Chronic lymphatic filariasis patients in Bihar, India, need management of lymphedema to live a disability-free life. For patients who have recurrent attacks of acute dermato-lymphangio-adenitis ...(ADLA), World Health Organization (WHO) has recommended simple home-based measures that include maintaining hygiene, skin care, and limb movement. However, patients in rural areas are unable to adopt them, resulting in a vicious cycle of ADLA attacks. There might be multiple realities from patients' and healthcare workers' perspectives that were unexplored. Qualitative research was deemed best suitable to identify the barriers to carrying out home-based lymphedema practices that adversely affected quality of life. The qualitative descriptive study was conducted in two villages in the rural field practice area under a tertiary care hospital in Bihar. Researchers purposively selected ten participants, including patients affected by lymphedema, their caregivers, the grassroots healthcare workers, and the block health manager. In-depth interviews were conducted using a semi-structured interview guide. Data were entered into QDA Miner Lite, where researchers did attribute, in-vivo, process, descriptive, emotion, and holistic coding, followed by content analysis, where categories and themes emerged from the codes. Three themes emerged: the inherent nature of disease, patient-related factors, and healthcare system-related factors. The fifteen identified barriers were low awareness, low adherence, low health-seeking behavior, poor personal hygiene, and categories like signs and symptoms, seasonal factors, hampered activities of daily living, hopelessness from not getting cured, psychosocial difficulty, lack of capacity building and receipt of incentives by healthcare workers, unavailability of laboratory diagnosis and management of complications at the facility, inconsistent drug supply, and no financial assistance. Accessibility to WaSH, regular training of home-based care, increasing the capacity and motivation of grassroots workers, and the generation of in-depth awareness among the patients are required to achieve the elimination of filariasis, with MMDP as a key component of that strategy for endemic districts across the whole country.
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•Plant growth microbes played direct and indirect roles for growth and productivity.•Enhancing growth and productivity of crops by method of production & solubilization.•Role of PGPR and PGPF in ...food-energy nexus is also mentioned.•Bio-control mechanism of microbes is also discussed for agricultural sustainability.
With increasing population and depleting natural resources there is a need for increasing agricultural productivity in sustainable and ecofriendly manner. The conventional agricultural practices utilize a lot of chemical fertilizers for increasing the productivity that pose a threat to agro-ecosystems like food chain contamination, soil quality degradation, water pollution etc. To overcome all these problems, there is need to shift towards sustainable agricultural practices like application of Plant Growth Promoting Microbes (PGPMs) instead of conventional chemical fertilizers restoring the agro-ecosystems. These microbes live in soil and are associated with rhizospheric region of plants, where they stimulate growth and productivity of their hosts by different direct and indirect mechanisms e.g. by phytohormones, siderophores, solubilization of minerals etc. Microbes used to make available soil nutrient to crops without compromising with the soil fertility in environmentally sustainable manner. Previous studies have shown positive effects of microbes on growth and yield of various crops in different climatic conditions, soil types also under biotic and abiotic stress conditions. Further, these microbes have also been used successfully as bio-control agents for various pathogens in the plants. Present review presents an overview of different mechanisms used by these microbes as growth promoter and role performed as bio-control agents for enhancing the productivity as well as the supportive role played for sustainable and ecofriendly agriculture without causing any negative effects on the environment and on living beings health.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Background: Every day 67,385 babies are born in India, that’s around one- sixth of the world’s childbirths. Every minute one of these new-borns dies, with an annual birth rate of 25 million which ...accounts for nearly one-fifth of the world’s annual childbirth. Objectives: 1. To find out the proportion of unintended pregnancy among women of reproductive age group attending ANC Clinic of AIIMS Patna USING LUMP SCALE. 2. To determine the Factors contributing to unintended pregnancy. Methodology: This was a hospital based cross-sectional study done for 6months (March 2022 to September 2022) conducted in Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology OPD, AIIMS Patna and included all the pregnant ladies who visited the ANC clinic. Consecutive sampling was done and a sample size of 237 was taken rounding off to 250 with 5% absolute precision, 95% confidence and 10% non-response rate. A predesigned, semi-structured questionnaire was used and the information collected was downloaded from Epicollect5/Google forms in an MS Excel sheet and analysis was done using the IBM SPSS version20. Results: Out of 255 participants who were more than 20 years of age 31% (79) participants had unplanned pregnancies compared to 50% (17) out of 34 participants whose age was less than 20. This association was statistically significant with a p-value of 0.027. Out of 289 participants attending the ANC clinic, 32.87% (95) participants had a history of abortion among which only 23.2% (22) participants had an unplanned pregnancy. This association was statistically significant with a p-value of 0.011. Conclusion: In our study we found the prevalence of unintended pregnancy to be 33.2% which is comparable with 33% prevalence of unintended pregnancy in African continent study.
