<p><i>Power Electronics for Renewable Energy, Transportation, and Industrial Applications</i> combines state-of-the-art global expertise to present the latest research on power ...electronics and its application in transportation, renewable energy, and different industrial applications. This timely book aims to facilitate the implementation of cutting-edge techniques to design problems offering innovative solutions to the growing power demands in small- and large-size industries.&#160; Application areas in the book range from smart homes and&#160; electric and plug-in hybrid electrical vehicles (PHEVs), to smart distribution and intelligence operation centers where significant energy efficiency improvements can be achieved through the appropriate use and design of power electronics and energy storage devices.&#160;</p> <p>Key features:&#160;</p> <ul> <li>Discusses wide range of power electronics converters and control techniques to reduce energy waste and improve grid power quality.</li> <li>Brings together power electronics technologies such as renewable energy conversion, electric transportation, and electric drives, which are prevalent in industry and at education and research stages.</li> <li>Defines existing challenges, concerns, and selected problems complying with international trends, standards, and programs for electric power conversion, distribution, and sustainable energy development.&#160;</li> <li>An imperative and far reaching learning resource for power electronics engineers, researchers, and students.</li> </ul>
Power Quality Singh, Bhim; Chandra, Ambrish; Al-Haddad, Kamal
2015, 2014-12-12
eBook
'Power Quality' comprehensively identifies, classifies, analyses and quantifies all associated power quality problems, including the direct integration of renewable energy sources in the distribution ...system, and systematically delivers mitigation techniques to overcome these problems.
In this article, an implementation of solar photovoltaic (PV) array powered grid-connected residential electric vehicle (EV) charger is presented, which caters the need of an EV, household loads, and ...the grid. The charger is enabled to operate autonomously using a PV array for providing an uninterruptible charging and power to household loads. However, in the absence of the PV array or insufficient PV array generation, the grid-connected mode of operation is presented. Moreover, the charger is supported with the synchronization and seamless mode switching control, so that the charger automatically connects/disconnects from the grid without disturbing the EV charging and household supply. The charger is also enabled with the vehicle-to-grid active/reactive power support to the grid and vehicle-to-home power transfer for supporting the local loads in an islanded condition. The charger is also controlled to operate as an active power filter for achieving the unity power factor operation and total harmonic distortion of the grid current within 5%. Moreover, for achieving energy management, a dc-link voltage regulation based energy management strategy is used and a sliding mode control is used for regulating the dc-link voltage. For satisfactory operation under distorted voltage condition, a second-order generalized integrator frequency-locked loop with dc offset rejection is used to generate the sinusoidal reference grid current. The charger is designed for a single-phase 230-V, 50-Hz grid and it is experimentally validated in the laboratory.
In this article, a solar photovoltaic (PV) array, a battery energy storage (BES), a diesel generator (DG) set, and a grid-based electric vehicle (EV) charging station (CS) is utilized to provide the ...incessant charging in islanded, grid-connected, and DG set connected modes. The CS is primarily designed to use the solar PV array and a BES to charge the EV battery. However, in case of exhausted storage battery and unavailable solar PV array generation, the CS intelligently takes power from the grid or DG set. However, the power from DG set is drawn in a manner that it always operates at 80%-85% loading to achieve maximum fuel efficiency under all loading conditions. Moreover, in coordination with the storage battery, the CS regulates the generator voltage and frequency without a mechanical speed governor. It also ensures that the power drawn from the grid or the DG set is at unity power factor even at nonlinear loading. Moreover, the point of common coupling voltage is synchronized to the grid/generator voltage to obtain the ceaseless charging. The CS also performs the vehicle to grid active/reactive power transfer, vehicle to home, and vehicle-to-vehicle power transfer for increasing the operational efficiency of the CS. The operation of the CS is experimentally validated using the prototype developed in the laboratory.
This paper proposes a novel single-dc-source multilevel inverter called Packed E-Cell (PEC) topology to achieve nine levels with noticeably reduced components count, while dc capacitors are actively ...balanced. The nine-level PEC (PEC9) is composed of seven active switches and two dc capacitors that are shunted by a four-quadrant switch to from the E-cell, and it makes use of a single dc link. With the proper design of the corresponding PEC9 switching states, the dc capacitors are balanced using the redundant charging/discharging states. Since the shunted capacitors are horizontally extended, both capacitors are simultaneously charged or discharged with the redundant states, so only the auxiliary dc-link voltage needs to be sensed and regulated to half of the input dc source voltage, and consequently, dc capacitors' voltages are inherently balanced to one quarter of the dc bus voltage. To this end, an active capacitor voltage balancing integrated to the level-shifted half-parabola carrier PWM technique has been designed based on the redundant charging/discharging states to regulate the dc capacitors voltages of PEC9. Furthermore, using the E-cell not only reduces components count but also the proposed topology permits multi ac terminal operation. Thus, five-level inverter operation can be achieved during the four-quadrant switch fault, which confers to the structure high reliability. The theoretical analysis as well as the experimental results are presented and discussed, showing the basic operation, multi-functionality, as well as the superior performance of the proposed novel PEC9 inverter topology.
