Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most prevalent infectious diseases with worldwide health threatening. Antimicrobial resistant strains of Escherichia coli (E. coli) are a common cause of ...UTI which were identified as a treatment challenge. This study aimed to assay the prevalence of common β-lactam resistance genes including bla
, bla
, bla
and bla
and phenotypic resistance to commonly used β-lactam and fluoroquinolone antibiotics in UTIs. These factors were evaluated in various phylogenetic groups (phylotypes) of E. coli isolates. Real-time PCR was applied to detect β-lactam resistance genes and conventional PCR was used to determine the phylotypes. Phenotypic resistance against β-lactams (ceftazidime, cefotaxime, aztreonam and ceftriaxone) and fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin) were identified by the disc diffusion technique. The ability of extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) production in E. coli isolates was detected using the combined disc diffusion method.
The prevalence of resistance genes were 89.6% for bla
, 44.3% for bla
, 6.6% for bla
and 0.9% for bla
. The two high prevalent phylotypes were B2 (29.2%) and D (17.9%) followed by E (14.1%), F (9.4%), C (6.6%) and 10.3% of isolates were unknown in phylotyping. Disc diffusion results showed high prevalence of antibiotic resistance to cefotaxime (88.6%), aztreonam (83%), ceftireaxon (77.3%), ceftazidime (76.4%) and ciprofloxacin (55.6%). Totally, 52.8% of isolates were found as phenotypical ESBL-producers.
This study's results confirmed an explosion of antibiotic resistance amongst E. coli isolates from UTI against β-lactams and fluoroquinolones. Findings explain the necessity of deep changes in quantity and quality of drug resistance diagnosis and antibiotic therapy strategies. More studies are suggested to better and confident evaluations.
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
The emergence, spread, and persistence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria have become a public health threat. Therefore, it is urgent to investigate novel antimicrobial materials without ...antibacterial resistance. In this regard, Copper/graphitic carbon nitride nanocomposites (Cu/g-C3N4 NCs) with different loading amounts of Cu nanoparticles (NPs) have been successfully prepared via the co-precipitation-sonication approach. The purity of the nanostructures was verified by the X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern. The antibacterial activity of Cu/g-C3N4 NCs versus tested bacteria were determined by the microdilution technique. Inhibition of biofilm formation was also evaluated using the microtiter plate method. In addition, the ability of Cu/g-C3N4 NCs to the expression level of the icaA gene was assessed by the Real-Time PCR technique. Our results showed that the doping of graphitic carbon nitride with Cu-NPs can improve the antibacterial activity of g-C3N4. So, sample 4 (Cu:g-C3N4 1;1), with higher Cu content, had the highest antibacterial activity toward tested bacteria. The result also showed that sample 4 recorded the largest inhibition zone diameters against tested bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus (29 mm) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (16 mm). In addition, Cu/g-C3N4 NCs exhibited a 65% reduction in biofilm formation for Staphylococcus aureus. Moreover, icaA gene was down-regulated after treatment with Cu/g-C3N4 NCs. In conclusion, our study showed that extract Cu/g-C3N4 NCs can use as a promising anti-biofilm agent against biofilm–producing bacteria.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most prevalent infectious diseases with worldwide health threatening. Antimicrobial resistant strains of Escherichia coli (E. coli) are a common cause of ...UTI which were identified as a treatment challenge. This study aimed to assay the prevalence of common beta-lactam resistance genes including bla.sub.TEM, bla.sub.SHV, bla.sub.CTX-M and bla.sub.CMY and phenotypic resistance to commonly used beta-lactam and fluoroquinolone antibiotics in UTIs. These factors were evaluated in various phylogenetic groups (phylotypes) of E. coli isolates. Real-time PCR was applied to detect beta-lactam resistance genes and conventional PCR was used to determine the phylotypes. Phenotypic resistance against beta-lactams (ceftazidime, cefotaxime, aztreonam and ceftriaxone) and fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin) were identified by the disc diffusion technique. The ability of extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) production in E. coli isolates was detected using the combined disc diffusion method. The prevalence of resistance genes were 89.6% for bla.sub.TEM, 44.3% for bla.sub.CTX-M, 6.6% for bla.sub.SHV and 0.9% for bla.sub.CMY. The two high prevalent phylotypes were B2 (29.2%) and D (17.9%) followed by E (14.1%), F (9.4%), C (6.6%) and 10.3% of isolates were unknown in phylotyping. Disc diffusion results showed high prevalence of antibiotic resistance to cefotaxime (88.6%), aztreonam (83%), ceftireaxon (77.3%), ceftazidime (76.4%) and ciprofloxacin (55.6%). Totally, 52.8% of isolates were found as phenotypical ESBL-producers. This study's results confirmed an explosion of antibiotic resistance amongst E. coli isolates from UTI against beta-lactams and fluoroquinolones. Findings explain the necessity of deep changes in quantity and quality of drug resistance diagnosis and antibiotic therapy strategies. More studies are suggested to better and confident evaluations.
Full text
Available for:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
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