Highlights • First known systematic review reporting the impact of pharmacist immunizers on vaccination rates. • Limited number of randomized controlled trials and high quality studies. • Pharmacist ...involvement in immunization services increased vaccine coverage rates.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
Metallic contamination in seafood, especially fish, has been of increasing concern to human health. Moreover, with increasing dependency on farmed fish for fish resources, the metallic contamination ...in them is still questionable. This study aimed to investigate the effects of cooking (steaming) on heavy metal concentration in farmed fish and to estimate its potential human health risk. Farmed sea basses (Lates calcarifer) from Setiu Lagoon were used to study the difference in metal uptake through human consumption of raw and cooked (steamed) fish samples. Selected heavy metals, namely copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg) and lead (Pb), were measured using ICP-MS following Teflon bomb closed digestion of the fish samples. Cooking of the fish muscle by steaming was applied to investigate if cooking changes the concentration of heavy metals. Mercury and As were found accumulated more notably in the fish muscle, though only Hg was found to show significant (p > 0.05) increase when L. calcarifer is cooked. The amount of As in the fish muscle throughout its growth can be potentially harmful to humans, with the highest averaged concentration at 3.29 ± 0.65 mg/kg dw. above the standard set by the Malaysian Food Regulation (1985) of >1 mg/kg. All the other heavy metals were at relatively safe concentrations well below the standard set by both national and international guidelines. The PTWI per individual of L. calcarifer for As was at 0.84 mg/kg bw., which indicated that the amount of this fish safe for consumption without any adverse effect is 170 g/week. Therefore, long-term intake of these fish may pose a risk to human health due to the relatively higher Hg and As concentration found in these fishes.
•Higher levels of arsenic were found in farmed fish from Setiu Lagoon.•Steaming was used as a representation of cooking to see its effect on metal concentration in the fish.•Cooking shows significant but small changes in the concentration of metals in the fish muscle.•Estimation of human health risk from consumption of the fish
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
3.
Allicin and Cancer Hallmarks Talib, Wamidh H; Baban, Media Mohammed; Azzam, Aya O ...
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland),
03/2024, Volume:
29, Issue:
6
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
Natural products, particularly medicinal plants, are crucial in combating cancer and aiding in the discovery and development of new therapeutic agents owing to their biologically active compounds. ...They offer a promising avenue for developing effective anticancer medications because of their low toxicity, diverse chemical structures, and ability to target various cancers. Allicin is one of the main ingredients in garlic (
L.). It is a bioactive sulfur compound maintained in various plant sections in a precursor state. Numerous studies have documented the positive health benefits of this natural compound on many chronic conditions, including gastric, hepatic, breast, lung, cervical, prostate, and colon cancer. Moreover, allicin may target several cancer hallmarks or fundamental biological traits and functions that influence cancer development and spread. Cancer hallmarks include sustained proliferation, evasion of growth suppressors, metastasis, replicative immortality, angiogenesis, resistance to cell death, altered cellular energetics, and immune evasion. The findings of this review should provide researchers and medical professionals with a solid basis to support fundamental and clinical investigations of allicin as a prospective anticancer drug. This review outlines the anticancer role of allicin in each hallmark of cancer.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Background Lichen sclerosus (LS) is a lymphocyte-mediated chronic cutaneous disorder with a predilection for the vulva. The current gold standard treatment is topical ultrapotent corticosteroids such ...as clobetasol. Objective We sought to compare the safety and efficacy of clobetasol and pimecrolimus in the treatment of vulvar LS. Methods This double-blind, randomized trial enrolled 38 women with biopsy-proven vulvar LS. This study consisted of a 2-week screening period and a 12-week treatment period. The primary efficacy variable was the change in inflammation, as determined by a dermatopathologist, on the biopsy specimens obtained at screening and at the week 12 visit. Secondary efficacy variables included the change from baseline in pruritus and burning/pain as assessed by patients using a visual analog scale and a clinical evaluation by the investigator. Results Clobetasol was found to be superior in improving inflammation when compared with pimecrolimus ( P = .015). Both groups showed improvement in pruritus and burning/pain but this difference was not statistically significant ( P = .32 and .93, respectively). Both clobetasol and pimecrolimus were found to be effective in decreasing both the total score on the Investigator Global Assessment ( P = .001) and all 3 subscales. Serum levels of pimecrolimus and clobetasol did not approach levels of concern during the study period. No adverse events were reported. Limitations This study was limited by the relatively short study duration. Conclusion Both clobetasol and pimecrolimus appear efficacious and well tolerated for the treatment of vulvar LS; however, clobetasol is more effective than pimecrolimus and should remain first-line therapy for LS.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
Two large-scale yeast two-hybrid screens were undertaken to identify protein-protein interactions between full-length open reading frames predicted from the Saccharomyces cerevisiae genome sequence. ...In one approach, we constructed a protein array of about 6,000 yeast transformants, with each transformant expressing one of the open reading frames as a fusion to an activation domain. This array was screened by a simple and automated procedure for 192 yeast proteins, with positive responses identified by their positions in the array. In a second approach, we pooled cells expressing one of about 6,000 activation domain fusions to generate a library. We used a high-throughput screening procedure to screen nearly all of the 6,000 predicted yeast proteins, expressed as Gal4 DNA-binding domain fusion proteins, against the library, and characterized positives by sequence analysis. These approaches resulted in the detection of 957 putative interactions involving 1,004 S. cerevisiae proteins. These data reveal interactions that place functionally unclassified proteins in a biological context, interactions between proteins involved in the same biological function, and interactions that link biological functions together into larger cellular processes. The results of these screens are shown here.
