Introduction
As a primary headache, migraine has been established as the first leading disability cause worldwide in the subjects who aged less than 50 years. A variety of dietary supplements have ...been introduced for migraine complementary treatment. As an anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agent, vitamin D is one of these agents which has been of interest in recent years. Although higher prevalence of vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency has been highlighted among migraineurs compared to controls, there is not any consensus in prescribing vitamin D in clinical practice. Therefore, in the current review, in addition to observational and case-control studies, we also included clinical trials concerning the effects of vitamin D supplementation on migraine/headache.
Methods
Based on a PubMed/MEDLINE and ScienceDirect database search, this review study includes published articles up to June 2019 concerning the association between migraine/headache and vitamin D status or supplementation.
Results
The percentage of subjects with vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency among migraineurs and headache patients has been reported to vary between 45 and 100%. In a number of studies, vitamin D level was negatively correlated with frequency of headaches. The present findings show that supplementation with this vitamin in a dose of 1000–4000 IU/d could reduce the frequency of attacks in migraineurs.
Conclusion
It seems a high proportion of migraine patients might suffer from vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency. Further, the current evidence shows that in addition to routine drug therapy, vitamin D administration might reduce the frequency of attacks in migraineurs. However, these results have yet to be confirmed.
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DOBA, EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, IZUM, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
Dexmedetomidine, an α2 agonist, has well-known anesthetic and analgesic-sparing effects. We designed this study to evaluate the effect of intraoperative dexmedetomidine infusion on intra operative ...blood loss and postoperative pain in functional endoscopic sinus surgery.
This prospective cohort study included 90 patients planning to undergo endoscopic sinus surgery, who were randomly divided into three groups. 2 to 2.5 mg/kg of propofol was used in all groups to induce anesthesia. One group received dexmedetomidine 0.2 μg/kg per hour infusion whereas the other group received dexmedetomidine 0.5 μg/kg per hour infusion. The control group received normal saline infusion.
The mean age of patients was 41.02 ± 11.93. 33 patients in the dexmedetomidine 0.2 μg/kg/h group, 30 patients in the dexmedetomidine 0.5 μg/kg/h group and 27 patients in the placebo group. The lowest amount of bleeding was related to the dexmedetomidine 0.5 μg/kg/h group. The volume of bleeding between the three groups was significantly different (
= 0.012). The satisfaction of the surgeon in the dexmedetomidine 0.5 μg/kg/h group was more than other groups. There was a significant relationship between the satisfaction of the surgeon and the treatment groups (
< 0.001). The lowest duration of surgery was related to the dexmedetomidine 0.2 μg/kg/h group. The most Trinitroglycerin (TNG) consumption was in the placebo group and the highest dose of labetalol was in the dexmedetomidine 0.5 μg/kg/h group. There was no significant difference in the TNG and labetalol consumption between three groups. The lowest consumption of morphine and pethidine in the dexmedetomidine 0.5 μg/kg/h group.
Infusion of dexmedetomidine 0.5 μg/kg/h decreased blood loss and consumption of morphine and pethidine in patients who underwent endoscopic sinus surgery.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Chronic rhinosinusitis is a common inflammatory condition in western countries. Nasal polyposis has different symptoms such as nasal obstruction, anterior or posterior nasal drip, reduced sense of ...smell, and facial pain. Medical and endoscopic treatments are the two main treatments for nasal polyposis. Our aim was to compare the efficacy of different methods on olfactory function. This is a non-randomized clinical trial study that was done on 60 patients who were divided into two groups (medical and surgical). Patients were matched based on age, history of smoking, and the severity of obstruction. The radiologist score of Lund-Mackay staging system was used to match patients in two arms of the trial based on the severity of nasal obstruction. Patients in surgery groups underwent functional endoscopic sinus surgery under general anesthesia and then received Fluticasone propionate nasal spray for 8 weeks (400 mcg bd). Patients in the medical group were only prescribed with Fluticasone propionate with the same duration and same dose as mentioned. As a result of treatment protocol, both medical and surgical group experienced improvement in olfactory function but statistical analyses revealed that surgery resulted in better resolution of symptoms. Our observation revealed that combined treatment had a better effect than medical treatment in restoring olfaction in patients with nasal polyposis.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OBVAL, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
Introduction
Due to anti-inflammatory effects of vitamin D3, we aimed to explore the effects of supplementation with this vitamin on headache characteristics and serum levels of pro/anti-inflammatory ...markers in migraineurs.
Methods and materials
This placebo-controlled, double-blind study included 80 episodic migraineurs who randomly assigned into two equal groups to receive either daily dose of vitamin D3 2000 IU (50 μg) or placebo for 12 weeks. At baseline and after the trial, headache characteristics were determined using diaries and serum levels of interleukin (IL)-10, IL-6, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2) were assessed via ELISA method.
