the most marketable endive heads, while the organic system had most non-marketable heads in the first research year, while in the second this feature was not significant. Mycorrhiza had no influence on this feature.
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