Kameni oltar iz crkvice sv. Jurja u Straževniku kod Pražnica izrađen je od bračkog kamena vapnenca tipa Veselje fiorito s ostacima polikromije. Sastavljen je od tri dijela: u zabatnom je polju ...prikazana Bogorodica s Djetetom, u središnjem dijelu Oplakivanje Krista, a u najdonjem dijelu sv. Juraj sa zmajem. Nakon preliminarnih konzervatorsko-restauratorskih istraživanja, određeni su vrsta i uzrok oštećenja te je proveden konzervatorsko-restauratorski zahvat prema suvremenoj metodologiji.
Lamb meat represents an important source of nutrients for humans worldwide. However, nutritional value of lamb meat, and particularly that obtained from suckling lambs, has been scarcely investigated ...in comparison to other categories of meat. The study aimed to provide some basic insights into proximate and mineral composition of lamb meat and to disclose some important sources of its variability. Three Croatian indigenous insular sheep breeds were included in the study: Rab sheep, Cres sheep, and Krk. The lambs were reared in outdoor insular environment where lambs were fed exclusively by suckling their mothers and by grazing wild grown vegetation. It has been determined that gender significantly affected fat (p < .001) and moisture ratio (p < .05), and had no effect on concentration of the examined minerals, except Zn (p < .01). The factor composed of breed and environment significantly affected moisture ratio (p < .001), fat ratio (p < .01), and concentrations of Ca, Na, Cu, and Mn (p < .001), Zn (p < .01), and K (p < .05). The concentrations of Mn and Ca were by far the most influenced by breed-environment effect. The results of the study evidenced that factor composed of breed and environment represents important source of variability of nutritional value of lamb meat produced in extensive rearing systems.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
The aim of the study was to determine the influence of parity and litter size on dairy traits in Istrian ewes. The following traits were analysed: lactation milk yield (LMY), daily milk yield (DMY), ...fat yield (FY), fat content (FC), protein yield (PY), protein content (PC), lactose yield (LY), and lactose content (LC). Lactation records (n=6481) collected on 2786 ewes were analyzed using a statistical model adjusted for unbalanced data structure accounting for all the available sources of phenotypic variability. Parity had a statistically significant effect on all the investigated traits (P<0.01, P<0.001). LMY DMY, PY and LY peaked in third, FY, FC, and PC in fourth, and LC in second lactation. The estimated differences between parities with maximum and minimum production for LMY, FY, PY, and LY were 21.6 kg, 1.1 kg, 1.25 kg, and 0.98 kg, respectively. Litter size had a significant effect on all the investigated traits (P<0.01, P<0.001) except the FC (P<0.05). Multiple litters led to higher yields but to lower contents of dry matter components in the milk. The results of the study should contribute to better understanding of the phenotypic variability of some economically very important dairy traits in ewes.
The aim of the study was to determine the influence of parity and litter size on dairy traits in Istrian ewes. The following traits were analysed: lactation milk yield, daily milk yield, fat yield, ...fat content, protein yield, protein content, lactose yield, and lactose content. Lactation records (n = 6,481) collected on 2,786 ewes were analyzed using a statistical model adjusted for unbalanced data structure accounting for all the available sources of phenotypic variability. Parity had a statistically significant effect on all the investigated traits (P<0.01, P<0.001). Lactation milk yield, daily milk yield, protein yield, and lactose yield peaked in 3rd, fat yield, fat content, and protein content in 4th, and lactose content in 2nd lactation. Litter size had a significant effect on all the investigated traits (P<0.01, P<0.001) except the fat content (P<0.05). Multiple litters led to higheryields of milk and all the examined dry matter components. The results of the study should contribute to better understanding of the phenotypic variability of some economically very important dairy traits in ewes.
Ukupno se u svijetu uzgaja oko 1,28 milijardi ovaca koje godišnje proizvedu oko 10,5 milijuna tona ovčjeg mlijeka, od toga je u Europi 121,6 milijuna ovaca (9,47 %), s ukupnom proizvodnjom mlijeka od ...oko 3,1 milijun tona. U Europi je posljednjih godina zamjetna umjerena stagnacija proizvodnje ovčjeg mlijeka i trenutačno je na razini oko 1/3 svjetske proizvodnje. Ovčje mlijeko je zbog visokog sadržaja suhe tvari, mliječne masti, ukupnih bjelančevina i kazeina izvrsna sirovina za proizvodnju sira. Prerada mlijeka i proizvodnja sira nije samo gospodarski važna, nego je i dio kulturnog nasljeđa, utemeljena na dugoj tradiciji te često organizirana na ruralnim i manje razvijenim područjima. Proizvodnja i kvaliteta mlijeka je pod utjecajem brojnih čimbenika od kojih su najvažniji pasmina, hranidba i tjelesna kondicija, redoslijed i stadij laktacije, mužnja i zdravlje vimena te čimbenici okoliša. Uz navedeno, različite vrste stresa kao što su toplinski, hranidbeni, stres odbića, striža, stres pregrupiranja i dr., imaju značajan utjecaj na dobrobit i zdravlje ovaca te na količinu proizvedenoga ovčjeg mlijeka, njegov kemijski sastav, preradbene odlike te gospodarsku učinkovitost stada. U posljednje vrijeme, usljed klimatskih promjena, sve su brojnija istraživanja utjecaja toplinskog stresa na reprodukcijske i proizvodne odlike ovaca te na njihovu dobrobit i zdravlje. Uz to, toplinski je stres često povezan s nedostatkom hrane i vode. Utjecaj stresa osobito je izražen u ekstenzivnom sustavu uzgoja ovaca i proizvodnje mlijeka koji je u ovčarskoj proizvodnji dominantan. Cilj ovog rada je opisati utjecaj najvažnijih izvora stresa na količinu i kemijski sastav proizvedenoga mlijeka, te na dobrobit i zdravlje ovaca.
