In order to better understand why students use Facebook and how Facebook can be used for educational activities students’ attitudes and perceptions towards purposes of Facebook usage and Facebook ...educational usage were investigated in this study. Also, theoretical models of the purposes of Facebook usage and Facebook educational usage proposed in literature were examined using the sample of 226 students from University of Belgrade, Technical faculty in Bor. Previous studies have pointed out that there are three underlying dimensions of purposes of Facebook usage that can be indicated as social relations, work related activities and daily activities. Facebook educational usage also includes three underlying dimensions defined as communication, collaboration and resource/material sharing. These hypothesized three-factor models of purposes of Facebook usage and Facebook educational usage were tested on the present sample data using confirmatory factor analysis. The results confirmed hypothesized latent structures and theoretical validity of both investigated factor models. Further analysis revealed that, according to students, collaboration through academic groups (communities) represents the most important value of Facebook implementation in academic activities.
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•Purposes of usage and educational Facebook usage factor structures were determined.•Purposes of Facebook usage include social relations, work activities and daily activities.•Facebook educational usage includes communication, collaboration and material sharing.•Collaboration through academic groups is the best form of Facebook educational usage.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
Complex National Park (NP) Management Problems often requires a multidisciplinary approach in the process of business decision-making involving various stakeholders from the region. In the ...decision-making process, the methodology, based on combining SWOT analysis (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats) and the Analytical Network Process (ANP) methods, has been proved as a very useful tool in numerous surveys as it is being presented in this paper on the example of the National Park Djerdap (NPDJ). In the conducted research, aimed to achieve business vision of this company, a four-phase decision making approach was defined. In the defined model, the situation SWOT analysis was used as the baseline in the analysis of the situation on the ground. Hence, four scenarios were generated by experts using the ANP method of multi-criteria decision-making. The results obtained within the research identified the scenarios of the highest priority - sustainable development and environmental protection - which would enable the National Park Djerdap to achieve its vision. The proposed model is flexible in the sense that its network structure and rules allow minor adjustments for its application to similar problems in the environmental management in other protected natural areas.
•Achieving the business vision of the national park through definition of the integral model.•The ANP methodology for prioritizing alternative scenarios is introduced.•Selection of scenarios (strategies) is based on criteria obtained by quantified SWOT analysis.•Ranking results of four different alternative scenarios are presented and discussed.•Final results showed that the sustainable development focused on the tourism is the best sustainable development.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
The paper presents the results of the research for prioritization strategies of sustainable development of ecotourism in National Park Djerdap (NPDJ), Serbia. Ecotourism as a possible type of tourism ...in national parks is observed through SWOT situation analysis of NPDJ, Serbia. Based on the results presented in the TOWS matrix - possible SO, WO, ST and WT strategies, which enable sustainable development of ecotourism in the national park, were defined. Using multi-criteria Analytical Network Process (ANP) and Fuzzy Analytical Network Process (FANP) the prioritization defined strategy was determined. It allows sustainable development of ecotourism in NPDJ, Serbia, through the promotion of EU standards for the NPDJ involvement of academic institutions and non-governmental organizations (NGOs). By applying the defined prioritization of certain strategies, there is a possibility of a continuous increase of NPDJ performances which would contribute to the sustainability of the defined ecotourism concept.
•The ANP methodology in fuzzy environment for prioritizing the strategies is introduced.•The proposed MCDM methodology was applied in the case of sustainable development of ecotourism.•Selection of strategies is based on criteria obtained by quantified SWOT analysis.•Ranking results of seven different strategies are presented and discussed.•Final results showed better readability when fuzzy logic approach was used.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
The paper presents the results of an international research on Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) conducted in post-transitional countries in Europe. The aim was to investigate the recognition ...level of the efforts in companies toward CSR activities by employees and their influence on perception and identification with those activities. It was expected that employees with a higher level of CSR awareness would show a greater level of loyalty and identification with the company and, therefore, perform their activities better. A number of significant issues were investigated, i.e. the purpose of CSR implementation, CSR activities in companies, barriers for CSR implementation, employee loyalty, and the performance of companies, along with how these factors are interconnected. CSR was accessed from the point of view of employees through a questionnaire, after which the proposed conceptual model and hypothesis were tested using SEM methodology. The results point out that a clearly defined purpose of implementing CSR can contribute positively to appropriate CSR activities and overcoming the barriers that can occur during implementation. In addition, statistical evidence was gathered showing that CSR activities significantly influence employee loyalty, thus more commitment from employees to the company. Finally, the findings indicate that the greater the loyalty of employees, the greater the performance and competitiveness of the company. The presented results can be very significant for decision-makers and researchers, as they highlight the specificity of CSR and can be used for creating appropriate business strategies that introduce and implement CSR in business operations in order to increase competitiveness and overall company results.
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CEKLJ, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, ODKLJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Today, it is difficult to find an adequate Web site with a registration form that is not protected with some automated human proof test. One of the oldest concepts in Artificial Intelligence as a ...security mechanism based on the Turing Test is CAPTCHA (Completely Automated Public Turing test to tell Computers and Humans Apart). This test was designed to make a difference between the real users and bots and provide security against malicious attacks. The PROMETHEE-GAIA method was employed for ranking different image-based CAPTCHAs according to their usability in this paper. The aim of this study is a comparative analysis of seven image-based CAPTCHAs based on three different criteria: time to find a solution, a number of attempts, and task difficulty. The weights of the considered criteria were calculated objectively by the entropy method, and for the subjective weights, Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) was used. A defined research model was applied through four phases. The survey included 320 randomly selected Internet users and experts in computer science who were familiar with CAPTCHA tests. The proposed model suggested which CAPTCHA offered better human accuracy and lower machine attack rates compared to the existing approaches. The obtained results were very helpful to the web administrators because they indicated that this approach could provide useful insights for the decision-makers about the appropriate mechanisms to protect users against cyber-criminal activities and Internet threats.
