Thesis (M.S.)--Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1991.
Vita. Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 159-160). Also available via the Internet.
The personal computer furnishes engineers and managers with an appropriate tool for analysis of statistical problems particularly in areas such as quality control. Following a review of the ...literature, no simple, low cost software packages were found that allow the personal computer user to design, execute, and statistically analyze physical processes while providing graphical display of the results.
The primary objective of this research is to develop a software system which runs on a personal computer and provides management with an affordable vehicle for statistical analysis of problems, particularly those faced by the decision maker. This software system includes the design of inferential procedures as well as their execution. Many of the inferential procedures are based on the assumptions of independent and normally distributed observations, and in the case of confidence intervals and hypothesis tests for means, offers a technique which assists the user in overcoming problems associated with correlated sample data. The software system attempts to detect when these assumptions appear to be violated. In the case of independence, a methodology is applied which attempts to offset the deleterious effects of the correlation on parameter estimates. Although statistical methods are used to interpret sampled data, extensive knowledge of statistics is not necessary to use this software. The software is intended for managers and quality engineers who possess knowledge of basic statistics, the ability to interpret control chart information, and a basic working knowledge of personal computers. Execution requires an IBM PC (or a true compatible) which contains a color graphics card and at least 512K of memory. Both color and monochrome monitors are supported. The software is written in Turbo Basic 1.0, a product of Borland International. The software operates under the MS-DOS 2.0 (or later version) operating system. DOS, Disk Operating System, provides for communication between the keyboard, the disk drives, and the system unit.
Master of Science
Compliance has been defined as "...the extent to which a person's behavior coincides with medical or health advice" (Haynes, 1978, pp. 1-2) and is an important area of research in behavioral ...medicine. There are several key issues involved in compliance research. Specifically these are: 1) How do we define and measure compliance?; 2) how can we predict compliance?; and 3) does compliance lead to a better outcome than does noncompliance? This dissertation focuses on the question of what does psychology have to contribute to our understanding of these issues? The first study investigated the amount of agreement between the various definitions of dietary compliance in patients on hemodialysis. It demonstrated that one reason why there is so little agreement on the factors that predict compliance is that researchers in this area define compliance in very different ways. The second study explored the possibility of using outcome to provide an objective definition of compliance. It was found that dietary compliance is not related to outcome for hemodialysis patients. The third study focused on the use of self-efficacy to predict compliance in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus, a condition where dietary compliance may be easily measured. The results suggested that gender differences influenced the predictive power of self-efficacy. The interaction between gender and self-efficacy was confirmed in a laboratory task as well. Much of the experimental research on dieting and weight regulation ignores the potential impact of gender differences. The results of these studies suggest other paths for future research and also demonstrate that psychology can make a valuable contribution to research on compliance with chronic dietary regimens.
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Acute oxygen therapy Akbar, Fazal; Campbell, Ian Allen
Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan
14, Issue:
5
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Oxygen therapy is a central part of our clinical practice and is widely used in many pulmonary and non-pulmonary conditions worldwide but it is sometimes used unnecessarily and can be harmful. ...Optimum use is not only important for patient care but is also sound fiscally because of the expense of oxygen and the cost of devices utilised. This article is aimed both at reviewing available research and guidelines for the use of oxygen and providing knowledge of different administering and monitoring devices and equipment. Various hospital based audits have shown oxygen as being poorly prescribed and inappropriately administered and it is important for everyone involved in patient care to understand the basics of oxygen therapy before optimum practice can be implemented and followed.