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DOBA, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Heavy metals content in seafood, especially fish species has been of increasing concern to the human health. Nowadays, with increasing dependency towards farmed fish for sources of dietary protein ...and essential minerals, this heavy metals contamination in fishes are still questionable. This study aimed to investigate the accumulation of heavy metals in farmed fish, Lates calcarifer different organs from Setiu tropical coastal lagoon, Terengganu, Malaysia throughout its out-growing phase in the farm from the fingerling release up to their marketable size. Selected heavy metals namely Cu (Max:291.5±99.31), Zn (Max: 84.89±12.76), As (Max: 26.01±5.170), Cd (Max: 1.634±0.014), Hg (Max: 0.165±0.029) and Pb (Max: 0.634±0.550) in the fish was analyzed using ICP-MS after Teflon bomb closed digestion. The metal accumulation in each organ were generally found in the order of liver > gill > muscle. The concentrations of Cd and Zn in the liver were found to increase with fish size in each organ based on the association found in the principal component analysis (PCA). Meanwhile the overall findings observed negative correlation with L. calcarifer growth in fish size for all other heavy metals and organs. The amount of As in the fish muscle throughout its growth can be potentially harmful to humans with the highest averaged concentration at 3.29±0.65 mg/kg dw above the standard set by the Malaysian Food Regulation (1985) of more than 1 mg/kg. Meanwhile, all the other heavy metals were relatively safe and the concentrations well below the standard set by both national and international guidelines.
Abstract
Partial shading conditions (PSC) are unavoidable and are the main reason for the reduction in power from a photovoltaic (PV) array. With proper arrangement, the impact of PSC can be somewhat ...mitigated. There are distinct types of configurations, including series, parallel, series-parallel (SP), honeycomb, total cross-tied (TCT), etc. This article presents a novel SP–TCT configuration to maximize output power from PV panels under different shading conditions. The proposed configuration performance has been examined considering a 4 × 4 PV array under long-narrow and long-wide, short-narrow, short-wide and uniform shading conditions. The results of the proposed configurations are compared with existing configurations in terms of performance measures such as maximum power, fill factor, efficiency and mismatch losses. In all the cases, performance of the proposed configuration is nearer to the TCT configuration performance. The percentage improvement in terms of efficiency for the proposed novel SP–TCT configuration and TCT configuration is nearly 1.6% compared to other methods.
The current study was carried out to investigate the toxic effects of aflatoxin B1 exposure on heart, lung, and testis of male Albino rats. Twelve healthy male Albino rats were used in the current ...study. They were divided equally into 2 groups (control and treated groups). The treated group was given aflatoxin B1 orally by a gastric tube at concentration 0.5 mg per kg of body weight for 7 day. The control group was given distilled water alone. At the end of experiment (1 week), the rats were killed under ether anesthesia and the internal organs(heart, lung, and testis) were collected immediately for histological examination. The histopathology examination in heart revealed that there is oedema between myocardial. In lung, there is a large number of inflammatory cells and dilated the alveolar sac with exudates. The testis revealed the excessive vacuolated cells and suppression spermatogenesis. In conclusion, oral dose of aflatoxin B1 exposure could induce a deleterious effect on the histological structure of the heart, lung, and testis of male Albino rats. High level of attention must be taken to prevent the possible contamination of our food with aflatoxin B1.
El nitrógeno es un nutrimento esencial para las plantas y el elemento más requerido en hortalizas de hoja, por lo que es importante conocer sus niveles en relación con la formación de clorofila y ...producción de biomasa. El objetivo de esta investigación fueestimar, mediante medidores portátiles no destructivos, la concentración de clorofila y relacionarla con los niveles de nitrógeno y de biomasa fresca en arúgula (Eruca sativaL.). La investigación se realizó en un invernadero donde las plantas fueron sometidas a diferentes dosis de fertilización nitrogenada empleando cinco tratamientos de N-NO3(0, 4, 8, 12 y 16 meq·L-1), con base en la solución nutritiva de Steiner. Se realizaron evaluaciones semanales en las plantas hasta 42días después del trasplante utilizando los medidores SPAD, atLEAF y MC-100, junto a determinaciones en el laboratorio de los niveles de clorofila, nitrógeno y biomasa fresca por planta. Los resultados mostraron que la relación entre lecturas SPAD, nitrógeno, clorofilay materia fresca fue positiva y significativa, con coeficientes de correlación de 0,93-0,97; para lecturas atLEAF, se observaron relaciones similares, con coeficientes de correlación de 0,96-0,99. Las relaciones entre lecturas SPAD, atLEAF y MC-100 fueronpositivasy significativas, con coeficientes de correlación de 0,97-0,98. Esto indica que estos medidores son instrumentos válidos para estimar in-situel estado de clorofila y nitrógeno en el cultivo de arúgula de manera no destructiva, rápida y precisa.
Bioenabled inorganic synthesis is common in nature, in materials such as bone, diatoms, and abalone shells. The synthesis of the inorganic phase of these materials occurs at or near room temperature ...and atmospheric pressure and in aqueous conditions, and is achieved through the concerted actions of multiple proteins. Yet such hierarchically ordered, three-dimensional structures that can be so faithfully replicated in nature are difficult to duplicate with our current knowledge of nanomaterials synthesis. Thus, there is a growing interest in using proteins to direct the nucleation and growth of inorganic materials.
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