Studies have linked vitamin D to risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Obesity is a potential confounder in these studies. This study examined the relationship of 25 (OH) cholecalciferol (25OH D3) ...with insulin resistance, blood glucose, and lipid profile in lean male adults.
We enrolled two hundred and thirty four military recruits before beginning of military training. Demographic and anthropometric data were collected from them. The participants underwent body mass composition analysis by dual energy X ray absorptiometry. Fasting samples were collected for measurement of blood glucose, lipid profile, 25(OH) D3, serum parathormone (PTH) and insulin.
Vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency was found in 47.7% (107/224) and 31.6% (71/224) of participants, respectively. Using Pearson's correlation coefficient 25(OH) cholecalciferol and fasting blood glucose (FBG) were inversely correlated (p = 0.023). However, similar relation was not found between 25(OH) D3 and total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein–cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein–cholesterol, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance and levels of PTH. On body composition analysis, there was no correlation of 25(OH) cholecalciferol with body mass index or fat mass index.
This study showed that in lean young male population, 25(OH) cholecalciferol and FBG are inversely correlated but no association of 25(OH) D3 with other cardiometabolic risk factors could be demonstrated.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) is ubiquitous in the Indian subcontinent. VDD has been shown to impair muscle functions. However, the association of VDD with cardiorespiratory endurance is uncertain. ...Hence, we enrolled and supplemented vitamin D in military recruits with VDD with an aim to evaluate effect of supplementation on cardiorespiratory endurance and muscle strength.
We enrolled 90 military recruits with VDD and randomly allotted them to two groups equally. The group I received cholecalciferol granules 60,000 IU every fortnight for twelve weeks (cases), and the group II was observed as control. Muscle strength and cardiorespiratory endurance was assessed with a battery of tests (standing broad jump, bent arm hang test, 20 m shuttle run) at baseline and repeated at the end of training (nineteen weeks). Blood samples were collected for measurement of serum 25(OH)D and parathyroid hormone.
In Group I and Group II, there was significant increase in 25(OH) D levels (25.8 ± 7.1 and 17.3 ± 3.5 ng/ml, respectively), and in VO2 max (9.8 ± 8.8 and 12.7 ± 8.6 ml/kg/min, respectively) compared with the baseline values. However, no significant change was observed in muscle strength after supplementation. There was no difference between the groups in VO2 max and muscle strength at baseline and at the end of training.
Vitamin D supplementation did not improve muscle strength and cardiorespiratory endurance in military recruits with VDD. A significant rise in 25(OH) D was observed even in those not supplemented with vitamin D.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Introduction: Large-for-gestational-age babies are at high risk for short-term outcomes such as shoulder dystocia, neonatal hypoglycaemia and birth trauma. Macrosomic babies are defined as those with ...birth weights of >4,000 g, irrespective of gestational age, sex, or country/region-specific differences in mean birth weight and maternal body weight. In the recent past, the rate of large-for-gestational-age LGA babies, has increased all over the world. Purpose This study is aimed to investigate the prevalence of macrosomia/LGA in Suri Seri Begawan Hospital (SSBH) and to determine the maternal and fetal outcomes. Methodology: The selected universe for the study is at Suri Seri Begawan Hospital, for the time duration of 2 consecutive years (2018-19). The secondary data is used to calculate a prevalence. Result: The prevalence of 1.9% was found in this study (all >4 kg) and 75% of male babies were born as macrosomia/LGA. 19% of the participants delivered big babies before, and 27% were diabetic in this current pregnancy. 63.6% were delivered by spontaneous vaginal delivery, and there was 1 shoulder dystocia with a 4.1 kg weighed baby. One LSCS wound infection and one vaginal haematoma occurred in this study, although only 21% of babies were admitted to the neonatal unit. Conclusion: The current study draws its conclusion based on the findings that macrosomia/LGAs in SSBH are not as high as like China. Expectant management was practiced in most of the cases and outcome wise is acceptable ensuring our management protocol was safe. Large-for-gestational-age babies are at high risk for shoulder dystocia with brachial plexus injury, which is of great concern for all obstetricians. The management of macrosomia/LGA pregnancy should be individualized by taking into account all maternal and foetal factors as well as all available diagnostic tools. Obstetricians should be vigilant and careful with proper clinical judgement and early recognition of possible complications.
This paper analyzes the variation injudgment for selection of best hue ffromcolour patches between D50 light and D50 light with U.V. light the experiments for his study is performed in adherence with ...the ISO Standards and the results of this study shows that the trend for selection of hue in case of D50 light and D50 light with U.V. light is similar for Cyan withYellow color and Magenta and Black color.
Today, printing and digital media complement one another and are spawning new applications. Conventional offset printing is one of the major forms of printing today, and the growth and development of ...digital printing in the recent years has certainly made it possible to take care of customization, personalization, and print-on-demand related concepts effectively and efficiently. Print sharpness and print consistency are the two basic print quality factors which need to be discussed in detail. Moreover, suitable methods need to be devised to measure these print quality factors more economically and in a very simplified way. In this work, standard observers are selected to evaluate print sharpness and print consistency with a suitable scale to simplify the above two print quality factors.
Anencephaly means simply no brain or acrania. To be precise, it is a congenital absence of the skull, scalp, and forebrain (cerebral hemispheres). It was categorized under neural tube defects (NTD). ...As a whole, NTD is the second most common fatal anomaly after cardiac defects. The neural tube defects are a group of central nervous system ailments, which result from the failure of normal primary neurulation, an embryologic process completes in humans by almost day 26-28 the post-conception. In this case, the normal closure of the anterior neuropore fails, which results in anencephaly. The case report demonstrates the clinical experience that would broaden our knowledge of this uncommon but distressing and dilemmatic event. We highlighted the ultrasound features to recognize the condition by first and second-trimester scans and the role of folic acid in the prevention of further occurrence. The diagnosis was confirmed anencephaly with formal ultrasound from the radiologist, who reported no definite brain parenchyma noted, the head was small in size, and the patient was informed about the condition and its prognosis. The reported case was found to be rare and clinicians emphasized the contribution of professional guidance for its management since the case is critical and the ethical concerns need careful handling to avoid adverse psychosocial outcomes such as grief, guilt, anxiety, and loss of self-confidence.
Print mottle is considered as one of the most important print factors while considering the visual impression of print quality. It is basically the result of uneven ink layer/non-uniform ink ...absorption across the paper surface and it is more prominently visible in middle tone images or areas of uniform colour such as solids and continuous tone screen images. Mottle pictures can also be observed visually and hence it needs utmost care and attention for enhancing the final print quality. Various grades of papers are used in the digital printing machines for a wide variety of print products and for the high quality print products coated papers are generally used. Effect of mottle on coated paper especially when using digital printing machines is the basic point which needs discussion and deliberation.
In this modern era, print consistency is being considered of greater significance which needs to be frequently evaluated. This print consistency is correlated to various technical aspects while ...printing, amongst these ink density of secondary colour, play an important role and contribute significantly during printing. Hence it becomes necessary to understand the behaviour of ink density while using different methodologies. This present analysis is to explicate the ink density behaviour and delineate the ink density variations on matt paper using different methodologies during printing.
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