In a series of three investigations, recovery was investigated in females following resistance exercise over varying recovery periods. Additionally, recovery when using a post-exercise carbohydrate ...(CHO-ONLY) or carbohydrate-protein (CHO-PRO) beverage was examined. Ten resistance trained females (21.1± 1.4 years of age) performed a baseline trial of three sets of eight exercises at their ten repetition maximum (10-RM). Later they completed four counterbalanced trials following 24, 48, 72, or 96 hours of recovery. No significant change (p > 0.05) occurred in group mean repetitions or ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) for any recovery period. Individual results showed 10% of participants recovered after 24 h, 80% following 48 h, and 70% at 72 h and 96 h of recovery. Soreness ratings were higher (p < 0.05) than baseline at all time points, diminished over time, and at 48 h was correlated to the group mean for repetitions (r = -0.77, p = 0.01). Participants performed the same exercise protocol, consumed either a CHO-PRO or CHO-ONLY beverage and attempted to replicate their performance 24 h later. Group mean repetitions, soreness, and RPE were similar (p > 0.05) with both beverages. With CHO-ONLY, 56% of participants recovered in 24 h versus 33% with CHO-PRO (versus 10% in first study). These findings suggest post-exercise consumption of a CHO-PRO or CHO-ONLY beverage may be advantageous for some exercisers. Lastly, the agreement between perceived recovery status (PRS) scores and actual recovery was measured following rest periods of varying length after resistance training. The PRS demonstrated high specificity for recovery for change in group mean repetitions (100%), total repetitions (95%) performed, and high sensitivity (100%) for fatigue when participants indicated a score <five. In summary, trained females were recovered within 24 h following training, despite considerable inter-subject variability and significant soreness. CHO-PRO and CHO-ONLY produced no change in the group mean for performed (p > 0.05), 24 h after weight lifting. However, supplementation with these beverages may be useful for those responsive to this type of nutritional intervention. Finally, the PRS scale may help identify individuals who have reached recovery before beginning a subsequent exercise session.
A U-Pb-He double-dating method is applied to detrital zircons with core-rim structure from the Ganges River in order to de- termine average short and long-term exhumation rates for the Himalayas. ...Long-term rates are calculated from the U/Pb ages of metamorphic rims of the grains that formed during the Himalayan orogeny and their crystallization temperatures, which are calculated from the Ti-in-zircon thermometer. Short-term rates are calculated from （U-Th）/He ages of the grains with appro- priate closure temperatures. The results show that short-term rates for the Himalayas, which range from 0.70 ± 0.09 to 2.67 ± 0.40 km/Myr and average 1.75 ± 0.59 （1δ） km/Myr, are higher and more varied than the long-term rates, which range from 0.84 ±0.16 to 1.85 ± 0.35 km/Myr and average 1.26 ±0.25 （let） km/Myr. The differences between the long-term and short-term rates can be attributed to continuous exhumation of the host rocks in different mechanisms in continental collision orogen. The U/Pb ages of 44.0 ± 3.7 to 18.3 ±0.5 Ma for the zircon rims indicate a protracted episode of -：25 Myr for regional metamorphism of the host rocks at deeper crust, whereas the （U-Th）/He ages of 42.2 ± 1.8 to 1.3 ± 0.2 Ma for the zircon grains represent a protracted period of -40 Myr for exposure of the host rocks to shallower crustal level. In particular, the oldest （U-Th）/He ages of the zircon grains are close to the oldest U/Pb ages for the rims, indicating that some parcels of the rocks that contain zircons were rapidly exhumed from deep to shallow levels in the stage of collisional orogeny. On the other hand, some parcels of the rocks may have been carried upwards by thrust faults in the post-collisional stage. The parcels could be carried upwards by the thrust faults that steepen as they near the surface, or by transient movement faults so that areas of rapid exhu- mation became areas of slow exhumation and visa versa on a time scale of a few Myr in order to maintain the continuous ex- humation. In this regard, the Ganges River must be preferentially sampling areas that are currently undergoing above average rates of uplift.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OBVAL, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
Large modern surveys require efficient review of data in order to find transient sources such as supernovae, and to distinguish such sources from artefacts and noise. Much effort has been put into ...the development of automatic algorithms, but surveys still rely on human review of targets. This paper presents an integrated system for the identification of supernovae in data from Pan-STARRS1, combining classifications from volunteers participating in a citizen science project with those from a convolutional neural network. The unique aspect of this work is the deployment, in combination, of both human and machine classifications for near real-time discovery in an astronomical project. We show that the combination of the two methods outperforms either one used individually. This result has important implications for the future development of transient searches, especially in the era of LSST and other large-throughput surveys.
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