The research, titled (Health symptoms affecting the marriage contract between payment and withdrawal), aims to participate in developing appropriate solutions to reduce the rates of divorce and ...annulments that are growing day after day. The research relied on the inductive and analytical approach to the texts of jurists and examined their meanings and objectives. To achieve the objectives of this study. The research included an introduction, two sections, and a conclusion. The first section, Pictures of jurists’ attention to health symptoms affecting the marriage contract, contains two requirements. The second topic is the guardian’s right to organize a healthy marriage contract and its legal and theoretical supports, and it contains three demands. The researcher concluded that the health symptoms that require annulment between spouses are not limited to specific descriptions but rather everything that prevents enjoyment, causes alienation, reduces it, or affects the regularity of marital life, such as psychological illnesses, which are left to the discretion of the judge. He also concluded that a legal document was drawn up that gives the guardian the right to expand the conduct of medical examinations as needed and for the benefit of the public, provided that the contracting parties are not obligated to perform the results of the examinations and that they are left free to sign the marriage contract or withdraw from it. Thus, it is known that the medical examination before marriage is not a condition for the validity of the marriage contract but rather a condition for its legal documentation. Among the most important recommendations were health authorities continuing to raise awareness and educate the community about the necessity of adhering to the results of medical examinations that have health consequences for the individual, the family, and society, and the attention of the media and mosque preachers to spread awareness among people by disclosing the spouses’ faults before the marriage contract; To avoid or reduce division after the contract, and to urge universities to conduct studies to evaluate the results of the medical examination system, its positive or negative effects, and the means of treating them, through scientific dissertations, or scientific promotion research for faculty members.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Several universities are accelerating their tempo to navigate the rapidly changing environment towards the digital age. Previous literature has been interested in exploring the continuous trend of ...digital transformation, along with digital maturity models. However, there is still inconsiderable guidance for practitioners regarding the concrete frameworks and concepts for planning with the aim of accomplishing digital maturity. This study examines the reality of digital transformation maturity in Egyptian universities through the development of a digital maturity model based on the Logical Framework Approach (LFA) or goal-oriented project planning. This study has a double contribution, as follows: it provides university practitioners with a conceptual tool to analyze their challenges in the new landscape of digital transformation and provides valuable insights for researchers regarding the new emerging phenomena of digital maturity at the national level, in general, and universities, in particular. The results of the research indicate that the proposed digital maturity model includes seven dimensions, they are as follows: leadership, planning and management, quality assurance, scientific research, digital teaching and learning, community service, equipment and technological infrastructure, and technological culture. Universities can use the Developed Measurement Model for digital maturity to measure their current situation and to guide their strategies along the transition from digital transformation to digital maturity.
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BFBNIB, NUK, PILJ, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
•Solid state anaerobic digestion of fungal treated rice straw for biogas production.•Fungal pretreatment caused 33% of lignin loss led to methane yield increased by 120%.•Moisture content and ...incubation time significantly affected the lignin degradation.•Methane yield increased linearly with selectivity value in fungal pretreatment.
Rice straw was subjected to fungal pretreatment using Pleurotus ostreatus and Trichoderma reesei to improve its biodegradability and methane production via solid-state anaerobic digestion (SS-AD). Effects of moisture content (65%, 75% and 85%), and incubation time (10, 20 and 30d) on lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose degradation during fungal pretreatment and methane yield during anaerobic digestion were assessed via comparison to untreated rice straw. Pretreatment with P. ostreatus was most effective at 75% moisture content and 20d incubation resulting in 33.4% lignin removal and a lignin/cellulose removal ratio (selectivity) of 4.2. In comparison Trichoderma reesei was most effective at 75% moisture content and 20 d incubation resulting in 23.6% lignin removal and a lignin/cellulose removal ratio (selectivity) of 2.88. The corresponding methane yields were 263 and 214L/kg volatile solids (VS), which were 120% and 78.3% higher than for the untreated rice straw, respectively.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
One of the most well-known methods for unconstrained problems is the quasi-Newton approach, iterative solutions. The great precision and quick convergence of the quasi-Newton methods are well ...recognized. In this work, the new algorithm for the symmetric rank one SR1 method is driven.
The strong Wolfe line search criteria define the step length selection. We also proved the new quasi-Newton equation and positive definite matrix theorem. Preliminary computer testing on the set of fourteen unrestricted optimization test functions leads to the conclusion that this new method is more effective and durable than the implementation of classical SR1 method in terms of iterations count and functions.
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•Solid state anaerobic digestion of treated rice straw by combination pretreatments.•Methane yield increased linearly with lignin degradation in fungal pretreatment.•Incubation time ...during fungal pretreatment strongly affected total methane yield.•Combinations of fungal and milling pretreatment improve the methane yield by 165%.•Milling after fungal treatment increases methane yield compared to prior milling.
