Importance of heat and mass transmission is intensified remarkably in many engineering and technological process such as air conditioning, equipment power collectors, damage of crops, food ...processing, heat exchangers, refrigeration and many more. Main focus of this exploration is to disclose a mathematical modeling of chemically reactive Maxwell nanofluid for axisymmetric flow case by considering Cattaneo-Christov heat flux model and revised nanofluid model. Additionally, Arrhenius activation energy and magnetic field aspects are invoked. Furthermore, heat source/sink and nonlinear radiation repercussions are accounted. The essential partial differential equations of this exploration are modeled with the assistance of boundary layer estimation and then reconstructed into nonlinear ordinary differential equations by invoking proper transformation. Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg scheme is deployed to establish numerical solutions of this inspection. It is interesting to reveal that fluid temperature and associated boundary layer thickness grow due to enhancement of temperature ratio parameter and heat source parameter. Additionally, higher estimation of magnetic parameter and radiation parameter reflect in the depreciation of wall heat transfer. Furthermore, nanoparticle concentration is denigrated for exalting values of reaction rate parameter. For the endorsement of this communication, a comparison assessment is established with existing investigation and disseminated in excellent resemblance.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
This study aimed to examine the role of institutional quality on environment and energy consumption for 66 developing countries by using data from 1991 to 2017. Different environmental indicators ...such as CO
2
emissions, CH
4
emissions, forest area, organic water pollutants, and energy consumption. The paper constructs institutional quality index by covering three main aspects: political stability, administrative capacity, and democratic accountability. System generalized method of moments results reveal that institutional quality has a positive impact on most of the environmental indicators such as CO
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emissions, CH
4
emissions, and forest area. Institutional quality was having a positive impact on energy consumption based on oil and fossil fuel resources. Furthermore, it results in a signal that economic globalization has not increased environmental quality over time in developing countries.
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CEKLJ, EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
Environmental degradation has been a major concern for nations globally in recent years as carbon emissions have increased. Environmental degradation, if not controlled, is one of the dangers faced ...by humankind, and achieving sustainable development goals is not possible without improving environmental quality. Thus, reliable carbon emission measurement plays an important role in developing an effective climate strategy to address the current environmental issues. Following the trade-adjusted carbon emission measure, an effective climate strategy can be formulated especially following the 17 United Nation Sustainable Development Goals that are intended to lead to improvements toward a sustainable future. To fill the gap in the literature, we empirically explore the interrelationship between foreign capital flows and environmental quality measured by trade-adjusted consumption-based carbon dioxide (CCO
2
) emissions for a panel of 125 countries in 1990–2018 by revisiting the pollution haven hypothesis (PHH). The results obtained using system GMM analysis show that FDI has a significantly positive link with CCO
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in Asia and Africa, but the links between these two variables are insignificant in the Latin American, Caribbean, and European regions. In the cases of the full-sample and developing countries, a significantly positive relationship is found between FDI and CCO
2
. In the case of income-based samples, results reveal that FDI is the cause of environmental degradation in low-income, lower-middle-income, and upper-middle-income countries. These findings suggest that developing countries should adopt environmentally friendly policies to attract foreign investors by setting strict regulations on environmental pollution control to achieve sustainable development goals (SDGs).
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CEKLJ, EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
Undeniably, peace and long-term sustainable economic development are the prime agenda of all countries. This study aims to empirically evaluate the impact of military spending on economic growth for ...a panel of 35 non-OECD countries over 1988–2019. A multivariate regression model based on the augmented production function is used to achieve the objective of the study. The panel autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL)/pooled mean group (PMG) technique is employed, while, in addition the robust least squares and fixed-effect estimators are implemented for the robustness of the results. This study found a clear negative effect of military spending on economic growth. The pairwise Dumitrescu Hurlin panel causality test results exhibit bi-directional causality between military expenses and economic growth. Overall, these estimates provide strong support that military expenditure is not beneficial rather detrimental to economic growth. The empirical findings of this study suggest that policymakers need to redesign the military budget to stimulate economic growth and improve social welfare.
Military spending; Economic growth; Non-OECD countries; Balanced panel data.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
In the current era, a widespread threat faced by many countries is global warming and climate change due to excessive carbon emissions from transportation and other types of environmentally hazardous ...activities. As a result, on the one hand while several countries are not able to utilize their resources fully, on the other hand, they are striving to maintain a clean and green environment for sustainable development. A lot of attention is now being paid by policy makers and national governments to address to the threats of global warming and climate changes. This study makes an empirical investigation of the relationships among corruption, democracy, tourism and environmental degradation, with carbon dioxide (CO
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) emissions acting as a hazard to environment in selected low-, lower-middle-, upper-middle- and high-income countries. Aggregate and disaggregate panel data were used for the period of 1995–2015, employing Fully Modified Ordinary Least Squares (FMOLS) method of panel and Dumitrescu Hurlin Panel Causality Tests. The findings suggest that endemic corruption and tourism are key contributors to CO
2
emissions. The study has also revealed that the impact of CO
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emissions is more in low-income countries than in high-income countries since findings indicate that democracy proves helpful in high-income countries to reduce CO
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emissions. The Granger causality test showed bidirectional causality between democracy and tourism variables and between corruption and CO
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emissions variables. The Granger causality results also reveal a unidirectional causality running from tourism to CO
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emissions and from tourism to corruption.