The aim of this research was to determine some production characteristics of Croatian multicolored goat kids (birth weight, age and body weight at weaning, and average daily gain) in extensive ...breeding conditions. The research included 530 goat kids from four family farms in the area of the Sibenik--Knin and Zadar County. The birth weight and body weight of the kids at weaning were determined by individual weighing on an electronic scale with accuracy of + or - 0.05 kg. The kids were with other goats from birth to weaning and they consumed pasture grass and browsed while consuming milk by suckling. The results of the research indicate that the kids' birth weights, their body weight at weaning and average daily gain are quite variable and under the influence of sex, type of birth and the season of kidding. After parturition, the kids weighed 2.28 kg on average, and 23.0 kg at weaning (on the 186th day). The kids gained 115.43 g on average daily in the period from birth to weaning, but in comparison to female kids, male kids had significantly (P<0.001) higher average daily weight gain (125.15 : 106.96 g) and significantly (P<0.05) higher body weight at weaning (23.46 : 22.58 kg). The lowest average daily gain (103.92 g) was determined in kids of low birth weight (<1.50 kg), and the highest (163.04 g) in kids of higher birth weight (greater than or equal to 3.50 kg). The significant (P<0.001) influence of the kidding season on birth weight and growth of kids from birth to weaning was determined. Key words: kids, Croatian multicolored goat, birth weight, daily gain, weaning Cilj ovog istrazivanja bio je utvrditi neke proizvodne karakteristike jaradi hrvatske sarene koze (porodajna masa, dob i tjelesna masa pri odbicu te prosjecni dnevni prirast) u ekstenzivnim uvjetima uzgoja. Istrazivanje je ukljucilo 530 jaradi s cetiri obiteljska gospodarstva iz Sibensko-kninske i Zadarske zupanije. Porodajna masa i tjelesna masa jaradi pri odbicu odredivani su pojedinacnim vaganjem, uz pomoc elektronicke vage s preciznoscu od + ou - 0,05 kg. Jarad je drzana s kozama od jarenja do odbica pri cemu je uz sisanje mlijeka bila na pasi i brstu. Rezultati istrazivanja pokazuju da su porodajna masa jaradi, njihova tjelesna masa pri odbicu i prosjecni dnevni prirast prilicno varijabilni i pod utjecajem spola, tipa porodaja i sezone jarenja. Nakon jarenja jarad je prosjecno tezila 2,28 kg, a pri odbicu (dob od 186 dana) prosjecno 23,0 kg. Jarad je u razdoblju od jarenja do odbica prirastala prosjecno 115,43 g dnevno, a u usporedbi sa zenskom jaradi, muska jarad imala je znacajno (P<0,001) veci prosjecni dnevni prirast (125,15 : 106,96 g) i znacajno (P<0,05) vecu tjelesnu masu pri odbicu (23,46 : 22,58 kg). Najmanji prosjecni dnevni prirast (103,92 g) utvrden je kod jaradi s malom porodajnom masom (<1,50 kg), dok je najveci prosjecni dnevni prirast (163,04 g) ustanovljen kod jaradi s najvecom porodajnom masom (greater than or equal to 3,50 kg). Takoder je utvrden i znacajan (P<0,001) utjecaj sezone jarenja na porodajnu masu i rast jaradi od jarenja do odbica. Kljucne rijeci: jarad, hrvatska sarena koza, porodajna masa, dnevni prirast, odbice
Vuna je u prošlosti bila jedan od najvažnijih i najcjenjenijih ovčjih proizvoda. Zbog svoje je važnosti nerijetko nazivana „bijelim zlatom“. Većinu proizvedene vune (oko 56 %) prerađuje tekstilna ...industrija čija je sirovina uglavnom vuna vrhunske kvalitete. U posljednjim je desetljećima, zbog izrazite konkurencije sintetičkih vlakana, znatno smanjen interes za vunom, osobito onom grubom, loše kvalitete (koje je u Europi i Hrvatskoj najviše). Osim toga velik je problem vuneni otpad koji nastaje tijekom striže ovaca i procesa prerade vune. U kategoriju otpadne (neželjene) vune pripada i trbušna vuna finorunih pasmina ovaca koje je u runu oko 20 %. Tijekom procesa prerade (grebanje, češljanje, predenje, tkanje i dr.)
otpadne od 10 do 15 % vune. Pranjem vune troši se mnogo energije, rada, vremena te vode koja najčešće završava u okolišu. Sve naglašenija svijest o važnosti očuvanja okoliša i veća potreba za sigurnim i održivim biološkim materijalima pokretač su traženja novih metoda recikliranja vunenog otpada i stvaranja novih proizvoda. Stoga je velik izazov u budućnosti pronaći gospodarski korisna, tržišno isplativa i ekološki prihvatljiva
rješenja za nekvalitetnu vunu i vunski otpad, što će izravno pripomoći uzgajivačima i pridonijeti očuvanju okoliša.
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