In this work, the interactions between the Na neutral atom and Na+ ion and three nanostructures such as sumanene (SM), corannulene (CN), and nanosheet were investigated. The main goal of this work is ...to calculate the cell voltage (V) for Na−ion batteries, NIBs. The total energies, geometry optimizations, and density of states (DOS) diagrams were studied by using M06−2X level and 6−31+G(d,p) basis set. The DFT calculations indicated that the energy adsorption between Na+ ion and nanostructures, Ead,were increased in the order:SM-i > Sheet > CN-i > CN > SM. Nevertheless, the Vcell for SM has obtained the highest value. The Vcell of NABs are increased in the order: SM > CN > Sheet > SM-i > CN-i.This research theoretically described the possible uses of the mentioned nanostructures as anode the anodes in Na−ion Batteries.
It has been estimated that 60,000 Iranians have been infected with HIV/AIDS and only 36% of them are aware of their status. This study aimed to design, implement and evaluate a social marketing ...campaign to promote HIV testing in Boyer-Ahmad County, Kohgiluyeh, and Boyer-Ahmad Province, southwest of Iran.
This study was a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest without a control group, developed based on a social marketing assessment and response tool. To design the intervention formative research was conducted, comprised of four focus group discussion sessions with 42 participants of the target community along with seven in-depth semi-structured personal interviews with health care providers involved in the HIV/AIDS Program. Data analysis was done manually using content analysis and the main content was formulated for the campaign. Afterward, the slogan and messages of the campaign were developed. The campaign's materials including banners, posters, pamphlets, referral forms, and short messages were designed, pretested, and revised. Ultimately, the campaign was conducted for one month in October 2019. To determine the effectiveness of the campaign, the rate of referrals to the Center for Behavioral Health Counseling Services (CBHCS), for three months before and after the campaign, was compared.
Qualitative findings identified that the majority of the interviewees mentioned that the main reasons for the low rate of referrals to get tested for HIV were lack of awareness and information about HIV/AIDS and its diagnosis as well as the free and confidential tests available from the CBHCS. Moreover, the stigma associated with HIV/AIDS was another important reason for low referrals for testing. The rate of referrals for HIV testing in the three months leading up to the campaign was 18, 32, and 23 people, and three months after the campaign was 64, 81, and 44 individuals; respectively. The results of the multivariate analysis demonstrated that the campaign had increased the rates of referrals for HIV testing through its significant influence on females, and individuals with academic degrees.
It can be concluded that the social marketing campaign was successful in persuading people to get tested for HIV.
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Abstract
Feature selection (marker gene selection) is widely believed to improve clustering accuracy, and is thus a key component of single cell clustering pipelines. Existing feature selection ...methods perform inconsistently across datasets, occasionally even resulting in poorer clustering accuracy than without feature selection. Moreover, existing methods ignore information contained in gene-gene correlations. Here, we introduce DUBStepR (
D
etermining the
U
nderlying
B
asis using
Step
wise
R
egression), a feature selection algorithm that leverages gene-gene correlations with a novel measure of inhomogeneity in feature space, termed the Density Index (DI). Despite selecting a relatively small number of genes, DUBStepR substantially outperformed existing single-cell feature selection methods across diverse clustering benchmarks. Additionally, DUBStepR was the only method to robustly deconvolve T and NK heterogeneity by identifying disease-associated common and rare cell types and subtypes in PBMCs from rheumatoid arthritis patients. DUBStepR is scalable to over a million cells, and can be straightforwardly applied to other data types such as single-cell ATAC-seq. We propose DUBStepR as a general-purpose feature selection solution for accurately clustering single-cell data.
MG, an organic compound composed of triphenyl methane, is often widely used in various industries, especially in the food, pharmaceutical and textile industries. This study emphasizes the green ...synthesis of novel magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles-loaded sawdust carbon (Fe
3
O
4
/SC) and their effect on the removal of MG from the aqueous solution. To obtain the optimum conditions of MG removal using the Box–Behnken model, the independent variables such as the initial MG concentration (10–100 mg/L), pH (3–9), reaction time (10–60 min), and Fe
3
O
4
/SC nanocomposites dose (0.2–1 g/L) were experimented. According to the quadratic model, the highest removal rate (89.22%) was found at the pH of 8.62, the contact time of 59.86 min, the Fe
3
O
4
/SC ncs dose of 0.59 g /L and the MG level of 17.62 mg/L. The MG removal rate follows the pseudo-second-order model and the Langmuir model. The maximum absorption capacity for MG was 41.66 mg/g. These findings suggest that the Fe
3
O
4
/SC ncs has a significant potential for the MG adsorption from aqueous solution.
