Exposure to chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear (CBRN) threats and hazards can have fatal or disabling consequences. One of the most risky groups in terms of secondary contamination in ...CBRN exposure is healthcare workers. Nurses need to have several competencies to be able to respond correctly to people exposed to CBRN agents and to protect themselves from secondary contamination.
This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of a Bloom’s Mastery Learning Model-based Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear Threat and Hazards Preparedness Program for nursing students (MLM-CBRN Preparedness Program) as a means for improving knowledge, attitudes, self-efficacy and skills.
A parallel-group trial design was used.
A total of 104 4th-year nursing students were randomized into intervention and control groups. The data from the participants were collected before the intervention, immediately after the intervention and in the 1st and 3rd months after the intervention.
After the intervention, a significant difference was observed between the groups in terms of knowledge, attitude and self-efficacy scores. It was seen that there was a significant difference between the pre-intervention measurement (1st measurement) and the 2nd, 3rd and 4th measurements (Table 2). This was due to the increasing scores of the intervention group (p < 0.05).
It shows that the MLM-CBRN Preparedness Program is effective in increasing the knowledge, attitude, self-efficacy and skill development of student nurses about CBRN threats and dangers.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Objective: To evaluate the reasons behind choosing Atatürk University Faculty of Dentistry among the enrolled students in the academic terms of 2019-2020 and 2020-2021. Methods: The study was ...conducted by survey data collection method. The surveys were applied to a total of 202 students whom are enrolled in the faculty of dentistry for 2019-2020 academic year and a total of 168 students for 2020-2021 academic year. Descriptive, frequency analysis, and cross tables were used in statistical analysis of the data obtained. Results: As a result of the analysis, it was found that the preference order of Atatürk University Faculty of Dentistry was 8.6 ± 5.5 for the students of the 2019-2020 academic term and 9.7 ± 6.1 for the students of the 2020-2021 academic term. Conclusion: As a result of the answers to the questionnaire questions, it was found that the students whom are enrolled in our faculty in both terms preferred the dentistry profession and our faculty with prior knowledge, and that the pandemic period did not have a significant effect on their preferences such as profession, city, university. Keywords: Choice of profession, Covid-19, Dentistry, Education Atatürk Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesini Kazanan Öğrencilerin Meslek ve Fakülte Tercih Nedenlerinin İncelenmesi ÖZ Amaç: Bu çalışmada, Atatürk Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi’ni 2019-2020 ve 2020-2021 akademik dönemlerinde kazanan öğrencilerin meslek ve fakülte tercih nedenlerinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlandı. Yöntemler: Çalışma anket ile veri toplama yöntemi ile gerçekleştirildi. Anketler 2019-2020 akademik döneminde diş hekimliği fakültesini kazanan toplam 202 öğrenciye, 2020-2021 akademik döneminde ise toplam 168 öğrenciye uygulandı. Elde edilen verilerin istatistiksel analizinde deskriptif, frekans analizi ve çapraz tablolardan yararlanıldı. Bulgular: Yapılan analizler sonucunda Atatürk Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi’nin tercih sıralamasının 2019-2020 akademik dönem öğrencileri için 8.6±5.5, 2020-2021 akademik dönem öğrencileri için ise 9.7 ±6.1 olduğu görüldü. Sonuç: Anket sorularına verilen cevaplar neticesinde her iki dönemde de fakültemizi kazanan öğrencilerin diş hekimliği mesleğini ve fakültemizi önceden bilgi sahibi olarak tercih ettikleri; pandemi döneminin meslek, şehir, üniversite gibi tercihler üzerinde önemli bir etkisinin olmadığı sonucuna varıldı. Anahtar Kelimeler : Covid-19, Diş hekimliği, Meslek seçimi, Öğrenci
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are considered a heterogeneous cell population. To further resolve the HSC compartment, we characterized a retinoic acid (RA) reporter mouse line. Sub-fractionation of ...the HSC compartment in RA-CFP reporter mice demonstrated that RA-CFP-dim HSCs were largely non-proliferative and displayed superior engraftment potential in comparison with RA-CFP-bright HSCs. Gene expression analysis demonstrated higher expression of RA-target genes in RA-CFP-dim HSCs, in contrast to the RA-CFP reporter expression, but both RA-CFP-dim and RA-CFP-bright HSCs responded efficiently to RA in vitro. Single-cell RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) of >1,200 HSCs showed that differences in cell cycle activity constituted the main driver of transcriptional heterogeneity in HSCs. Moreover, further analysis of the single-cell RNA-seq data revealed that stochastic low-level expression of distinct lineage-affiliated transcriptional programs is a common feature of HSCs. Collectively, this work demonstrates the utility of the RA-CFP reporter line as a tool for the isolation of superior HSCs.
