목적 : 해마다 고령인구는 급격히 증가하고 있어 연령 증가에 따른 백내장 환자도 증가하고 있다. 대부분의 백 내장 수술은 원거리 중심으로 근거리에 대한 부분은 많은 정보가 없다. 다초점 인공수정체를 사용한 수술의 경우 시력 흐림등의 부작용이 존재하고 있어 백내장 수술 후 근거리 가입도에 대한 효과적인 처방이 필요한 실정이다.
방법 : 백내장 수술 전 ...․후의 성인 21명 총 42안을 대상으로 굴절이상도, 교정시력, 가입도, 입체시력 등을 측 정하였다. 백내장 수술 후 굴절력이 안정되는 3달 후 검사를 진행하였다. 성별 및 굴절도에 따라 가입도 변화를 분석하였다.
결과 : 백내장 수술 후의 교정시력, 입체시력 및 가입도 모두 유의미하게 상승하였다. 남성이 여성보다 가입도 변화가 적은 것을 확인하였고 원시안에서 근시안보다 가입도 변화가 크게 나타나는 것을 확인하였다.
결론 : 백내장 수술 후에는 위조절에 의해 이론적인 가입도보다 낮은 가입도가 측정된다. 위조절이 나타나는 다양한 인자들을 고려하여 가입도 처방을 한다면 보다 나은 시생활을 영위할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.
Purpose : As the elderly population is rapidly increasing every year, the number of cataract patients is also increasing with age. As most cataract surgeries focus on distance vision, there is not much information about near vision. In the case of surgery with a multifocal intraocular lens, there would be side effects such as blurring of vision, so an effective prescription for near addition after cataract surgery is needed.
Methods : A total of 42 eyes of 21 adults before and after cataract surgery were measured for refractive errors, corrected visual acuity, addition, and stereoscopic visual acuity. The examination was performed 3 months after cataract surgery, when the refractive power was stabilized. Changes in addition were analyzed according to gender and refractive error.
Results : Corrected visual acuity, stereoscopic visual acuity, and addition all significantly increased after cataract surgery. It was confirmed that males had less change in addition than females, and that the greater change in addition was confirmed in hyperopia than in myopia.
Conclusion : After cataract surgery, the measured addition is lower than the theoretical addition due to pseudoaccommodation. It is judged that a better visual life can be achieved if the prescription is given considering the various factors that cause pseudoaccommodation. Considering the various factors that contribute to pseudoaccommodation when prescribing addition can lead to an improved quality of life.
한국인 사체에서의 정상 거골의 실측 하동준; 곽희철; 김전교 ...
대한족부족관절학회지,
12/2016, Volume:
20, Issue:
4
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
Purpose: To investigate the measured values of the talus in Koreans. Materials and Methods: We measured 88 tali from 44 cadavers that have been donated between December 2012 and December 2015. Of the ...cadavers, 27 were male and 17 were female. Their mean age was 73 years. The length and width of the talus were measured using a digital goniometer and vernier caliper. Results: The values of cadaveric measurement, mean maximal width and length, width and length of the dome anterior, width and length of the posterior facet, height and length of the trochlear medial facet, and height and length of the trochlear lateral facet were $43.6{\pm}2.6mm$, $56.5{\pm}3.3mm$, $32.5{\pm}2.0mm$, $42.2{\pm}2.7mm$, $22.2{\pm}2.2mm$, $34.7{\pm}2.0mm$, $15.3{\pm}1.3mm$, $33.3{\pm}2.9mm$, $25.3{\pm}3.3mm$, and $30.8{\pm}2.4mm$ for men and $38.9{\pm}1.6mm$, $53.6{\pm}2.4mm$, $27.9{\pm}2.1mm$, $37.4{\pm}3.2mm$, $20.6{\pm}0.8mm$, $31.9{\pm}1.2mm$, $13.6{\pm}2.6mm$, $28.4{\pm}2.5mm$, $24.9{\pm}2.1mm$, and $28.9{\pm}1.4mm$ for women, respectively. The size of the talus showed an accuracy of 86% when anteroposterior diameter was greater than 59 mm. A difference in the size of the right and left talus was not observed. The mean inclination and declination angles were $24.4^{\circ}{\pm}4.2^{\circ}$ and $28.2^{\circ}{\pm}5.4^{\circ}$ for men, and $24.6^{\circ}{\pm}3.6^{\circ}$ and $24.7^{\circ}{\pm}6.7^{\circ}$ for women (p=0.980, p=0.018), respectively, at least $15^{\circ}$, which showed a big difference for every object up to $37^{\circ}$. Conclusion: This paper, to the best of our knowledge, is the first study to measure the talus in Koreans. There were differences by gender and ethnicity in the in measured talus values. The measurements were smaller than European-Americans and greater than Japanese.