Results
At the end of trial, analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) adjusted for baseline values, and confounders revealed that vitamin D3 supplemented group experienced significantly lower headache days per month (4.71), reduced attacks duration (12.99 h/attack), less severe headaches (5.47, visual analog scale), and lower analgesics use/month (2.85) than placebo group (6.43, 18.32, 6.38 and 4.87, respectively) (
P
values < 0.05). Using ANCOVA adjusted for baseline levels and confounding variables, it was found that serum levels of IL-10 and Cox-2 did not significantly differ between groups after the experiment; whereas, iNOS serum level was significantly reduced in the intervention group (106.06 U/L) comparing to the controls (156.18 U/L
P
: 0.001). Also, the patients receiving vitamin D3 yielded a marginally significant lower IL-6 serum concentration (76.43 ng/L) compared to placebo (93.10 ng/L) (
P
value:0.055).
Conclusion
Based on the results of this study, we found that 2000 IU (50 μg)/day vitamin D3 supplementation for 12 weeks could improve headache characteristics and might reduce neuro-inflammation in episodic migraine.
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DOBA, EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, IZUM, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
Background: The B vitamins can potentially help prevent migraine. This study was designed to examine the effects of supplementation with thiamine (B1), pyridoxine (B6), cobalamin (B12), folic acid ...(B9), and a combination of these vitamins on women with episodic migraine (EM).
Methods: This study was a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized, clinical trial conducted on 120 women with EM. The participants were divided into the 6 groups of B1 (n = 20), B6 (n = 20), B12 (n = 20), B9 (n = 20), vitamin B complex (n = 20), and placebo (n = 20). Subjects received 1 capsule daily for 12 weeks. As part of the baseline and post-intervention phases, paper-based headache diaries were used to record the number of abortive drugs consumed and the frequency of headache attacks, and the Migraine Disability Assessment Questionnaire (MIDAS) was used to assess migraine disability.
Results: A 16-week study on women with EM revealed that the mean changes in the frequency of headache attacks decreased significantly in all vitamin groups in comparison with the placebo group (P < 0.001). In contrast to the placebo, there was also a significant improvement in the migraine disability score in each vitamin group (P < 0.001). The 12-week supplementation with vitamins B9, B1, B6, B12, and B complex also brought on a significant decrease in the use of abortive drugs compared to the placebo group (P = 0.032).
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that B1, B6, B12, and B9, and a combination of these vitamins could be effective as an adjuvant in treatment and prophylaxis of EM. Further large trials with long-term follow-ups will be required to confirm our results.
Background and Objectives: One of the reasons for fear of childbirth is the personality type. Given that fear of childbirth affects the psychological features of the mother and Since the study of the ...role of personality type A and type B in the fear of childbirth in Qom has not been done so far, this study was conducted to investigate the relationship between fear of childbirth and personality type in pregnant women. Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive-analytic study was performed on 355 pregnant women in Qom in 2018 in the second and third trimesters. Sampling method was Classify in this study. fear of childbirth questionnaire and Friedman personality type questionnaire were used in this study. Data were analyzed by SPSS software V.20 using independent T-test, chi-square, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient. Results: The mean age of mothers was 26±6/04 years with age range of 35-41 years. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between childbirth fear and personality type, so that the mean of fear of delivery in type B person was more than type A. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that in pregnant women with personality type B, fear of delivery is more. This fear can have negative effects both in the type of delivery and on the embryo. It is suggested that using Relaxing body regular exercises during the pregnancy reduce the pain and stress during labor.
Introduction: Vinegar is a popular condiment in the world that different materials and methods have been used to produce it. In Iran natural vinegar is also prepared mostly in a traditional way by ...using different fruits such as grapes and apples. Natural vinegar has beneficent properties and because of this, it is recommended to be used by traditional and Islamic medicine. Vinegar contains acetic acid bacteria, lactic acid bacteria and yeast. Acetic acid bacteria and yeasts are involved in the production of vinegar and lactic acid bacteria improve the flavor of vinegar. The aim of this study was isolation and identification of lactic acid bacteria especially Lactobacillus brevis from traditional vinegar. Materials and methods: After collecting a few traditional vinegars, the vinegar samples cultured for isolation of lactic acid bacteria on MRS broth and agar media contained nystatin as an anti-yeast antibiotic. Then some microbiological tests including catalase, gram staining and fermentation of carbohydrates were performed. Then, they were cultured at different temperatures, pH and different concentrations of salts. Finally, three isolates bacteria with biochemical properties of Lactobacillus brevis were evaluated by16 srDNA gene amplification. Results: Twelve lactobacilli were isolated from three vinegar samples. All isolated bacteria were catalase-negative and gram-positive. They could be able to grow at pH around 4.5 and 5.6, and at 2, 4 and 5.6% of salt concentrations. Most of the bacteria grew at 15oC, whereas one isolated grew at 45oC. Sequencing and Blast results showed that the three strains are Lactobacillus brevis. Discussion and conclusion: Lactobacillus brevis and Lactobacillus plantrum were found in traditional vinegars. Although isolation of Lactobacillus plantrum from vinegar was reported previously, as far as we could determine, it is for the first time that we could isolate Lactobacillus brevis from vinegar.
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