Background Accruing evidence suggests an inverse relationship between coffee intake and serum uric acid. The mechanism(s) explaining this inverse relationship remains elusive. The aim of this study ...was to assess if the association between coffee intake and hyperuricemia is mediated via serum ferritin in women. Methods We pooled data from the 2003 to 2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). We included women with complete information on all key variables. Coffee intake was classified as none, <1 cup/day, 1-3 cups/day, and ≥4 cups/day. Hyperuricemia was defined as serum uric acid >5.7 mg/dL. We assessed the association between coffee intake and hyperuricemia using logistic regression. Path analysis was used to examine whether serum ferritin mediated the effect of coffee on hyperuricemia. Results Among 2,139 women (mean age: 31.2 years SD: 9.2), mean serum uric acid was 4.4 mg/dL (SD: 1.0), and 227 (10.6%) had hyperuricemia. In multivariate logistic regression models, intake of ≥4 cups/day of coffee was associated with lower odds of hyperuricemia (OR 0.28 95% CI: 0.09, 091, P=0.035). The total direct and indirect effect of coffee on hyperuricemia via serum ferritin was -0.16, P=0.009 and -8.1 × 10
, P=0.204, respectively. Conclusion Among women, moderate coffee consumption was inversely related to hyperuricemia by direct effect, rather than indirectly through the effects of serum ferritin. These findings suggest that serum ferritin does not mediate the inverse association between coffee and hyperuricemia in women.
Objective
The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of capsaicin in inducing significant pain relief in a population of sub-Saharan African type 2 diabetic patients with painful peripheral ...neuropathy.
Design
This was a prospective double-blind placebo-controlled randomised clinical trial.
Setting
A single tertiary-level hospital diabetes center in Yaounde, Cameroon.
Participants
Twenty-two participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus, presenting with painful diabetic neuropathy, aged 18 years and above.
Intervention
Participants were equally randomised to capsaicin or placebo. Each drug was to be applied on the lower limbs thrice daily. Follow-up was done every two weeks for eight weeks.
Main outcome measure
Reduction in the median pain score from baseline, as assessed by the Visual Analogue Scale.
Results
Twenty-two participants aged 57.5 (50-60) years with a median pain intensity of 6.8 units in the capsaicin group and 5.8 units in the placebo group were included; at inclusion, there was no significant difference in the two groups (p=0.29). After two weeks, the value of pain intensity was 3.3 2.5-4.0 vs 5.0 4.0-7.4 (p=0.003); at week four, 3.0 2.5-3.3 vs 5.0 4.2-5.5 (p=0,02); at week six, 3.3 2.5-4.0 vs 4.8 4.0-6.0 (p=0.03); and at week eight, 6.6 6.0-7.0 vs 5.2 5.0-6.0 (p=0.54) for capsaicin and placebo respectively.
Conclusion
This study, carried out due to a paucity of information on the effect of capsaicin and painful diabetic neuropathy in sub-Saharan African diabetes patients, shows that capsaicin significantly reduces neuropathic pain with worsening after eight weeks of use.
Trial registration number
Pan Africa Trial Registry: PACTR202003714748946.
•The prevalence of fragility fractures was higher among individuals who had ever used electronic cigarettes.•Former and current electronic cigarette users had a higher prevalence of fragility ...fractures compared to never users.•There was a graded increase in the prevalence of fragility fractures among sole conventional cigarette smokers and dual users of traditional and e-cigarettes.•Electronic cigarette use may be detrimental to bone health.
The popularity of electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use continues to rise in the United States. While conventional cigarette smoking is an established risk factor for osteoporosis and osteoporotic fracture, the effects of e-cigarette use on bone health are unknown. We aimed to examine the association between e-cigarette use and fragility fractures.
We pooled 2017–2018 data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). We included men and women with complete information on key variables. E-cigarette use was categorized as either never or ever users. Ever users were further classified as former and current users. Fragility fracture was defined as a composite of self-reported fracture of the hip, spine or wrist which resulted from minimal trauma such as a fall from standing height or less.
Of 5569 participants, there were 4519 (81.2%) never e-cigarette users, 1050 (18.8%) ever e-cigarette users, and 444 (8.0%) with self-reported fragility fracture. In adjusted models, ever e-cigarette users had a 46% higher prevalence of self-reported fragility fractures compared to never users (aPR: 1.46, 95% CI: 1.12, 1.89). We also observed a higher prevalence of fragility fractures among former and current e-cigarette users compared to never users (aPR: 1.89, 95% CI: 1.44, 2.48 and aPR: 1.77, 95% CI: 1.04, 3.02 respectively).