외부연료탱크의 분리 안정성 검증을 위한 지상 분리시험 김현기(Hyun-gi Kim); 홍승호(Seung-ho Hong); 하병근(Byung-geun Ha) ...
항공우주시스템공학회지,
2022, Volume:
16, Issue:
3
Journal Article
Open access
Aircraft pylon connects the engine or external stores to the main wing, and transfers the load acting on the pylon to the main structure of the aircraft. In particular, it should perform the function ...of separating the external store mounted on the pylon in case of emergency or mission performance. At this time, if the separation of the external store is not performed properly due to peripheral air flow or functional problems during the separation process of the external store, it may seriously impact the survivability of the aircraft. For this reason, to apply an external attachment to an aircraft, it is necessary to prove the stability of the external attachment in the separation situation in advance. In this paper, we present the result of the ground separation test performed to confirm that the external fuel tank, which is an external attachment, can be safely separated from the pylon. As a result of the test, the separation movement of the external fuel tank was measured with a high-speed camera, and the stability of the separation of the external fuel tank from the pylon were confirmed through the ground separation test. Additionally, the test result provides basic data for the stability evaluation of the separation of external attachments in actual aircraft. 항공기 파일런은 엔진이나 외부장착물을 주날개에 연결하고 파일런 자체에 작용하는 하중을 항공기의 주구조물로 전달하는 역할을 한다. 또한, 긴급상황이나 임무수행시 파일런에 탑재된 외부장착물을 분리하는 기능도 수행할 수 있어야 한다. 만약, 외부장착물 분리과정에서 주변기류나 기능적 문제로 외부장착물의 분리가 적절히 수행되지 않으면 항공기 안전에 심각한 영향을 줄 수 있기 때문에 항공기 적용 전에 파일런으로부터 외부장착물의 분리 안정성이 입증되어야 한다. 본 논문에서는 외부장착물인 외부연료탱크가 파일런으로부터 안전하게 분리가 이루어질 수 있는지 확인하기 위해 수행된 지상분리시험 결과를 제시하였다. 시험 결과로, 외부연료탱크가 시험치구로부터 분리된 후 투하 움직임을 고속카메라로 계측하고, 파일런으로부터 외부연료탱크의 분리 안정성을 확인하였다. 또한, 해당 시험결과는 실제 항공기에서의 외부장착물 분리 안정성 평가에 대한 기초 데이터를 제공할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.
인공지능과 모발의 필수 미네랄 원소 함량을 이용한 피험자 연령 예측 박준현; 하병조; 박상수 ...
