To improve the heat efficiency base fluids (water, engine oil, glycol), the interaction of nanoparticles (nanotubes, droplets, nanowires, metals and non-metals) into such traditional liquids is the ...most frequent mechanism and attained the researchers attention, especially in current decade. The nanofluid is a suspension of submerged solid particles in base fluids. The nano-materials convinced the applications in the field of nanotechnology, thermal engineering, industrial and bio-engineering. Following to such motivating applications in mind, current research reports the stagnation point flow of radiative micropolar nanofluid over an off centered rotating disk with applications of motile microorganisms. The novel dynamic of thermal radiation and activation energy are also incorporated. The appropriate transformations are utilized to reduce the partial differential equations into dimensionless forms. A numerical shooting scheme is used to obtain the approximate solution with MATLAB software. The effects of prominent parameter on velocity profile, nanofluid temperature, concentration of nanoparticles and microorganism profile are physically incorporated.
Full text
Available for:
GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
The topic of fluid flow through disks is important due to a broad range of its applications in industries, engineering, and scientific fields. The objective of the current article is to analyze the ...bioconvective micropolar nanofluid flow between the coaxial, parallel, and radially stretching double disks in the occurrence of gyrotactic motile microorganisms with convective thermal boundary conditions. Darcy–Forchheimer medium is considered between the double disks that allow the flow horizontally with additional effects of porosity and friction. The flow is also considered under the impacts of thermal conductivity and thermal radiations. The influence of gyrotactic microorganisms is accommodated through the bioconvection, which increases the strength of thermal transportation. Furthermore, the Cattaneo-Christov heat flux theory is also accounted. The flow model is trans moved into a system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) utilizing appropriate similarity transformation functions. The bvp4c technique has been used to solve the transformed flow model. The implication of some prominent physical and bioconvection parameters on velocities, microrotation, thermal field, volumetric concentration of nanoparticles, and microorganisms’ fields are presented through graphs and tabular ways. It is observed that the stretching ratio parameter of the disks accelerates the axial and micro rotational velocities of the nanofluid. In contrast, the stretching Reynolds number slows down the radial velocity near the plane’s center. The temperature profile goes high against the Brownian motion, thermal radiation, and thermal conductivity parameters, while an inverse trend has been observed for increasing magnitudes of Prandtl number. The nanoparticles concentration profile is upsurged against the thermophoresis parameter. The density profile of gyrotactic motile microorganisms is de-escalated by the Peclet number and the bioconvection Lewis number. Micropolar parameters cause an increase of couple stresses and a decrement in shear stresses. A comparison with published work is provided under certain limitations to test the validity of numerical scheme accuracy.
Full text
Available for:
GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Due to their wide range of applications in heat transport phenomena, researchers all over the world have completed theoretical and experimental works to examine the relevance of nanofluid. Nanofluids ...are made up of nanoparticles suspended in a base fluid. By incorporating nanoparticles into the base fluid, heat capacity and heat transfer rate are enhanced. The heat transfer improvement by using nanofluid is an advance category of heat transport increment. Keeping such effectiveness in mind, the current analysis is provided. The importance of heat transfer improvement and thermal engineering application is considered in the current analysis. In current article, a mathematical model is developed to scrutinize the magnetic-field and melting process aspects in thermal transport in blood-based hybrid nanofluids with different nano-sized particles of aluminum alloys AA7072-AA7075 in a revolving channel. Simultaneous impacts of heat sink/source and thermally-radiation have been considered and discussed. The melting and convective conditions are used in order to make the study more interesting. The obtained system is condensed in order to model the proposed problem in non-linear PDEs. The set of governing PDEs with boundary conditions are made dimensionless by applying suitable similarity-transformations. Afterword such dimensionless ODEs are computed numerical with aid of bvp4c solver (shooting technique) in MATLAB software. The significant findings of velocity and temperature fields against prominent parameters are also described through graphical representations. From the significant findings, we watched that radial-velocity of fluid is decayed with increasing magnetic-number while boosts up for rotational parameter. Larger Reynolds number decreases the tangential velocity of blood-based hybrid nanofluids. Temperature distribution has opposite impact for thermal Biot numbers for upper and lower walls.
