Theoretical models of low-energy (d, p) single-neutron transfer reactions are a crucial link between experimentation, nuclear structure, and nuclear astrophysical studies. Whereas reaction models ...that use local optical potentials are insensitive to short-range physics in the deuteron, we show that including the inherent nonlocality of the nucleon-target interactions and realistic deuteron wave functions generates significant sensitivity to high n-p relative momenta and to the underlying nucleon-nucleon interaction. We quantify this effect upon the deuteron channel distorting potentials within the framework of the adiabatic deuteron breakup model. The implications for calculated (d, p) cross sections and spectroscopic information deduced from experiments are discussed.
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Both the inherent intractability and complex beauty of turbulence reside in its large range of physical and temporal scales. This range of scales is captured by the Reynolds number, which in nature ...and in many engineering applications can be as large as 10(5)-10(6). Here, we report turbulence measurements over an unprecedented range of Reynolds numbers using a unique combination of a high-pressure air facility and a new nanoscale anemometry probe. The results reveal previously unknown universal scaling behavior for the turbulent velocity fluctuations, which is remarkably similar to the well-known scaling behavior of the mean velocity distribution.
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Physical activity is a modifiable risk factor for health and wellbeing, all-cause mortality and healthy aging. However, for middle- to older-age females less is known about the benefits of sports ...participation on these outcomes. Further, the acceptability and feasibility of setting-up, implementing and maintaining sports-based programmes for an aging population is an understudied area of inquiry. The current study used the RE-AIM framework to investigate a nationwide Walking Netball (WN) programme. The evaluation used a mixed-methods approach incorporating a multiple-baseline study, quasi-experimental study, programme monitoring data and qualitative studies to evaluate the programme in the Women's Institutes (WI) in England. Data were analysed using multilevel growth modelling, mixed-design ANOVAs, multilevel regression, t-testing, and thematic analysis. Data were triangulated to address each dimension of the RE-AIM framework. The programme reached 1.4% (n = 3148) of the WI population across 82.0% of WI regions in England and attracted inactive members at risk of ill-health. WN contributed to adaptations in physical function, mental health and wellbeing, social isolation, quality of life and increased physical activity. The adoption of the programme was successful with 87.7% WN groups' maintaining participation beyond the 20-session initial delivery phase. Adoption was effective because of its set-up, peer-mentorship and long-term delivery; these factors likewise shaped implementation. Adapting and tailoring WN to the varying characteristics of participants within the WI and the facilities available, along with training delivery staff and providing resources are key programme components. The Walking Netball programme can be maintained through promotion within the local community, sustainable funding, inter-WI competitions, festivals and networks, multiple-hosts and continued host development. WN was found to be an acceptable, feasible and effective intervention to increase physical activity and improve health in middle- to older- aged women. Future programmes may consider adapted styles of set-up and delivery. These include adapting to people, places and spaces through personalised support and providing a range of resources. Future designs may seek to understand how participation can contribute to healthy aging through longitudinal research beyond 12-months.
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Inequities in access to health services are a global concern and a concern for Canadian populations living in rural areas. Rural children hospitalized at tertiary children's hospitals have higher ...rates of medical complexity and experience more expensive hospitalizations and more frequent readmissions. The 2 tertiary pediatric hospitals in Alberta, Canada, have already been operating above capacity, but the pediatric beds at regional hospitals are underused. Such imbalance could lead to poor patient safety and increased readmission risk at tertiary pediatric hospitals and diminish the clinical exposure of regional pediatric health care providers, erode their confidence, and compel health systems to further reduce the capacity at regional sites. A Telemedicine Rounding and Consultation for Kids (TRaC-K) model was proposed to enable health care providers at Alberta Children's Hospital to partner with their counterparts at Medicine Hat Regional Hospital to provide inpatient clinical care for pediatric patients who would otherwise have to travel or be transferred to the tertiary site.
The aim of this study is to identify perceived barriers and enablers to implementing the TRaC-K model.
This study was guided by the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) and used qualitative methods. We collected qualitative data from 42 participants from tertiary and regional hospitals through 31 semistructured interviews and 2 focus groups. These data were thematically analyzed to identify major subthemes within each TDF domain. These subthemes were further aggregated and categorized into barriers or enablers to implementing the TRaC-K model and were tabulated separately.
Our study identified 31 subthemes in 14 TDF domains, ranging from administrative issues to specific clinical conditions. We were able to merge these subthemes into larger themes and categorize them into 4 barriers and 4 enablers. Our findings showed that the barriers were lack of awareness of telemedicine, skills to provide virtual clinical care, unclear processes and resources to support TRaC-K, and concerns about clear roles and responsibilities. The enablers were health care providers' motivation to provide care closer to home, supporting system resource stewardship, site and practice compatibility, and motivation to strengthen tertiary-regional relationships.
This systematic inquiry into the perceived barriers and enablers to the implementation of TRaC-K helped us to gain insights from various health care providers' and family members' perspectives. We will use these findings to design interventions to overcome the identified barriers and harness the enablers to encourage successful implementation of TRaC-K. These findings will inform the implementation of telemedicine-based interventions in pediatric settings in other parts of Canada and beyond.
RR2-10.1186/s12913-018-3859-2.
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The Anglo-Australian Observatory 2dF facility Lewis, I. J.; Cannon, R. D.; Taylor, K. ...