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•The RA-CFP reporter can be used for sub-fractionation of HSCs•RA-CFP-dim HSCs are endowed with superior engraftment potential•RA-CFP-dim HSC are slow cycling and enriched in label-retaining cells•Transcriptional heterogeneity within HSCs is associated with cell cycle differences
HSCs are considered a functional heterogeneous population. Lauridsen et al. use scRNA-seq to demonstrate that most transcriptional heterogeneity within the HSC compartment is associated with differences in cell cycle status. They further use an RA-CFP reporter mouse line to isolate slow-cycling HSCs characterized by superior engraftment potential.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Complete surgical resection of glioblastoma is difficult due to the invasive nature of this primary brain tumor, for which the molecular mechanisms behind remain poorly understood. The three human
...genes play key roles in cellular motility, and have been linked to metastasis and poor prognosis in other cancer types. The aim of this study was to investigate methylation levels of the
genes and their correlation to clinical characteristics and outcome in patients diagnosed with glioblastoma. To measure DNA methylation levels we designed pyrosequencing assays targeting the promoter CpG island of each the
genes. These were applied to diagnostic tumor specimens from a well-characterized cohort of 121 patients who received standard treatment consisting of surgery, radiation therapy, plus concomitant and adjuvant chemotherapy. The promoter methylation levels of
and
were generally low, whereas
methylation levels were high, in the tumor biopsies. Thirteen, six, and 18 biopsies were defined as aberrantly methylated for
,
and
, respectively. There were no significant associations between the methylation status of any of the
gene promoter CpG islands and overall survival, progression-free survival, and clinical characteristics of the patients including intracranial tumor location. Therefore, the methylation status of the
gene promoter CpG islands is unlikely to have prognostic value in glioblastoma.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Cladribine has been approved for the treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS) and its administration results in a long-lasting depletion of lymphocytes. As lymphopenia is known to hamper immune responses ...to vaccination, we evaluated the immunogenicity of the influenza vaccine in patients undergoing cladribine treatment at different stages vs. controls. The antibody response in 90 cladribine-treated MS patients was prospectively compared with 10 control subjects receiving platform immunotherapy (NCT05019248). Serum samples were collected before and six months after vaccination. Response to vaccination was determined by the hemagglutination-inhibition test. Postvaccination seroprotection rates against influenza A were comparable in cladribine-treated patients and controls (H1N1: 94.4% vs. 100%; H3N2: 92.2% vs. 90.0%). Influenza B response was lower in the cladribine cohort (61.1% vs. 80%). The increase in geometric mean titers was lower in the cladribine group vs. controls (H1N1: +98.5 vs. +188.1; H3N2: +225.3 vs. +300.0; influenza B: +40.0 vs. +78.4); however, titers increased in both groups for all strains. Seroprotection was achieved irrespective of vaccination timing and lymphocyte subset counts at the time of vaccination in the cladribine cohort. To conclude, cladribine-treated MS patients can mount an adequate immune response to influenza independently of treatment duration and time interval to the last cladribine administration.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
In previous studies, a below-average, average, or above-average intelligence quotient (IQ) in children with SMA was detected but, aside from a severe physical disability, the cognitive performance of ...adult SMA patients has not yet been evaluated. The intelligence test used in this study, the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, fourth edition (WAIS-IV), was used to measure major intelligence components of adult SMA patients. The WAIS-IV determines four index scores representing verbal comprehension, perceptual reasoning, working memory, and processing speed. Due to time-dependent demands on motor function, the processing speed index score was excluded. IQ index scores of 33 adult SMA patients did not differ from IQ index scores of the normal population. In SMA type-3 patients, the index scores for verbal comprehension, perceptual reasoning, and working memory did not differ from the normal population but showed a trend of IQ scores towards lower points. Patients with SMA type 2 had lower IQ index scores for working memory (90.33 ± 12.95; p = 0.012) and perceptual reasoning (90.73 ± 12.58; p = 0.013) than the normal population. This study provided further evidence that SMA is a multi-systemic disease and may refute the widespread hypothesis that SMA patients might improve their cognitive skills to compensate for their physical impairment.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Abstract
Intermittent low-dose treatment with parathyroid hormone (PTH) analogues has become widely used in the treatment of severe osteoporosis. During normal physiological conditions, PTH ...stimulates both bone formation and resorption, and in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism, bone loss is frequent. However, development of the biochemical measurement of PTH in the 1980s led us to understand the regulation of PTH secretion and calcium metabolism which subsequently paved the way for the use of PTH as an anabolic treatment of osteoporosis as, when given intermittently, it has strong anabolic effects in bone. This could not have taken place without the basic understanding achieved by the biochemical measurements of PTH. The stimulatory effects of PTH on bone formation have been explained by the so-called 'anabolic window', which means that during PTH treatment, bone formation is in excess over bone resorption during the first 6-18 months. This is due to the following: (1) PTH up-regulates c-fos expression in bone cells, (2) IGF is essential for PTH's anabolic effect, (3) bone lining cells are driven to differentiate into osteoblasts, (4) mesenchymal stem cells adhesion to bone surface is enhanced, (5) PTH has a direct antiapoptotic effect on osteoblasts and (6) when PTH interferes with remodelling, the osteoblasts over-compensate, and (7) PTH also decreases sclerostin levels, thereby removing inhibition of Wnt signalling which is required for PTH's anabolic actions. Thus, the net formative effect of PTH given in intermittent treatment emerges through a complex network of pathways. In summary, the effects of PTH on bone turnover are dependent on the mode and dose of administration and studies investigating the mechanisms underlying this effect are reviewed in this article.