E-cigarette use was associated with a higher prevalence of self-reported fragility fracture. These findings suggest that e-cigarette use may be harmful to bone health. These data highlight the critical need for longitudinal studies exploring the potential effect(s) of e-cigarette use on bone health.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Aims
Accruing evidence suggests an association between high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C) and incident diabetes. However, there is a paucity of data on the link between HDL‐C and diabetes, ...especially among African Americans (AAs). We aimed to assess the association of HDL‐C and its fractions with incident type 2 diabetes among AAs.
Methods
We included Jackson Heart Study participants who attended visit 1 (2001–2004), were free from diabetes and were not treated with lipid‐modifying medications. Incident diabetes was assessed at two subsequent‐yearly visits (2 and 3). We cross‐sectionally assessed the association of HDL‐C and insulin resistance (IR) using multivariable linear models. We prospectively assessed the association of HDL‐C and its fractions with incident diabetes using multivariable Cox regression models.
Results
Among 2829 participants (mean age: 51.9 ± 12.4 years, 63.9% female), 487 participants (17%) developed new‐onset diabetes, over a median follow‐up of 8 years. In adjusted models, a higher HDL‐C concentration was associated with a lower odds of IR (odds ratio OR per standard deviation SD increment: OR 0.56 95% confidence interval, CI 0.50–0.63, p < 0.001). In adjusted models, a higher HDL‐C concentration was associated with a lower risk of diabetes (HR per SD increment: 0.78 95% CI 0.71, 0.87, p < 0.001; HR for highest vs. the lowest tertile of HDL‐C was 0.56 95% CI: 0.44, 0.71, p < 0.001).
Conclusion
In a sample of African‐American adults not on any lipid‐modifying therapy, high HDL‐C concentrations were inversely associated with the risk of new‐onset diabetes. These findings suggest a strong link between HDL‐C metabolism and glucose regulation.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
IntroductionMechanistic studies suggest that type 2 diabetes is independently associated with low cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF). Little is known about the CRF profile in type 2 diabetes; we ...assessed the correlates of low CRF among overweight/obese adults with type 2 diabetes.Research design and methodsA total of 4215 participants with type 2 diabetes and without cardiovascular disease underwent maximal exercise testing in the Look AHEAD (Action for Health in Diabetes) study. Low CRF was defined based on the Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study reference standards. Calorie intake and physical activity were assessed using questionnaires. Body fat composition was assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.ResultsWaist circumference, systolic blood pressure, glycemic measures, whole body fat, caloric intake, and fat-free mass were inversely associated with fitness across sex (all p<0.001). Comparing with moderate or high CRF groups, the low CRF group was associated with higher adjusted odds of obesity (OR 3.19 (95% CI 1.95 to 5.20) in men, 3.86 (95% CI 2.55 to 5.84)) in women), abdominal obesity (OR 3.99 (95% CI 2.00 to 7.96) in men, 2.28 (95% CI 1.08 to 4.79) in women), hypertension (OR 1.74 (95% CI 1.09 to 2.77) in men, 1.44 (95% CI 1.02 to 2.05) in women), metabolic syndrome (OR 5.52 (95% CI 2.51 to 12.14) in men, 2.25 (95% CI 1.35 to 3.76) in women), use of beta-blocker (1.22 (95% CI 0.86 to 1.73) in men, 1.33 (95% CI 1.03 to 1.73) in women), and ACE inhibitor/angiotensin-receptor blocker (1.86 (95% CI 1.39 to 2.50) in men, 1.07 (95% CI 0.86 to 1.32) in women). Women with low CRF had higher odds of current smoking (2.02 (95% CI 1.25 to 3.28)).ConclusionsLow CRF was associated with increased odds of cardiometabolic correlates in a large cohort of adults with type 2 diabetes.
Author's response Agoons, Dayawa D.; Agoons, Batakeh B.; Emmanuel, Kelechi E. ...
American journal of medicine open,
12/2022, Volume:
8
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
8.
Author's response Agoons, Dayawa D.; Agoons, Batakeh B.; Emmanuel, Kelechi E. ...
American journal of medicine open,
December 2022, Volume:
8
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
Full text
Available for:
GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
9.
Author's response Agoons, Dayawa D; Agoons, Batakeh B; Emmanuel, Kelechi E ...
American journal of medicine open,
12/2022, Volume:
8
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Full text
Available for:
GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
10.
Author's response Agoons, Dayawa D.; Agoons, Batakeh B.; Emmanuel, Kelechi E. ...
American journal of medicine open,
06/2022, Volume:
8
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
Full text
Available for:
GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
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