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society,
06/2002, Volume:
333, Issue:
2
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
The 2dF (Two-degree Field) facility at the prime focus of the Anglo-Australian Telescope provides multiple-object spectroscopy over a 2° field of view. Up to 400 target fibres can be independently ...positioned by a complex robot. Two spectrographs provide spectra with resolutions of between 500 and 2000, over wavelength ranges of 440 and 110 nm respectively. The 2dF facility began routine observations in 1997. 2dF was designed primarily for galaxy redshift surveys and has a number of innovative features. The large corrector lens incorporates an atmospheric dispersion compensator, essential for wide wavelength coverage with small-diameter fibres. The instrument has two full sets of fibres on separate field plates, so that re-configuring can be done in parallel with observing. The robot positioner places one fibre every 6 s, to a precision of 0.3 arcsec (20 μm) over the full field. All components of 2dF, including the spectrographs, are mounted on a 5-m diameter telescope top end ring for ease of handling and to keep the optical fibres short in order to maximize UV throughput. There is a pipeline data reduction system which allows each data set to be fully analysed while the next field is being observed. 2dF has achieved its initial astronomical goals. The redshift surveys obtain spectra at the rate of 2500 galaxies per night, yielding a total of about 200 000 objects in the first four years. Typically a B=19 galaxy gives a spectrum with a signal-to-noise ratio of better than 10 per pixel in less than an hour; redshifts are derived for about 95 per cent of all galaxies, with 99 per cent reliability or better. Total system throughput is about 5 per cent. The failure rate of the positioner and fibre system is about 1:10 000 moves or once every few nights, and recovery time is usually short. In this paper we provide the historical background to the 2dF facility, the design philosophy, a full technical description and a summary of the performance of the instrument. We also briefly review its scientific applications and possible future developments.
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This paper presents results of searches for the electroweak production of supersymmetric particles in models with compressed mass spectra. The searches use 139 fb−1 of √s = 13 TeV proton-proton ...collision data collected by the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider. Events with missing transverse momentum and two same-flavor, oppositely charged, low-transverse-momentum leptons are selected, and are further categorized by the presence of hadronic activity from initial-state radiation or a topology compatible with vector-boson fusion processes. The data are found to be consistent with predictions from the Standard Model. The results are interpreted using simplified models of R-parity-conserving supersymmetry in which the lightest supersymmetric partner is a neutralino with a mass similar to the lightest chargino, the second-to-lightest neutralino, or the slepton. Lower limits on the masses of charginos in different simplified models range from 193 to 240 GeV for moderate mass splittings, and extend down to mass splittings of 1.5 to 2.4 GeV at the LEP chargino bounds (92.4 GeV). Similar lower limits on degenerate light-flavor sleptons extend up to masses of 251 GeV and down to mass splittings of 550 MeV. Constraints on vector-boson fusion production of electroweak SUSY states are also presented.
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A search for heavy neutral Higgs bosons is performed using the LHC Run 2 data, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb−1 of proton-proton collisions at √s = 13 TeV recorded with the ...ATLAS detector. The search for heavy resonances is performed over the mass range 0.2–2.5 TeV for the τ+ τ− decay with at least one τ -lepton decaying into final states with hadrons. The data are in good agreement with the background prediction of the standard model. In the Mh125 scenario of the minimal supersymmetric standard model, values of tan β > 8 and tan β > 21 are excluded at the 95% confidence level for neutral Higgs boson masses of 1.0 and 1.5 TeV, respectively, where tan β is the ratio of the vacuum expectation values of the two Higgs doublets.
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Purpose
Primary care studies suggest that thrombocytosis (platelet counts > 400 × 10
9
/L) is associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). We aimed to establish whether this marker ...has significant stratification value in patients seen in secondary care.
Methods
A retrospective review of 2991 patients referred to our colorectal 2-week-wait (2WW) pathway between August 2014 and August 2017. Patient demographics were recorded prospectively, and local electronic records systems were used to retrieve full blood counts (FBC) and cancer diagnoses. Patients with no recent platelet count at the time of referral or incomplete records were excluded.
Results
2236 patients were included in this evaluation. There was no significant difference in the age distribution of those with thrombocytosis and those without. There were significantly more females in the thrombocytosis group (72.1% vs 53.9%, chi-squared 24.63,
p
< 0.0001). 130 CRCs were detected (5.8%) and patients with thrombocytosis were more likely to have CRC (OR 2.62, 95% CI 1.60–4.30). The CRC diagnosis rate was significantly higher in females with thrombocytosis (10.3% vs 2.9%, chi-squared 19.41,
p
< 0.0001) and males with thrombocytosis (16.1% vs 7.9%, chi-squared 4.62,
p
= 0.032).
Conclusion
Thrombocytosis appears to have stratification value in the 2WW population. Further evaluation of its value alone or in combination with other stratification tests is required.
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The algorithms used by the ATLAS Collaboration during Run 2 of the Large Hadron Collider to identify jets containing
b
-hadrons are presented. The performance of the algorithms is evaluated in the ...simulation and the efficiency with which these algorithms identify jets containing
b
-hadrons is measured in collision data. The measurement uses a likelihood-based method in a sample highly enriched in
t
t
¯
events. The topology of the
t
→
W
b
decays is exploited to simultaneously measure both the jet flavour composition of the sample and the efficiency in a transverse momentum range from 20 to 600 GeV. The efficiency measurement is subsequently compared with that predicted by the simulation. The data used in this measurement, corresponding to a total integrated luminosity of 80.5
fb
-
1
, were collected in proton–proton collisions during the years 2015–2017 at a centre-of-mass energy
s
=
13 TeV. By simultaneously extracting both the efficiency and jet flavour composition, this measurement significantly improves the precision compared to previous results, with uncertainties ranging from 1 to 8% depending on the jet transverse momentum.
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Summary
The use of cell salvage is recommended when it can be expected to reduce the likelihood of allogeneic (donor) red cell transfusion and/or severe postoperative anaemia. We support and ...encourage a continued increase in the appropriate use of peri‐operative cell salvage and we recommend that it should be available for immediate use 24 h a day in any hospital undertaking surgery where blood loss is a recognised potential complication (other than minor/day case procedures).
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