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DOBA, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Previous studies have shown that cyclodextrin group medicines bind to various drugs. The hypothesis of our study is to determine whether sugammadex could bind to digoxin and delay the cardiovascular ...toxicity of that drug. Twenty-eight sedated Wistar rats were infused with digoxin at 3 mg/h (0.25 mg/ml). Five minutes after the start of infusion, animals were treated with a bolus of either 16 mg/kg (Sgdx16), 100 mg/kg (Sgdx100), or 1000 mg/kg (Sgdx1000) sugammadex. The control group infusion did not contain sugammadex. Heart rate, electrocardiography, and respiratory rate were monitored. The primary endpoint was time to asystole. Digoxin infusion continued until the animals arrested. The time to asystole for the Sgdx1000 group was significantly longer compared to that for the control group (
p
< 0.05). The mean lethal dose of digoxin was 5.35 ± 2.06 mg/kg in the saline-treated rats. On the other hand, the mean lethal dose of digoxin was 8.54 ± 1.51 mg/kg in the sugammadex 1000 group (
p
< 0.05). The mean lethal dose of digoxin was significantly higher than control group (
p
< 0.05). We found that the 1000 mg/kg dose of sugammadex delayed digoxin cardiotoxicity in a rat model of digoxin toxicity. We conclude that further research must be conducted on the interaction between digoxin and sugammadex.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OBVAL, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
Anadolu Selçuklu Devleti Tarihi, gerek siyasi, gerekse sosyo-kültürel açıdan, henüz tam anlamı
ile gün yüzüne çıkmamış değerli bir hazine olarak önümüzde durmaktadır. Tarihin anlaşılması ve
...aktarılmasında, tarihi ve kültürel yapıların önemi büyüktür. Türk-İslâm tarihinin her biri birbirinden
kıymetli olan yapıları, tarihi bir hazine olarak kültürümüze büyük katkılar sağlamaktadır. Bu
çalışmada adı geçen hazinelerden biri olan ve İzzeddin Mehmet Pervâne tarafından 1299-1300 (699)
yıllarında tanzim edilen Amasya Burmalı Minare Camii’ne ait vakıf hakkında bilgi verilecektir. II.
Gıyaseddin Keyhüsrev’in vezirlerinden olan Ferruh Bey ve kardeşi Hazinedar Yusuf Bey tarafından
1242 (640) yılında yapılan Amasya Burmalı Minare Camii, Amasya il merkezinde, “Dere mahallesi
Taşhan Sokak’ta” bulunmaktadır ve halen faal durumdadır. Araştırmanın kaynaklarını Burmalı
Minare Camii’nin Vakıflar Genel Müdürlüğü Arşivi'nde bulunan vakfiyesi ile yine aynı arşivde bulunan Osmanlı dönemi vakıf kayıtları oluşturmaktadır. Bunların yanı sıra Selçuklu tarihinin ana
kaynaklarından ve modern araştırmalarından yararlanılmıştır.
Aim: This research was conducted with the aim to determine the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Solid Waste Management Scale in health institutions. Method: The study population ...consisted of nurses working in two different hospitals (918 + 939 = 1857 nurses). The samples were selected from the universe using the improbable sampling method. The data were collected by a Personal Information Form and the Solid Waste Management Scale in Healthcare Institutions. The data were analyzed based on the computations of descriptive statistics including mean, standard deviation, frequencies, percentages, Cronbach’s alpha reliability coefficient, Pearson Product Moments Correlation, Factor Analysis, Bartlett’s Test, and Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Test. Results: The content validity index of the scale was found to be 0.98. The Cronbach’s alpha reliability coefficients of the scale ranged between 0.59, and 0.73, while the item factor loads between 0.31, and 0.94, and the item-total correlation values between 0.21, and 0.77. The factorial structure of the scale was confirmed as a result of the Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analyses. Conclusion: The Turkish version of the Solid Waste Management Scale in Health Institutions showed that it is a valid and reliable tool for determining the level of knowledge and attitudes of nurses working in health institutions about solid waste management. This scale, whose validity and reliability has been tested, can be used to determine the attitudes and knowledge levels of nurses working in health institutions on solid waste management.
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