SBND is the near detector of the Short-Baseline Neutrino program at Fermilab. Its location near to the Booster Neutrino Beam source and relatively large mass will allow the study of neutrino ...interactions on argon with unprecedented statistics. This paper describes the expected performance of the SBND photon detection system, using a simulated sample of beam neutrinos and cosmogenic particles. Its design is a dual readout concept combining a system of 120 photomultiplier tubes, used for triggering, with a system of 192 X-ARAPUCA devices, located behind the anode wire planes. Furthermore, covering the cathode plane with highly-reflective panels coated with a wavelength-shifting compound recovers part of the light emitted towards the cathode, where no optical detectors exist. We show how this new design provides a high light yield and a more uniform detection efficiency, an excellent timing resolution and an independent 3D-position reconstruction using only the scintillation light. Finally, the whole reconstruction chain is applied to recover the temporal structure of the beam spill, which is resolved with a resolution on the order of nanoseconds.
Trastuzumab is an HER-2 targeted humanized monoclonal antibody that significantly improves metastatic and non-metastatic breast cancer therapeutic outcomes. This study compares trastuzumab outcomes ...between two age cohorts in the Kuwait Cancer Control Centre (KCCC).
In a prospective comparative observational study, 93 HER-2 positive breast cancer patients undergoing different chemotherapy protocols + trastuzumab between April 2016 and April 2019 were included and divided into two cohorts based on their age (<60 and ≥60 years old). The individual decline in the LVEF from the baseline was calculated and compared between the two age cohorts. Logistic regression analysis was applied to investigate the association between age, comorbidities, BMI, anthracycline treatment, and baseline LVEF value, and trastuzumab-induced cardiotoxicity after adjustments made for the disease stage.
The median baseline LVEF was 65% in both age cohorts (IQR 8% and 9% for older and younger patients, respectively). Whereas the median LVEF post-trastuzumab treatment was 51% and 55% in older and younger patients, respectively (IQR 8%; p-value = 0.22), even though older patients had significantly lower exposure to anthracyclines compared to younger patients (60% and 84.1%, respectively; p-value <0.001). 86.7% and 55.6% of older and younger patients, respectively, developed ≥10% decline in their LVEF from the baseline. Statistically, age was the only factor that significantly correlated with developing ≥10% decline in the LVEF (OR 4; p-value <0.012).
Breast cancer patients aged 60 years and above in Kuwait were at a 4-fold higher risk of developing ≥10% decline in their LVEF from the baseline value compared to younger patients during trastuzumab treatment. Previous exposure to anthracyclines and comorbidities were not associated with a significantly increased cardiotoxicity risk in this study.
Este estudio tiene como objetivo explorar los sistemas de gestión de relaciones con los clientes (CRM) en pequeñas y medianas empresas (PYME) en Arabia Saudita. Más específicamente, este estudio ...investiga los beneficios de CRM, los factores críticos de éxito (CSF) y el impacto de CRM en el desempeño de las PYMES. Este estudio se basa en un diseño cualitativo; Se emplearon entrevistas semiestructuradas para adquirir los datos necesarios. Los resultados reflejan que todos los negocios investigados están implementando CRM. Además, se ha determinado que ciertos factores de éxito, como la capacitación de los empleados, el apoyo de la alta dirección y la gestión del cambio, tienen un impacto significativo en el sistema CRM y aumentan el logro de los resultados deseados. El estudio crea conciencia sobre CRM y proporciona a los ejecutivos información sobre las prácticas de CRM, con el objetivo de mejorar la eficacia de CRM y confirmar sus beneficios y ventajas para las partes interesadas.
This study aims to explore customer relationship management (CRM) systems in Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Saudi Arabia. More specifically, this study investigates CRM benefits, critical success factors (CSFs), and the impact of CRM on SMEs' performance. This study is based on a qualitative design; semi-structured interviews were employed to acquire the requisite data. The results reflect that all the investigated businesses are implementing CRM. Furthermore, certain success factors such as training employees, top management support, and change management have been determined to significantly impact the CRM system and increase achievement of the desired results. The study creates awareness of CRM and provides executives with insights into CRM practices, with the aim of enhancing the effectiveness of CRM and confirming its benefits and advantages for interested parties.
Breast cancer stands as the prevailing malignancy across all six Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) nations. In this literature review, we highlighted the incidence and trend of breast cancer in the GCC. ...Most of the studies reported a consistent increase in breast cancer incidence over the past decades, which was particularly attributed to the adoption of a Westernized lifestyle in the region and the implications of emerging risk factors and other environmental and societal factors, the increase in screening uptake, as well as the improvement in data collection and reporting in the GCC. The data on breast cancer risk factors in the GCC were limited. In this geographic region, breast cancer frequently manifests with distinctive characteristics, including an early onset, typically occurring before the age of 50; an advanced stage at presentation; and a higher pathological grade. Additionally, it often exhibits more aggressive features such as human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) positivity or the presence of triple-negative (TN) attributes, particularly among younger patients. Despite the growing body of literature on breast cancer in the GCC, data pertaining to survival rates are, regrettably, meager. Reports on breast cancer survival rates emanating from the GCC region are largely confined to Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates (UAE). In the UAE, predictive modeling reveals 2-year and 5-year survival rates of 97% and 89%, respectively, for the same period under scrutiny. These rates, when compared to Western counterparts such as Australia (89.5%) and Canada (88.2%), fall within the expected range. Conversely, Saudi Arabia reports a notably lower 5-year survival rate, standing at 72%. This disparity in survival rates underscores the need for further research directed toward elucidating risk factors and barriers that hinder early detection and screening. Additionally, there is a pressing need for expanded data reporting on survival outcomes within the GCC. In sum, a more comprehensive and nuanced understanding of breast cancer dynamics in this region is imperative to inform effective strategies for prevention, early detection, and improved patient outcomes.
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