Multiple sclerosis (MS) results from the destruction of myelin and focal inflammation. The study aimed to evaluate the effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Urtica dioica on oxidative stress, heat ...shock proteins, and brain histopathology in multiple sclerosis model. Sixty male C57BL/6 mice were divided into six groups of 10. Groups included positive control, negative control, and treatment groups with U. dioica extract at a dose of 50, 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg for 21 days (three times a week). The MS model was developed by a diet containing 0.2% cuprizone for 6 weeks. A section of brains was evaluated with Luxol Fast Blue staining and the other part evaluated with heat shock protein (HSP) kits 60 and 70, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and malondialdehyde (MDA). In sections of corpus callosum, the highest amount of myelin was observed in the negative controls, while the use of cuprizone in the positive controls caused the destruction and reduction of myelin. The use of U. dioica extract in therapeutic groups except at a dose of 50 mg/kg could reduce myelin degradation to some extent and lead to remyelination. However, myelin levels in treatment groups were not significantly different from any of the negative and positive controls. Although HSP60 decreased in the treatment groups, there was no significant difference between the positive and negative controls. Treatment with this extract significantly reduced the amount of HSP70 compared with the positive controls. The decreased TAC and increased MDA in positive controls indicated oxidative stress, respectively. Furthermore, the extract led to an increase and decrease of TAC and MDA in the treatment groups, respectively. However, only the MDA level was significantly different from that of the positive controls. Therefore, the antioxidant effects of U. dioica extract could decrease cuprizone‐induced oxidative stress and be effective in improving demyelination.
The antioxidant effects of U. dioica extract could decrease cuprizone‐induced oxidative stress and be effective in improving demyelination.
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FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Background
Although normal haematological and serum biochemical values for both pet and wild birds have been published, little information is available on the haematological and serum biochemical ...values in long‐legged buzzards (Buteo rufinus).
Objectives
This is the first study that aimed to define reference values of haematological, biochemical parameters, and protein electrophoretic fractions of long‐legged buzzards in Iran.
Methods
Blood samples were collected from 30 clinically healthy adult long‐legged buzzards of both sexes. Hematological, biochemical parameters, and protein electrophoretic fractions were measured. The mean and standard deviations were calculated.
Results
Mean values for red blood cells, packed cell volume, haemoglobin, and white blood cells were 2.72 ± 0.60 ×106/μl, 39.10 ± 3.70%, 13.45 ± 1.30 g/dl, and 3.92 ± 1.39 ×103/μl, respectively. Mean values for biochemistry parameters were total protein 4.46 ± 1.27 g/dl, albumin 1.78 ± 0.55 g/dl, creatinine 0.54 ± 0.22 mg/dl, uric acid 7.81 ± 2.89 mg/dl, calcium 9.63 ± 2.22 mg/dl, phosphorus 4.31 ± 1.00 mg/dl, glucose 398.87 ± 96.90 mg/dl, blood urea nitrogen 10.46 ± 3.85 mg/dl, alkaline phosphatase 127.01 ± 1.46 IU/L, aspartate aminotransferase 262.22 ± 116.30 IU/L, and alanine aminotransferase 56.63 ± 27.85 IU/L. Mean values for serum protein fractions included pre‐albumin, albumin, α‐1 globulin, α‐2 globulin, β‐ globulin, and ϒ‐globulin was 0.20 ± 0.09, 2.35 ± 0.67, 0.28 ± 0.13, 0.32 ± 0.07, 0.62 ± 0.24, and 0.68 ± 0.53 g/dl, respectively.
Conclusion
The reference data presented in this study can be used as health assessment values for veterinary laboratories and clinicians when developing release criteria for rehabilitated long‐legged buzzards.
This is the first study that aimed to define reference values of haematological, biochemical parameters, and protein electrophoretic fractions of long‐legged buzzards in Iran. The reference data presented in this study can be used as health assessment values for veterinary laboratories and clinicians when developing release criteria for rehabilitated long‐legged buzzards.
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FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Hydatidosis is a parasitic zoonotic disease. Surgery is one of its treatment modalities during which protoscolices are likely to be released into the peritoneal cavity and cause recurrence of the ...disease. Given the above problem and the complications associated with conventional anti-parasitic agents, it is imperative to find an effective and natural protoscolicidal agent. The present study was conducted to evaluate effects of Artemisia sieberi on Echinococcus granulosus protoscolices. Protoscolices were collected from slaughtered livestock in Kerman abattoir and the effect of three concentrations of aqueous extract of A. sieberi (25 mg ml−1, 50 mg ml−1 and 75 mg ml−1) was assessed over three different exposure periods. Results showed that scolicidal effect of this extract at exposure periods of 2, 5 and 10 min was 76 ± 1.4, 76.8 ± 1.41 and 85.7 ± 3.29 percent at concentration of 25 mg ml−1 and 76.8 ± 1.4, 78 ± 3.18 and 86.4 ± 24.9 percent at concentration of 50 mg ml−1 and finally 80 ± 2.73, 90 ± 0.79 and 92.6 ± 1.27 percent at concentration of 75 mg ml−1, respectively. It can be concluded that the aqueous extract of A. sieberi has a protoscolicidal activity and can be considered a natural agent against hydatid cyst protoscolices.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Three 20-day-old female Cashmere (Raini) goat kids were presented in a sternal recumbency status with 3 weeks history of bilateral mucopurulent nasal discharge, anorexia, lethargy, and jugular ...distention hemato-biochemical profile showed leukocytosis (monocytosis, neutrophilia with bandemia) and a significant increase (
p
< 0.05) in the serum concentrations of total protein and fibrinogen. The goats died 1 week after treatment because of the severity of the disease. At necropsy, multiple pyogenic abscesses in the liver, myocardial abscesses, and fibrous pleural adhesions were observed. Histopathological examination revealed supportive hepatitis, formation of granulation tissue in the epicardial and myocardial layer of the heart and chronic suppurative bronchopneumonia with granulation tissue in the pleura. In bacteriological examination,
Trueperella pyogenes
(
T. pyogenes
) was isolated from the abscess and confirmed by PCR. The isolated bacteria showed the most susceptibility to the cefotaxime and the less susceptibility to oxytetracycline and gentamycin. Overall, this is the first report, which offered this bacterium as a causative agent of the wide ranges of pathological conditions in Cashmere goats. Suitable antimicrobial therapy of which the Clinician should be aware.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OBVAL, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
Canine hepatozoonosis is a tick-transmitted apicomplexan infection caused by two species of Hepatozoon,
, and
. The present research aimed at detection of Hepatozoon spp. in dogs and its effects on ...hematological alterations. Blood samples were taken from 108 dogs to assess Hepatozoon spp. Phylogenetic analysis was performed based on the 18S rDNA marker by PCR assay and Giemsa-stained blood smear examination. Of the 108 blood samples of dogs tested in the present study, eight (7.40%, 95% CI: 3.25-14.07%) were positive by the Hepatozoon-specific PCR assay. However, in the microscopic examination, only one sample (0.93%) was positive. All of the sequenced samples were H. canis. The Hepatozoon sequences obtained from PCR amplicons in the canine-positive cases exhibited 100% similarity to each other and 98.47-100% similarity to other relevant sequences in GenBank. These findings represent the first molecular evidence of
in dog populations in South Iran. Furthermore, according to the hematological analysis, significantly higher average numbers of neutrophils and lymphocytes were found in the infected group compared to the non-infected dogs. In this study, no statistically significant connection (P<0.05) was observed between
infection and the examined risk factors.