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Background: Despite their constraints and failure to adhere to evaluation criteria, conventional written assessment methods are still widely and often used in many medical colleges. The partiality ...and inclination of the topic setter are apparent. This results in the overrepresentation of certain themes while leaving many others neglected. Every examiner possesses their own bias and tends to construct questions according to their specific areas of expertise. The distribution and arrangement of the questions are still ambiguous for learners. Several authors have suggested comprehensive evaluation frameworks for different levels of cognitive domains. Objective: This study sought to create a theory-based summative evaluation blueprint by involving experts from the All-India Institute of Medical Sciences. Methodology: Twenty-five experts from 10 All India Institutes of Medical Science were invited via email and contributed for summative assessment for a theory paper. Each week, the study lead team sent an online form containing 25 topics. A total of 269 topics were selected to be included in the blueprint development. An Impact and Frequency score was obtained for each topic, with a score between 1 and 3 for both its “Impact (I)” and “Frequency” (F). Results: The overall response rate was 71%. “Principle of epidemiology” (14.7%) had the most weight, followed by “Epidemiology of communicable disease” (13.4%) and “National Health Program” (10%). These three chapters constituted more than one-third of the total weight of the summative assessment (theory). 20 out of 24 (83%) chapters have moderate-to-good interrater reliability. Conclusion: The proposed blueprint will serve as a reference for setting the question paper and will impart objectivity, uniformity, and validity to the construction of the written assessment tool.
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The new trend knowledge economy emerged from the last decade in academia and business industry. Whilst knowledge management the subfield of knowledge economy, knowledge management is an entirely new ...conception and way of management. The research main purpose is to postulate the process of. knowledge possession, formation, sharing, categorization and retaining amongst the university librarians of the Punjab, Pakistan. For data collection for this study, Survey method was used. The research tool was developed for data collection on the basis of published literature. The analyzed results showed that aspects of KM; knowledge possession, systematization, acquisition, knowledge retention and knowledge creation practices become an assist of organization to progress and improve the efficiency and effectiveness of an organization. These are basic factors for the accomplishment of an organization and play main job to attain the organizational goals. It is the role of Km is very essential for the availability of services, effectiveness, efficiency, performance and productivity of the professionals. The findings of this study can be used by the academic libraries and other organizations to develop their practices.
With the development of knowledge as economy, knowledge become the asset for the organizations. In this context, it is very essential organizational strategy to cop up with environmental changes. ...order to survive and compete effectively in the global environment. Research purpose of the study is to examine the relationship between knowledge management and job satisfaction among the university librarians of the Punjab, Pakistan. For data collection process survey research method was used. On the basis of literature review, a questionnaire was designed for data collection. The analyzed data showed a good relationship of the research main constructs between satisfaction of librarians’ jobs and different aspects of knowledge management. It was evaluated that there was a good relation of knowledge acquisition and knowledge sharing with job satisfaction. There is positive impact of knowledge management process on an organization and help improve efficiency and effectiveness. Beside this, job satisfaction is a important aspect for organizational success. It plays a significant role in achieving the organizational goals. The study concluded that both job satisfaction and KM draw a significant task in increasing the services availability, efficiency, effectiveness, productivity and performance of the professionals. Academic libraries and other organizations can use the findings of this study to improve their practices. This might help to increase innovation, productivity, opportunity and competitive advantages.
Most of the tropical rivers of the world are being affected by multiple sources of pollution. The intensity of pollution is much bigger in the urban stretches due to discharge of untreated or ...partially treated sewage. A rapid and cost-effective tool is required for identification of water quality problems and their spatial variation for determining the main pollution sources and to detect relationships between various parameters. For this study, Gomti River, a major tributary of River Ganges, India, was considered which has gained substantial attention because of increasing anthropogenic pollution loads that has badly affected its water quality and ecosystem functions. The urban segment is polluted with organic substances, nutrients and heavy metals. The study provides an overview of the quality of water in the Gomti River through water quality index (WQI) and multivariate statistical techniques to check if WQI is enough for a nutrient-polluted river in the urban stretch. The study suggests that periodic monitoring and the water quality index development are not enough as it does not incorporate all the aspect of a rivers water quality. The separate assessment of nitrogenous biochemical oxygen demand, carbonaceous biochemical oxygen demand, sediment oxygen demand and the nitrification inhibition aspects are required to be integrated when developing a WQI. Present study illustrates that water quality of Gomti River has gradually worsened from upstream and downstream to middle stretch. The middle stretch was found to be most polluted as the major drains are concentrated within this stretch. Principal component analysis/factor analysis (PCA/FA) helped in obtaining and recognizing the factors/sources accountable for river water quality differences in the study area. The findings are useful for the decisions regarding water quality management and this can also be applied for speedy and low-cost assessment of water quality of the polluted urban stretch of other tropical rivers for better environmental management and planning perspective.