Journal of the convergence on culture technology : JCCT,
11/2022, Volume:
8, Issue:
6
Journal Article
Open access
After artificial intelligence was trained with the data on the concentration of essential mineral elements in hair, the age was predicted by the concentration of mineral elements in the hair of the ...subject, and the result was compared with the actual age of the subject, and the correlation was investigated. The total number of hair data was 296, of which 2/3 were used for AI learning and 1/3 was used as the subject data. There was a correlation of 0. 678 between the actual age of the young subjects under the age of 25 and the age predicted by the AI. There was almost no correlation in the middle-aged subjects group, and there was a weak correlation of 0.522 in the elderly subject group. In order to secure the usefulness of artificial intelligence using hair mineral element concentration data, it is necessary to provide a larger number of data to the artificial intelligence. 모발의 필수 미네랄 원소 농도 데이터로 인공지능을 학습시킨 후, 피험자의 모발 미네랄 원소 농도로 나이를 예측하도록 하고 그 결과를 피험자의 실제 나이와 비교하여 연관성을 조사하였다. 전체 모발 데이터는 296개이었으며그 중 2/3를 인공지능 학습에 그리고 1/3을 피험자 데이터로 사용하였다. 25세 이하의 성장기 피험자의 실제 나이와 인공지능이 예측한 나이 사이에는 0.678 의 중상 정도의 상관관계가 있었다. 중년의 피험자 그룹에서는 연관성이 거의 없었고 노년의 피험자 그룹에서는 0.522의 약한 상관관계를 보였다. 모발의 미네랄 원소 농도 데이터를 이용한 인공지능의 유용성을 확보하기 위해서는 더 많은 수의 데이터를 제공하여 인공지능을 학습시키는 과정이 필요하다.
Variations of the twenty one metal components (Mg, Al, V, Cr, Co, Sr, Ba, Na, K Mn, Fe, Cu,Zn, As, Hg, Pb, Ca, P, Mo, Cd, Sb) were analyzed in human hair sample by inductively coupled plasma ...massspectrometry (ICP-MS). The effect of bleach and permanent wave manipulation on the elemental compositionwave. Hair sample was collected from male in the age of thirties. Hair sample (0.05 g) was added to the Teflondigestion bomb together with 1.5 mL of nitric acid and an appropriate amount of In as an internal standard.The sample was then decomposed in the microwave digestion system. In normal hair, the contents of V, Cr,Mn, Fe, Co, Cu, Zn, As, Mo, Cd, Sb and P were increased in permanent wave hair, and Mg, Al, V, Co, Sr,decreased with permanent wave hair, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, As, Hg, Pb and Ca contents were decreased with bleachedhair. KCI Citation Count: 3
Background: Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) is known to be a good surrogate marker of clinical atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a major predictor for developing neuropathy. The goal of ...this study was to determine the relationship between baPWV and diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted involving 692 patients with type 2 diabetes. The correlation between increased baPWV and DPN, neurological symptoms, and neurological assessment was analyzed. DPN was examined using the total symptom score (TSS), ankle reflexes, the vibration test, and the 10-g monofilament test. DPN was defined as TSS ≥2 and an abnormal neurological assessment. Data were expressed as means±standard deviation for normally distributed data and as median (interquartile range) for non-normally distributed data. Independent t-tests or chi-square tests were used to make comparisons between groups, and a multiple logistic regression test was used to evaluate independent predictors of DPN. The Mantel-Haenszel chi-square test was used to adjust for age. Results: Patients with DPN had higher baPWV and systolic blood pressure, and were more likely to be older and female, when compared to the control group. According to univariate analysis of risk factors for DPN, the odds ratio of the baPWV ≥1,600 cm/sec was 1.611 (95% confidence interval CI, 1.072 to 2.422; P=0.021) and the odds ratio in female was 1.816 (95% CI, 1.195 to 2.760; P=0.005). Conclusion: Increased baPWV was significantly correlated with peripheral neuropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes.