Full text
Available for:
GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
A mathematical modeling is explored to scrutinize the unsteady stagnation point flow of Oldroyd-B nanofluid under the thermal conductivity and solutal diffusivity with bioconvection mechanism. ...Impacts of Joule heating and Arrhenius activation energy including convective boundary conditions are studied, and the specified surface temperature and constant temperature of wall (CTW) are discussed. The consequences of thermal conductivity and diffusivity are also taken into account. The flow is generated through stretchable disk geometry, and the behavior of non-linear thermal radiation is incorporated in energy equation. The partial differential equations governing the fluid flow in the structure is reduced into dimensionless nonlinear ODEs by applying suitable similarity variables. The obtained system of non-dimensional nonlinear ODEs is treated numerically with the help of bvp4c solver in Matlab under shooting algorithm. The impact of various prominent parameters on velocity profile, thermal profile, volumetric nanoparticle concentration and microorganism distribution is depicted in graphical form. The numerical outcomes for skin friction coefficient, heat transfer rate, Sherwood number as well as microorganism density number versus various parameters are listed in the tables. The results show that fluid velocity is reduced by increasing buoyancy ratio parameter, while the fluid flow increases with mixed convective parameter. The temperature profile is enhanced with the amount of nonlinear thermal radiation and temperature dependent thermal conductivity. Furthermore, concentration profiles of nanoparticles have opposite behavior for Brownian motion coefficient and thermophoresis diffusion parameter, and it is noticed that by varying Peclet number the microorganisms profile is declined. The proposed study is useful to control and optimize heat transfer in industrial applications.
Researchers and scientists were inspired by the enormous reactions from industry about heat transformation enhancements due to the entropy generation. The entropy generation shows as a extremes for ...complex mechanisms like solid state physics, two-phase flows, electro-magnetic air conditioning, and economic evaluation of manufacturing processes, as well as biological technologies chemistry, including biochemistry. We note here that many thermal mechanisms are related to the irreversibility system. The current work focused on the entropy generation impacts in viscous magnetized mono-nanofluids flow between stretchable rotating disks. Ferro and copper are considered as nanoparticles and Blood as a base fluid. The Darcy-Forchheimer porous medium and joule heating effects are considered. For simplifying the current analysis, suitable transformation were introduced in the mathematical description to renovate the partial differential equations (PDE’s) into coupled ordinary ones. To solve the resulting ODEs well-known numerical algorithm bvp4c is used in Matlab in the light of Lobatto-IIIA formula. The consequence of sundry parameters against velocity components, pressure field, temperature distribution and entropy generation are described graphically.
Full text
Available for:
GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Nanofluid flow has gained attention due to its promising applications in numerous industries. Nanofluids exhibit a significant advantage over conventional fluids due to their superior heat transfer ...capability, attributed to the presence of nanoparticles that enhance thermal conductivity, resulting in improved heat dissipation and efficiency. Current research aims to numerically investigate the impact of homogeneity and heterogeneity on the mixed convection flow of incompressible viscous nanofluids through a vertically permeable cylinder under suction/injection circumstances. The study also considers thermal radiation and heat source/sink phenomena. Ethylene glycol is utilized as base fluid, while nanoparticles include silicon carbide SiC and Titanium dioxide TiO2. The mathematical flow model, based on nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs), is converted into ordinary differential equations (ODEs) by using suitable similarity transformations that pronounced nonlinear system of ODEs. To deal with this nonlinear system, the bvp4c and shooting methods are used in the commercial software MATLAB to solve these ODEs numerically. The impacts of flow parameters on various quantities of interest are elaborated graphically. From obtained results it is analyzed that velocity field boosts up versus higher values of nanoaprticle volume fraction. The velocity field is decreases with increasing the amount of magnetic field. An increase in the thermal field is observe with a rise in the thermal radiation parameter. The good agreement between current results and published work is noted.
Full text
Available for:
GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
In this research article, the behavior of 2D non-Newtonian Sutterby nanofluid flow over the parabolic surface is discussed. In boundary region of surface buoyancy-driven flow occurred due to ...considerable temperature differences produced by the reaction happen between Sutterby nanofluid and catalyst at the surface. Free convection which is sighted easily on the parabolic surface is initiated by reaction on the catalyst surface modeled the 1st order activation energy. Applications of parabolic surfaces are upper cover of bullet, car bonnet, and air crafts. Under discussion flow is modelled mathematically by implementing law of conservation of microorganism's concentration, momentum, mass and heat. The governing equations of the system is of the form of non-linear PDE's. By the use of similarity transform, the governing PDE`s transformed as non-dimensional ODE's. The resultant system of non-dimensional ODE's are numerically solved by built-in function MATLAB package named as 'bvp4c'. Graphical representation shows the influence of different parameters in the concentration, velocity, microorganisms and temperature profiles of the system. In temperature profile, we examined the impact of thermophoresis coefficient Nt (0.1, 0.5, 1.0), Prandtl number Pr (2.0, 3.0, 4.0), and Brownian motion variable Nb (0.1, 0.3, 0.5). Velocity profile depends on the non-dimensional parameters i.e. (Deborah number De & Hartmann number Ha) and found that these numbers (De, Ha) cause downfall in profile. Furthermore, mass transfer, skin friction, and heat transfer rates are numerically computed. The purpose of the study is to enumerate the significance of parabolic surfaces for the transport of heat and mass through the flow of bio-convective Sutterby nanofluid.