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CEKLJ, EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
ABSTRACTThis paper proposes a new metahaeuristic algorithm named particle swarm optimization and chaotic gravitational search algorithm (PSO-CGSA) for solving the combined economic and emission ...dispatch (CEED) problem. First, we determine the efficiency and effectiveness measures of the algorithm and compare it with other well-known algorithms. Then, we analyze the obtained solutions using the statistical procedure proposed in the paper. The proposed procedure contains the following: (i) the behavior analysis of the algorithms when solving the CEED problem, using non-parametric tests, and (ii) the ranking of the algorithms using the PROMETHEE/GAIA multi-criteria decision-making method. The behavior analysis is performed for two cases: (i) when solving individual variants of the CEED problem (single-problem analysis) and (ii) when solving a set of CEED variants (multiple-problem analysis). The results of the applied procedure for the test system with six generators show that PSO-CGSA has (i) the best solution for each tested variant of the CEED problem; (ii) the best standard deviation, mean value, error rate, and behavior for the CEED variant with a bi-objective function that simultaneously minimizes fuel cost and emission, taking into account the valve point effect; and (iii) the best rank when solving a set of CEED variants.
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
In modern business, Industry 4.0 has brought in a technological transformation in which digital technologies provide improving quality in many aspects. Therefore, this research aims to explore the ...influence of leadership on quality achievements within Industry 4.0, connoting Quality 4.0. Accordingly, this research observes the mutual relations among all QMS elements encompassed in ISO 9004:2018 in the context of Quality 4.0. The developed research model consists of one independent variable: Leadership; and five dependent variables: Context and Identity; Resource Management; Process Management; Performance Management; Improvement, Learning, and Innovation. The survey is carried out through a questionnaire distributed among 345 companies of different types, ages, sizes, and industries. Gathered data are analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM) to perceive relationships between the variables. Findings indicate a direct positive influence among all observed variables, except the influence of Process Management on Improvement, Learning, and Innovation as Quality 4.0 achievements. The findings could have significant implications on leaders' knowledge on investigating a roadmap to implement the well-based QMS to achieve sustainable results in Quality 4.0 improvement, learning, and innovation.
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BFBNIB, GIS, IJS, KISLJ, NUK, PNG, UL, UM, UPUK
There is a wide spectrum of industries and company-level features that influence the application of Corporate Social Responsibility to improve the business's sustainability. This study aims to ...examine the understanding of the Corporate Social Responsibility concept and the impact of its implementation on sustainability in companies. Therefore, the research proposed and tested two scenarios where five industries sectors were ranked according to the importance (scenario 1) and implementation (scenario 2) of Corporate Social Responsibility activities. The integrated Entropy-TOSIS method to obtain results was employed. The research data were obtained from interviewing employees from Serbia, Russia, and Bulgaria working in various industries. The findings of this study revealed certain differences in perception and implementation of Corporate Social Responsibility depending on the country where the concept is applied as well as among the industries with their specific needs for sustainable development goals achieving. This research can be useful for engineering managers as a roadmap for reaching sustainable business while fulfilling economic, social, and environmental norms as well as stakeholder expectations.
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BFBNIB, GIS, IJS, KISLJ, NUK, PNG, UL, UM, UPUK
Industry 4.0 brings a revolution in using information and communication technologies within business activities. As such, Industry 4.0 enables important space for quality-related improvements but ...requires a sustained quality management system (QMS). The aim of this study is to predict the influence of ISO 9004:2018 QMS elements on Improvement, Learning, and Innovation achievements in Industry 4.0 using the SEM-ANN approach. The survey included 345 domestic and international companies of different types operating in Serbia. Conclusions demonstrate a direct positive influence between observed constructs (Leadership, Process Management, Resource Management, Performance Management) and Improvement, Learning, and Innovation. Only the Context and Identity of the organisation has a negative direction drawn from SEM analysis. Further, ANN verified SEM results, pointing out that all observed variables are seen as predictors of Improvement, Learning, and Innovation. The importance level corresponds to those elements' SEM ranking. The paper could provide a roadmap towards achieving sustainable results in quality improvement, learning, and innovation in Industry 4.0 era.
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BFBNIB, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
The paper aims to perform an objective comparative analysis of the business climate for entrepreneurship development in European countries in 2021 and group them according to the quality of the ...business climate. The research uses thirteen criteria from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor report and TOPSIS methodology combined with entropy to perform a comparative analysis of the business climate for entrepreneurship development in selected European economies in 2021. Usage of TOPSIS and entropy method based on the last available data enabled objective and the most accurate evaluation and ranking of countries, taking into account all observed criteria. According to the study, the ranking of European economies indicates that the Netherlands has the most favorable business climate for entrepreneurship development, considering all observed criteria, while Belarus is ranked in the last position. According to relative closeness to the ideal solution (Ci*), the four clusters of countries are derived. Besides the Netherlands, Lithuania, Norway, and Finland were also dedicated to the first cluster, indicating that these economies obtained the most favorable conditions for entrepreneurship development during the pandemic crisis. On the other hand, former command economies and Greece and Cyprus are placed in Cluster IV since they haven’t supported entrepreneurs with sufficient and appropriate economic policy and regulatory reforms.
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