Comprehensive Study of DSTATCOM Configurations Singh, Bhim; Jayaprakash, P.; Kothari, D. P. ...
IEEE transactions on industrial informatics,
05/2014, Volume:
10, Issue:
2
Journal Article
In this paper, different Distribution Static Compensators (DSTATCOMs) topologies, state of the art, their performance, design considerations, future developments, and potential applications are ...investigated for power quality improvement. These DSTATCOMs for three-phase three-wire systems and three-phase four-wire systems are developed and installed in the distribution system for many functions, such as reactive power compensation, harmonics elimination, load balancing, and neutral current compensation. This paper is aimed to explore a broad perspective on DSTATCOMs to researchers, engineers, and the community dealing with the power quality improvement. A classified list of some latest research publications is also provided for quick reference.
A proportional‐resonant (PR)‐based current control strategy for grid‐connected packed‐E cell (PEC) inverter is presented. Unlike the existing control strategies, which are based on ...proportional‐integral controller, developed for packed‐U cell and PEC inverters, the proposed PR‐based control strategy achieves zero steady‐state error in the grid current. Furthermore, it eliminates the necessity of employing the control loop for regulating the dc capacitor voltages. Also, the grid current synchronization is achieved by using a Lyapunov filter‐based phase locked loop (PLL). The consequence of using Lyapunov filter‐based PLL is that sinusoidal synchronization signal can be extracted from the distorted grid voltage. The performances of the proposed control strategy under steady‐state, load variation and non‐ideal grid voltage are investigated on a laboratory‐scale experimental prototype. It is reported that the control of both dc‐ and ac‐side variables of the system are accomplished.
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FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
This paper presents a comparative analysis of different energy management schemes for a fuel-cell-based emergency power system of a more-electric aircraft. The fuel-cell hybrid system considered in ...this paper consists of fuel cells, lithium-ion batteries, and supercapacitors, along with associated dc/dc and dc/ac converters. The energy management schemes addressed are state of the art and are most commonly used energy management techniques in fuel-cell vehicle applications, and they include the following: the state machine control strategy, the rule-based fuzzy logic strategy, the classical proportional-integral control strategy, the frequency decoupling/fuzzy logic control strategy, and the equivalent consumption minimization strategy. The main criteria for performance comparison are the hydrogen consumption, the state of charges of the batteries/supercapacitors, and the overall system efficiency. Moreover, the stresses on each energy source, which impact their life cycle, are measured using a new approach based on the wavelet transform of their instantaneous power. A simulation model and an experimental test bench are developed to validate all analysis and performances.
In this article, a back-stepping method (BSM) in a-b-c reference is presented to establish the stable operating conditions for modular multilevel converter (MMC). The designed BSM utilizes arm ...currents, sum of submodule capacitors voltages and MMC input energy as the main variables to form the energy functions. The proposed BSM is designed by well-known dynamic MMC equations to be applicable for both single- and three-phase ones while the control of variables is also guaranteed by BSM. A virtual control input containing input energy error and its dynamics is defined in the second energy function to further enhance the appropriate transient responses of the MMC. The proposed BSM has inherent feature of the circulating current suppression control loops which helps avoiding additional control loops. Moreover, several assessments are presented to show how BSM coefficients contribute to the noticeable decrement in control variables errors of the MMC system. Experimental and simulation results prove an excellent capability of BSM for controlling MMCs compared to the conventional PI linear controller. Moreover, the BSM robustness against the variations of the MMC circuit parameters is validated.
This paper proposes a novel sensor-less switching method based on logic gates for a five-level packed U-cell (PUC5) converter. It comprises only two level-shifted triangular carriers and logic gates. ...Hence, the number of triangular carriers is halved and the switching states table is eliminated, which cause remarkable reduction in complexity of the proposed modulation method. Moreover, employing the proposed sensor-less switching method leads to decrease in the PUC5 capacitor value by a factor of carrier ratio, fast self-balancing of the PUC5 capacitor voltage, and halving the output LC filter inductor and capacitor values in stand-alone mode, as well as the grid-link inductor value in grid-connected mode. In addition, the PUC5 converter start-up transient time is considerably decreased and the first switching harmonic cluster frequency is doubled, which lead to notable improvement of steady-state and dynamic performances of the PUC5 converter. The proposed sensor-less switching method has been implemented in both stand-alone and grid-connected operating modes of PUC5 converter. Provided simulation and experimental results verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed sensor-less switching method as well as its improved dynamic and steady-state performances in both stand-alone and grid-connected modes.
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