Full text
Available for:
IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
This research presents the bioconvection flow of third grade nanofluid confined by a stretched cylinder in presence of thermal radiation, heat absorption/generation phenomenon, activation energy and ...exponential space-based heat source. The famous Buongiorno nanofluid is used applications to access the Brownian motion and thermophoresis effects. The problem is formulated in terms of partial differential equations by using the fundamental laws. The dimensionless form of problem is obtained equations by using suitable transformation. Later on, the numerical outcomes for the couple of discretized system are obtained by employing the powerful numerical shooting algorithm. Since this investigation is based on some theoretical flow assumptions, therefore each physical parameter specified some constant range like 0.1≤β1≤1.2,0.4≤β2≤1.2,0.1≤β3≤1.2,0.2≤Re≤0.8,0.1≤λ≤1.4,0.1≤M≤1.2,0.1≤Nr≤1.2,0.1≤Nc≤1.3,0.0≤Rd≤0.8,2.0≤Pr≤5.0,0.1≤Nb≤0.25,0.1≤Nt≤0.4,1.5≤θw≤1.8,1.2≤Le≤2.4,0.1≤E≤0.4,1.2≤Lb≤2.4,0.1≤Pe≤1.2,0.1≤δ1≤0.6,0.1≤λ1≤0.4,. 0.1≤λ2≤0.4,0.2≤λ3≤0.5. The physical significance of prominent parameters versus subjective flow profiles are graphically underlined with physical justifications. It is observed that presence of exponential space-based heat source and heat source parameter is more useful to improve the nanofluid temperature. An increment in nanofluid concentration is observed with solutal Biot number and activation energy parameter. Moreover, the microorganisms profile decline with bioconvection Lewis number while reverse trend is observed for microorganism stratification Biot number.
•Bio-convective flow of third grade nanofluid over stretching cylinder is examined.•The exponential space-based heat source and activation energy features are incorporated.•The solution of problem is computed numerically via shooting technique.•It is noted that heat transfer rate is enhanced with stratification Biot number, exponential heat source parameter.•The change in heat and mass pattern is more progressive for flow due to stretched cylinder as compared to flat plate.
Full text
Available for:
GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Electronics devices growth in the last decade of the twentieth century ushered in a revolution inside the electronics segment. Continuous micro-sizes and operation cause these devices to heat up, ...resulting in a reduction in their performance or damage to their parts. Because heat can decrease device performance and life span while also wasting energy, offering an incorporated and effective cooling system has become a significant part of the design of device equipment. One of the key challenges of modern generation technology is the cooling of electronic devices. Nanofluids have attracted attention in a broad range of engineering implementations due to their great properties, which may be used to effectively cool devices while also improving energy efficiency. In view of the above defects, this numerical research object to examine the chip surface temperature, heat transfer rate, thermal resistance, Darcy friction factor and reliability of microelectronic chips in minichannel heat sinks is scrutinized by utilizing a Formula: see text/water nanofluid as a coolant and comparing the nanoliquid outcomes with the outcomes of water. Formula: see text/Water nanofluids at 1%, 2% and 3% volume concentrations are employed for this scrutinization. Here, a commercial CFD ANSYS (R19.2) FLUENT software package is used to analyze the electronic chip performance. The CFD ANSYS (R19.2) FLUENT software package is used for modeling, meshing and simulation of the current study.
Full text
Available for:
IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Nanofluids become significant in the mass and heat transfer models, especially in engineering problems. Current proceedings focused on the bioconvective Maxwell nanofluid flow passing through the ...permeable stretchable sheet contingent to nield boundary conditions involving effects of activation energy and thermal radiation. Various physical quantities are involved in this mechanism like magnetic field, thermophoresis, and Brownian motion. The main objective of the study is to report the heat and mass transport in the existence of motile microorganisms. In a mathematical perspective, this structured physical model is going to govern with the help of partial differential equations (PDEs). These governing PDEs are then converted into dimensionless ordinary differential equations form by utilizing appropriate similarity transformations. For numerical results, the shooting technique with 'bvp4c' built-in package of MATLAB was implemented. Computed results are then visualized graphically and discussed effects of involving physical variables on the nano-fluid flow profiles are comprehensively. From results, it has been concluded that the fluid flow velocity, temperature, concentration, and microorganism density profiles show escalation on increasing the numeric values of porosity, thermophoresis, buoyancy ratio, bioconvection Rayleigh, Peclet number parameters and decrement reported due to increasing the counts of Prandtl number, magnetic field, radiation, Brownian motion, Lewis number as evident from figures. The numerical outcomes observed by fixing the physical parameters as Formula: see text, Formula: see text, Formula: see text, Formula: see text, Formula: see text, Formula: see text, Formula: see text, Formula: see text. Magnetic field and Brownian motion create retardation impact due to the liquid momentum. In tables, the numerical values of Skin friction, Nusselt number, Sherwood number, and microorganisms density number are presented and also comparison table of our computed results and already published results is included for the validation.
Full text
Available for:
IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
PDF