ObjectivesThis study was conducted to establish the association between glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD) in non-hypertensive patients with newly ...diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and determine the cut-off value of HbA1c for detecting LVDD.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingThis study was conducted in General Medicine Department in collaboration with the Cardiology Department at All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna.ParticipantsThe study population comprised patients with newly diagnosed type 2 DM within the past 3 months, aged between 18 years and 80 years, who were not hypertensive and without any systemic diseases and who presented to the General Medicine Department.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe presence of LVDD was the primary outcome measure.ResultsAmong the total of 60 participants, it was observed that age (adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 1.169, 95% CI: 1.066 to 1.283) and HbA1c (AOR: 2.625, 95% CI: 1.264 to 5.450) were found to be independent predictors for the presence of LVDD. Receiver operating characteristic analysis identified a cut-off value of HbA1c at 9.5% (80 mmol/mol) for detecting LVDD, with a specificity of 96.43%, a sensitivity of 37.5% and a positive predictive value (PPV) of 91.62%.ConclusionsThis study demonstrated that age and HbA1c levels are independent predictors of LVDD in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 DM without hypertension. A cut-off value of 9.5% for HbA1c was identified with a high specificity and PPV for predicting LVDD in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes. This underscores the importance of conducting echocardiography in patients with newly diagnosed asymptomatic type 2 diabetes with HbA1c 9.5% or more to assess LVDD, allowing for prompt interventions if necessary and to decelerate the progression towards heart failure.
Background:
Nomophobia is a situational phobia evoked by unavailability of smart phone or the thought of the possibility of not having it, not being able to use it and losing it. Currently used ...instruments for assessment of severity of nomophobia offers challenges of administration and have limited applicability in the Indian setting. Therefore, this study was aimed to depict and understand the lived experience of college students with nomophobia and making sense of it.
Methods:
This interpretative phenomenological analysis research design study was carried out on 17 undergraduate students belonging to different academic streams including Science, Social science and Commerce from the three study sites situated in different locations of India. An in-depth interview guide was prepared. The students who scored more than 90 on nomophobia questionnaire (NMP-Q Questionnaire) were included in the study. The data was recorded in audio and video format, it was transcribed, and translated from Hindi to English language. Coding was done and the theme were extracted.
Results:
The findings identified six superordinate themes: Digital Obsession, Digital Compulsion, Approval Motivation, Digital Intensement, Digital Well-being and Insight.
Conclusion:
The lived experiences of the students with nomophobia had explicitly shown a strong inclination towards the smartphone. They also focused on some of the significant aids provided by the smartphone. Further the intensive use of the smartphone was posing major challenges to the students when they were away from it.
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Increasing concern towards climate change and water conservation has attracted wide attention of researchers to explore the biological carbon fixation and wastewater treatment by using microalgae. ...Algal biomass can be harvested in an integrated system provided with carbon dioxide from power plants and wastewater released from industrial and domestic sector. In this way simultaneous potential of microalgae can be utilized for simultaneous fixation of CO
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and wastewater treatment. This article present a critical review focusing on challenges in algal biomass production technologies and how to achieve algal biofuel production in an integrated system of CO
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fixation and wastewater treatment by suitable microalgal species. In view of these objectives, this article provides a comprehensive narration about the following: (a) perspectives of carbon uptake by algal biomass; (b) industrial emissions as a CO
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supplement for algal cultivation; (c) water foot print for algal cultivation; and (d) genomics for improvement of algal biofuel production. This review found that technical feasibility, economic viability, and resource sustainability are the key steps for algal biofuel production that can be achieved through flue gas and wastewater nexus in algal cultivation. It also provides salient features of algae-nutrient-wastewater-flue gas dynamics to measure the influences of flue gas and wastewater on algal biomass productivity.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
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