Rice straw was pretreated by different combinations of physical (milling) and biological (incubation with Pleurotus ostreatus fungus) treatment to improve its biodegradability and biogas production during solid-state anaerobic digestion (SS-AD). Effects of milling (⩽2mm) and incubation time (10, 20 and 30d), on lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose degradation during fungal pretreatment and methane yield during digestion were assessed by comparison with untreated rice straw. Both incubation time and milling had significant impacts on both lignin removal during fungal pre-treatment and methane yield during digestion. A combination of fungal pretreatment at 30days followed by milling prior to anaerobic digestion resulted in 30.4% lignin removal, the highest selectivity value (the ratio between relative lignin removal and relative cellulose removal) of 4.22, and the highest methane yield of 258L/kgVS. This was equivalent to a 165% increase in methane yield from SS-AD compared to untreated rice straw.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
This study evaluates the effects of Cannabidiol (CBD) on the physiology of stressed and non-stressed Nile tilapia, reared in a recirculating aquaculture system. Tilapia were fed with and without CBD ...(0.001% of feed weight) and with and without hydrocortisone stress hormone (0.01% of body weight) every day for four weeks. This experiment compared the plasma cortisol, blood glucose and protein levels, liver and spleen somatic indices (HSI and SSI, respectively), and lysozyme activity of the fish. Stress group (S) had a significantly higher value than the control group (C) in two of the parameters, glucose and lysozyme activity, this is an indication of stress. CBD had a stress reducing effect under stressed conditions in lysozyme activity. Although not significant, the stress reducing effect of CBD on stress biomarkers such as glucose and HSI also seemed promising. Further investigation into the matter may not just be useful in stress mediation in aquatic organisms but may also have implications in human medicine as well.
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Overwhelming evidence from prior research suggests a positive association between corporate board characteristics and carbon performance; however, very little is known about the mechanisms linking ...the two variables. This study attempts to fill this gap by developing and empirically testing a conceptual model that highlights the role of carbon strategy in the relationship between board environmental orientation (BEO) and carbon performance. We argue that BEO can directly and indirectly influence carbon performance through carbon strategy. Using structural equation modelling to analyse data consisting of 2,301 U.S. firm‐year observations over the 2005–2015 period, we find that the greater the BEO is, the better its carbon performance (i.e., lower greenhouse gas emissions). The results also provide evidence of the mediating effect of carbon strategy on the relationship between BEO and carbon performance. Splitting the sample into high and low carbon‐intensive industries shows a partial mediation effect in high carbon‐intensive industries and a full mediation effect in low carbon‐intensive industries. The findings of the study and its implications for scholars, policymakers, managers, investors, and environmentalists are discussed.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Urban development may increase the risk of future floods because of local changes in hydrological conditions and an increase in flood exposure that arises from an increasing population and expanding ...infrastructure within flood-prone zones. Existing urban land use change models generally consider the expansion process and do not consider the densification of existing urban areas. In this paper, we simulate 24 possible urbanization scenarios in Wallonia region (Belgium) until 2100. These scenarios are generated using an agent-based model that considers urban expansion and densification as well as development restrictions in flood-prone zones. The extents of inundation and water depths for each scenario are determined by the WOLF 2D hydraulic model for steady floods corresponding to return periods of 25, 50, and 100 years. Our results show that future flood damages and their spatial distributions vary remarkably from one urbanization scenario to another. A spatial planning policy oriented towards strict development control in flood-prone zones leads to a substantial mitigation of the increased flood damage. By contrast, a spatial planning policy exclusively oriented to infill development with no development restrictions in flood-prone zones would be the most detrimental in terms of exposure to flood risk. Our study enables the identification of the most sensitive locations for flood damage related to urban development, which can help in the design of more resilient spatial planning strategies and localize zones with high levels of flood risk for each scenario.
•We proposed agent-based model to simulate urban expansion and densification.•We evaluated the impacts of different spatial policies on flood damages.•The flood damages were overestimated by up to 105% with urban/nonurban classification.•We highlighted that the spatial policies have a substantial influence on flood risk.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
Four regions, including segregation (SE), dense (DE), transition (TR) and freeboard (FR), are found along height. The synergy angle is proposed to identify mixing/segregation of finer and coarse ...particles along DE height.
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•Hydrodynamics of supercritical water (SCW) and binary mixture are simulated using kinetic theory.•Four regions, including segregation (SE), transition (TR), freeboard (FR) and dense (DE), are proposed along height.•The synergy angle is proposed to identify mixing/segregation of finer and coarse particles along DE height.•The effect of SCW pressure, temperature and velocity on region heights and synergy angles is analyzed.
Numerical simulations are performed for investigating the mixing/segregation of flotsam component (FC) and jetsam component (JC) of binary mixture in supercritical water fluidized bed (SCW FB). The collisional interactions of FC and JC are modeled by means of the unequipartition of granular energies-based kinetic theory of granular mixture (KTGM). The distributions of segregation index are predicted at different SCW pressures and temperatures. Four regions named as the segregation (SE), dense (DE), transition (TR) and freeboard (FR) are defined along bed height. The synergy angle is proposed to measure the compromise in competition of mixing/ segregation of FC and JC along bed height. The synergy angles are determined from volume fractions of FC and JC in the DE region. The effect of SCW temperature and pressure on synergy angle and segregation index is investigated. The simulated results are analyzed according to the SCW pressure and temperature as well as inlet SCW fluidizing velocities. The simulated results suggest that the increase of SCW temperature and fluidizing velocity contribute the mixing of FC and JC binary mixture along bed height of SCW FBs.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
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