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CEKLJ, EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
An increasing number of studies reveal that tourism industry makes a substantial contribution towards socioeconomic growth and development of tourism led economies. However, tourism steered economic ...growth and development is achieved at the cost of environmental pollution and degradation. The main objective of this study is to examine the effect of tourists’ arrivals on environmental pollution caused by Carbon Dioxide emissions in Malaysia, Thailand and Singapore over the period of 1990–2014. Some other regressors namely energy consumption and income are also used in the multivariate model. The Zivot–Andrews test is employed to determine unit-root and presence of structural break in the data. Fully Modified Ordinary Least Squares estimator is used as an analytical technique for unknown parameters estimation. The empirical results reveal that tourism has a significant positive effect on environmental pollution in Malaysia. However, an inverse relationship between tourism and environmental pollution is observed in Thailand and Singapore. Empirical findings suggest that sustainable economic growth and development should be ensured by implementing prudent public policy where host governments must strive to promote socially and environmentally responsible tourism industries in their respective countries.
•Examines the effect of tourism on environmental pollution in selected ASEAN countries (Malaysia, Thailand, Singapore).•The method of FMOLS estimator is used as an analytical technique.•The effect of tourism on environment is found significantly positive in Malaysia, while negative for Thailand and Singapore•Empirical findings suggest that sustainable economic growth should be ensured by implementing prudent public policies.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
Understanding the genetic regulatory code governing gene expression is an important challenge in molecular biology. However, how individual coding and non-coding regions of the gene regulatory ...structure interact and contribute to mRNA expression levels remains unclear. Here we apply deep learning on over 20,000 mRNA datasets to examine the genetic regulatory code controlling mRNA abundance in 7 model organisms ranging from bacteria to Human. In all organisms, we can predict mRNA abundance directly from DNA sequence, with up to 82% of the variation of transcript levels encoded in the gene regulatory structure. By searching for DNA regulatory motifs across the gene regulatory structure, we discover that motif interactions could explain the whole dynamic range of mRNA levels. Co-evolution across coding and non-coding regions suggests that it is not single motifs or regions, but the entire gene regulatory structure and specific combination of regulatory elements that define gene expression levels.
PurposeThis study aims to explore and empirically test variables influencing material delivery schedule inaccuracies?Design/methodology/approachA mixed-method case approach is applied. Explanatory ...variables are identified from the literature and explored in a qualitative analysis at an automotive original equipment manufacturer. Using logistic regression and random forest classification models, quantitative data (historical schedule transactions and internal data) enables the testing of the predictive difference of variables under various planning horizons and inaccuracy levels.FindingsThe effects on delivery schedule inaccuracies are contingent on a decoupling point, and a variable may have a combined amplifying (complexity generating) and stabilizing (complexity absorbing) moderating effect. Product complexity variables are significant regardless of the time horizon, and the item’s order life cycle is a significant variable with predictive differences that vary. Decoupling management is identified as a mechanism for generating complexity absorption capabilities contributing to delivery schedule accuracy.Practical implicationsThe findings provide guidelines for exploring and finding patterns in specific variables to improve material delivery schedule inaccuracies and input into predictive forecasting models.Originality/valueThe findings contribute to explaining material delivery schedule variations, identifying potential root causes and moderators, empirically testing and validating effects and conceptualizing features that cause and moderate inaccuracies in relation to decoupling management and complexity theory literature?
A huge amount of data, generated by Internet of Things (IoT), is growing up exponentially based on nonstop operational states. Those IoT devices are generating an avalanche of information that is ...disruptive for predictable data processing and analytics functionality, which is perfectly handled by the cloud before explosion growth of IoT. Fog computing structure confronts those disruptions, with powerful complement functionality of cloud framework, based on deployment of micro clouds (fog nodes) at proximity edge of data sources. Particularly big IoT data analytics by fog computing structure is on emerging phase and requires extensive research to produce more proficient knowledge and smart decisions. This survey summarizes the fog challenges and opportunities in the context of big IoT data analytics on fog networking. In addition, it emphasizes that the key characteristics in some proposed research works make the fog computing a suitable platform for new proliferating IoT devices, services, and applications. Most significant fog applications (e.g., health care monitoring, smart cities, connected vehicles, and smart grid) will be discussed here to create a well-organized green computing paradigm to support the next generation of IoT applications.
The prime objective of the current research is to investigate factors affecting foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows into BRICS countries with a special focus on energy impact on FDI inflows from ...1990 to 2018. The empirical results of pane fully modified ordinary least squares (F.M.O.L.S.), dynamics ordinary least squares (D.O.L.S.), Cross-sectional autoregressive distributed lag estimators (CS-ARDL), Augmented Mean Group estimator (AMG), and Common Correlated Effects Mean Group Estimator (CCEMG) exhibits that all variables have statistically positive, while inflation rate has negative effect on FDI. The long-run results suggest that both types of energy utilization (i.e., renewable & non-renewable) are positively contribute to FDI inflows. In terms of magnitude, the effect of renewable energy utilization is higher as compared to non-renewable energy utilization on FDI. Moreover, market size (GDP), trade, and tourism are the key driver of FDI inflows. In contrast, economic de-stability measured through inflation rate discourages FDI inflows into BRICS countries. These findings recommend that the legislature of BRICS countries need to extend the global and national plan to manage the FDI inflows, but it also needs to increase the utilization of renewable energy in the BRICS region and thereby bolster social welfare.
•We explore the role of energy use in the determining FDI inflows in BRICS.•We implement the methods of F.M.O.L.S., D.O.L.S., CS-ARDL, AMG, and CCEMG and panel Granger causality test.•Empirical estimates reveal that renewable and non-renewable energy are the key determinants of FDI inflows.•Market size, trade, and tourism are also the key driver of FDI, while inflation rate deters FDI into the BRICS countries.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
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