"Nuruk samples collected from various regions in Korea were investigated in terms of fungal contents and diversity. In measurement of colony forming unit (CFU) in Nuruk suspensions on DRBC agar, ...Nuruk samples MS4, MS8, and MS10 were among the highest fungal density, with 1,278.9±21.6 (×104), 1,868.0±27.7 (×104), and 775.1±19.2 (×104) were among the samples showing the highest fungal density. CFU per 20 mg Nuruk, respectively. The majority of fungal components were yeasts, including Pichia anomala, P. kudriavzevii, Kluyveromyces marxianus, and Saccharomycopsis fibuligera, whereas Aspergillus oryzae and Rhizopus oryzae, the representative Nuruk fungi, were predominant only in the low fungal density Nuruks (MS2, MS5, and MS11). Saccharification capability of the fungal isolates was assessed by measurement of amylase activity in the culture broth. The highest amylase activity was found in A. niger and A. luchuensis, followed by S. fibuligera. A. oryzae and R. oryzae showed fair amylase activity but significantly lower than those of the three fungal species. R. oryzae was suggested to play an additional role in degradation of β-glucan in crop component of Nuruk since R. oryzae was the only fungus that showed β-glucanase activity among the fungal isolates. To confirm the safety of Nuruk, aflatoxigenicity of the isolated Aspergillus was estimated using the DNA markers norB-cypA, aflR, and omtA. All of the isolates turned out to be non-aflatoxigenic as evidenced by the deletion of gene markers, norB-cypA and aflR, and the absence of aflatoxin in the culture supernatants shown by TLC analysis."
본 연구에서는 국내 자생버섯의 일종인 Clitocybe aurantiaca KCTC11143BP 균주가 생산하는 주름개선 화장품 신소재 clitocybin A의 발효생산 최적조건, 추출정제조건, 세포독성 및 자외선 조사에 따른 MMP-1 발현 저해활성을 규명하였다. C. aurantiaca 균주를 5 L 발효조를 이용하여 회분식으로 배양하였을 경우, PD ...액체배지보다 YM 액체배지에서 양호하게 생육하는 것을 확인하였다. 300 L 용량의 대형 발효 조에서 modified된 YM 배지를 이용한 유가식 배양으로 14일간 배양한 결과, 12.5 kg/120 L의 총 균체량을 얻었다. 발효 추출물로부터 항노화 소재인 clitocybin A를 추출정제를 한 후 HPLC를 실시하여 배양 4일째부터 clitocybin A가 생산되고 있음을 확인하였다. Clitocybin A 화합물의 세포독성을 확인하기 위하여 MTT assay를 실시한 결과, 100 μg/ml 농도로 처리하였을 경우 134.6 ± 10.4%로 오히려 세포가 증식하여 안전한 소재임을 확인하였다. 반면, 대조군으로 사용한 oleanolic acid는 25 μg/ml 농도에서도 강한 세포독성을 나타냈다. 또한, clitocybin A는 100 μg/ml 처리시 33.1%의 MMP-1 발현 저해활성 보여 주름개선 기능성화장품 소재로 매우 우수한 화합물임을 확인하였다.
Clitocybin A is a novel anti-wrinkle cosmetic agent produced by the strain from a Korean native mushroom Clitocybe aurantiaca. In this study, fermentation, extraction, and purification conditions for a large scale production of clitocybin A were optimized, and its cytotoxicity and inhibition activity on the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) were characterized. The mass production of anti-wrinkle agent was achieved according to the 300 L fermentation process with a fedbatch cultivation using the modified yeast-maltose (YM) broth, and a total of 12.5 kg of cell mass was obtained in a 120 L culture broth for 14 days. After extraction and purification, clitocybin A was identified by HPLC. The cytotoxicity of clitocybin A was examined by the MTT assay. When assayed at 100 and 200 μg/ml concentrations, clitocybin A showed no cytotoxicity, demonstrating safety. The inhibition activity of clitocybin A on the expression of MMP-1 was examined against UV irradiation. Oleanolic acid (control group) showed a relatively low MMP-1 inhibiting activity (ca. 16.7%) at 10 μg/ml and showed increased cytotoxicity at higher concentrations. In contrast, clitocybin A showed no cytotoxicity at 100 μg/ml, and exhibited a relatively high MMP-1-inhibiting activity (33.1%). These findings indicate that clitocybin A may be a safe and effective anti-wrinkle agent for use in functional cosmetics.
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