Apart from a role as a key regulator of calcium/phosphate homeostasis, vitamin D (Vit D) is suggested to be a potential player in nervous system growth and function. This study aimed to assess the ...impacts of Vit D administration on memory impairment, oxidative damage, and acetylcholinesterase (AchE) overactivity in hypothyroid juvenile rats. The animals were randomly grouped as (1) Control; (2) Hypothyroid; (3) Hypothyroid-Vit D100, and (4) Hypothyroid-Vit D 500. Propylthiouracil (PTU) was added to their drinking water (0.05%) for 6 weeks, and Vit D (100 or 500 IU/kg) treatment was performed daily by gavage. Morris water maze (MWM) and passive avoidance (PA) tests were performed. The brains were removed under deep anesthesia, then the hippocampal and cortical tissues were separated to assess biochemical parameters. Hypothyroidism was significantly associated with learning and memory impairment in MWM and PA tests. Hypothyroidism was also accompanied by an elevation in AChE activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content and a reduced level of thiol content and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the brain. Treatment with Vit D recovered hypothyroidism-induced cognitive impairment and improved memory performance in MWM and PA tasks. On the other hand, Vit D alleviated AChE activity and MDA level, whereas increased SOD activity and thiol content in the hippocampal and cortical tissues. In conclusion, these outcomes suggest an association between the oral administrations of Vit D and learning and memory improvement of hypothyroid rats, which was accompanied by decreasing AChE activity and brain tissue oxidative damage.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
We present a novel Deep Learning method for the Unsupervised Clustering of DNA Sequences (DeLUCS) that does not require sequence alignment, sequence homology, or (taxonomic) identifiers. DeLUCS uses ...Frequency Chaos Game Representations (FCGR) of primary DNA sequences, and generates "mimic" sequence FCGRs to self-learn data patterns (genomic signatures) through the optimization of multiple neural networks. A majority voting scheme is then used to determine the final cluster assignment for each sequence. The clusters learned by DeLUCS match true taxonomic groups for large and diverse datasets, with accuracies ranging from 77% to 100%: 2,500 complete vertebrate mitochondrial genomes, at taxonomic levels from sub-phylum to genera; 3,200 randomly selected 400 kbp-long bacterial genome segments, into clusters corresponding to bacterial families; three viral genome and gene datasets, averaging 1,300 sequences each, into clusters corresponding to virus subtypes. DeLUCS significantly outperforms two classic clustering methods (K-means++ and Gaussian Mixture Models) for unlabelled data, by as much as 47%. DeLUCS is highly effective, it is able to cluster datasets of unlabelled primary DNA sequences totalling over 1 billion bp of data, and it bypasses common limitations to classification resulting from the lack of sequence homology, variation in sequence length, and the absence or instability of sequence annotations and taxonomic identifiers. Thus, DeLUCS offers fast and accurate DNA sequence clustering for previously intractable datasets.
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
We herein report the preparation of constitutional isomers of pentahydroxy-functionalized pillar5arenes via the deprotection of their benzylated derivatives by catalytic hydrogenation. The ...structures of the obtained isomers were then established using single crystal X-ray diffraction. We also found that the yield distribution of the different constitutional isomers was dependent on the nature of the substitution, as revealed by HPLC analysis of the crude mixture. Finally, further characterization of the separated constitutional isomers indicated that they possess different melting points, NMR spectra, crystal structures, and stacking patterns in the solid state.
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IJS, KILJ, NUK, PNG, UL, UM
This study aimed to identify the quality of web pages retrieved by Parsijoo and Parseek Persian search engines and Google to respond to students' course-related queries. This study was conducted ...using evaluations from a researcher-made checklist. The first population included Persian and Google search engines selected from Persian, Parsijoo, and Parseek search engines. The second population included the keywords of the section for collecting data from the fourth, fifth, and sixth-grade elementary school science textbooks, from which 12 keywords were selected by simple random sampling. The third population included web pages retrieved for each keyword by search engines. From the first ten results retrieved in each keyword search, relevant pages were selected as the sample. The results revealed that the quality of the web pages retrieved by all three search engines, i.e., Parsijoo, Parseek, and Google, was above average. However, there was a significant difference between the engines regarding the number of relevant results. This is the first study investigating the quality of web pages retrieved by search engines to respond to students' course-related queries. The study results can help the designers and developers of Persian search engines improve their performance in retrieving high-quality pages and gaining a proper place among Iranian users.
Lowland rice flooding, while consuming considerable water, has adverse environmental effects, including releasing methane into the atmosphere, aggravating climate change. Several drawbacks can be ...attributed to water-saving alternatives, such as aerobic rice, whereas rice drip irrigation techniques have been evaluated primarily under aerobic conditions. This study investigated drip tape irrigation technique with different lateral spacings for transplanted rice in puddled paddy soil at the Rice Research Institute of Iran in Rasht over two years (2020 and 2021), compared to intermittent irrigation. In twelve isolated concrete basins, three treatments with lateral spacings of 40 (T40), 60 (T60), and 80 cm (T80), were compared with a fixed five-day period intermittent irrigation (INT). In 2020 and 2021, the INT treatment produced the highest grain yield (3814 and 4758 kg ha−1, respectively) and among drip tape treatments, T40 demonstrated the highest grain yield (3613 and 4020 kg ha−1, respectively), comparable with INT’s yield but with the highest sterile spikelets ratio. In contrast, T80 resulted in the lowest grain weight (2892 and 3653 kg ha−1, respectively) and yield characteristics values, while producing the highest weeds population. Drip tape irrigation significantly reduced water application by 27% and 36% in 2020 and 2021, respectively and T40 achieved the highest water productivity, at 0.68 kg m−3. The economic water productivity estimation of drip tape irrigation can range from 0.11 to 0.51 US$ m−3 in various scenarios, while that of intermittent irrigation remains at 0.25 US$ m−3.
•Drip tape irrigation of transplanted rice compared to intermittent irrigation (INT).•Drip irrigation saved water by up to 36% compared to INT.•WP ranged between 0.44 and 0.68 kg m−3, an increase of up to 22% compared to INT.•40 cm lateral spacing is the most yielding and profiting drip irrigation formation.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
The crystal structure of a bis-urea derivative based on A1/A2-functionalized pillar5arene (DUP) that encapsulates dimethyl formamide (DMF) inside the macrocyclic cavity is reported. The crystal ...structure of DUP·DMF, C63H70N4O12·C3H7NO, reveals that out of two urea functionalized spacers, one arm is oriented above the macrocyclic cavity with strong hydrogen-bonding inter-actions between the urea H atoms and DMF guest, whereas, the other arm is positioned away from the macrocycle, leading to inter-molecular hydrogen-bonding inter-actions between the urea H atoms of two adjacent pillar5arene macrocycles, resulting in the formation of a supra-molecular dimer.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
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