Poljski novinar i autor reportaža Artur Domosławski pokrenuo je 2010. godine, objavom biografije o svojem mentoru i prijatelju Ryszardu Kapuścińskom, buran višemjesečni spor u poljskim nacionalnim ...medijima. U ovome su radu predstavljeni odabrani fragmenti obiju strana navedenoga spora kao argument tezi da je odjek rasprave oko biografije Kapuściński non-fiction u poljskom javnom diskursu polučio potrebu za promišljanjem o dvjema važnim i međusobno povezanim problematikama. Prvo, navedeni su se prijepori pokušali interpretirati kao svojevrstan kulturološki fenomen u čijem je središtu demitiziranje Kapuścińskoga kao priznate nacionalne veličine i neprikosnovena reporterskoga autoriteta. Kritika i tendenciozni napad na navodno kontroverzni Domosławskijev tekst sagledali su se u kontekstu nacionalne potrebe za mitizacijom i heroiziranjem figure Ryszarda Kapuścińskoga, tj. za održavanjem takozvane pozlate na spomeniku neupitno velika i važna autora. Slijedom toga, rad je pokušao pokazati kako revizionistički aspekt Domosławskijeve knjige počiva i na otvaranju refleksije o pravilima kojima se vode suvremeni poljski biografi, tj. o tendenciji nekritičkoga i pristranoga sagledavanja određenih javnih figura. Dok neki smatraju da je Domosławski na neki način revolucionizirao poljsku biografistiku i proširio ovlasti samoga biografa, drugi pak drže da je zlouporabio svoju ulogu te u lošoj namjeri prema svojem mentoru prekršio pravila biografskoga pisanja. Drugo, pokušalo se pokazati kako je Domosławski analizom Kapuścińskijeve specifične poetike u svojoj biografiji rasplamsao već postojeću polemiku o podvojenosti poljske književne reportaže između fikcionalnoga i faktografskoga diskursa. Činjenica da je rasprava Kapuściński non-fiction iznjedrila dva suprotstavljena tabora može se ujedno shvatiti i kao postojanje dviju odvojenih škola mišljenja kad je riječ o »zanatu« pisanja reportaže, vrste koja je, zahvaljujući Kapuścińskom, oslobođena stricte novinarske i publicističke domene i premještena u oblast lijepe književnosti.
In 2010, Polish journalist and reporter Artur Domosławski started a long-running dispute in the Polish national media by publishing a biography about his mentor and friend Ryszard Kapuściński. In this article, selected fragments of both sides of the aforementioned dispute are presented as an argument for the thesis that one of the outcomes of the debate surrounding the biography Kapuściński non-fiction in the Polish public discourse was the need to reflect on two important and interconnected issues. Firstly, the alleged controversies were interpreted as a kind of a cultural phenomenon, in the centre of which was the demystification of Kapuściński as a great national figure and infallible reporter. Harsh criticism and tendentious remarks regarding Domosławski’s allegedly controversial text were analysed in the context of the Polish national need to mystify and heroise the figure of Ryszard Kapuściński, i.e. to maintain the so-called »gilding« on the monument of an unquestionably great and important author. Consequently, the article argues that the revisionist aim of Domosławski’s book was to reflect on the rules by which contemporary Polish biographers are guided, especially taking into account their tendency of approaching certain public figures in uncritical and biased manner. While some believe that Domosławski in some way revolutionised Polish biography and extended the authority of the biographer himself, others claim that he abused his role and broke the rules of biographical writing. Secondly, an attempt was made to show how Domosławski, by analysing Kapuściński’s specific poetics in his biography, contributed to an already existing polemic about Polish literary reportage and its duality between fictional and factual discourse. The fact that the Kapuściński non-fiction dispute gave rise to two opposing sides can also be understood as the existence of two separate schools of thought when it comes to the »craft« of writing literary reportage, a form that has, due to Kapuściński, been moved from the strictly journalistic domain into the realm of literature.
Although carcinoma of the breast has a propensity toward distant metastasis, metastasis to the head and neck is uncommon. Most patients with metastasis to the head and neck region present with ...cervical lymphadenopathy; however, spread to the upper aerodigestive tract has been described previously. We present a case of a patient found to have a pedunculated mass in her right piriform sinus. When she swallowed, the mass would completely prolapse into the esophagus and cause symptoms. Subsequent workup revealed widespread metastatic disease, for which the patient was treated with chemoradiotherapy. Microlaryngoscopy with excision of the mass was performed for palliation of her dysphagia, and a diagnosis of metastatic breast carcinoma was obtained. The patient healed well from the excision and went on to be treated for the metastatic breast cancer. To our knowledge, our report represents the first case of metastatic breast carcinoma presenting as severe dysphagia.
Physical activity's effect on cancer mortality Weiler, Bradley; Banas, Sandra
The Clinical Advisor : For Nurse Practitioners,
09/2016, Volume:
19, Issue:
9
Magazine Article, Trade Publication Article
The current recommendation that individuals should expend at least 9 MET-hours per week by exercising extends not only to the prevention of cancer but also to the reduction of cancer mortality. ...Although some research has demonstrated that higher levels of activity are required to reduce one's risk for dying of cancer, the nationally recommended figure was more than enough to make a difference in many instances. This seems to indicate that practitioners should urge their patients not only to exercise to stave off the development of chronic illnesses but also to make every effort to continue being physically active after receiving a diagnosis of a disease such as cancer. Although it may be more difficult for patients undergoing treatment for cancer to expend the energy required to improve their chances of survival, the importance of increasing heart and respiratory rates should not be forgotten. Physical activity should be promoted as a supplement to traditional treatments, such as chemotherapy and radiation, and could be as simple as going outdoors or getting on a treadmill and walking for a half-hour 5 days a week. Many studies have had the advantage of being able to follow patients over long periods; however, the specific length of time that the protective benefits of exercise last remains unclear. Nevertheless, based on the most recent data, patients with cancer may benefit from regular physical activity, which leads to a more favorable prognosis. (Conclusion)
Background
The efficacy of mepolizumab is well documented in severe eosinophilic asthma (SEA), although the stringent selection criteria adopted by SEA clinical trials limits the generalizability of ...results.
Objective
Our study evaluated the effectiveness and safety of mepolizumab in patients with SEA in Spain. The primary efficacy endpoint was the change in the rate of clinically significant asthma exacerbations 12 months after starting mepolizumab compared to the baseline rate in the 12 months prior to treatment. Patients were stratified by baseline blood eosinophil counts.
Methods
We conducted a multicentric observational cohort study of SEA patients treated with mepolizumab across 24 specialized hospital asthma units in Spain. Severe exacerbation rate, lung function, oral corticosteroid use (OCS) and asthma control test (ACT) were retrospectively collected and compared during the 12-month pre- and post-mepolizumab treatment. Adverse events were also investigated.
Results
A total of 318 patients with SEA were included (mean age: 56.6 years, 69.2% female). Exacerbation rates decreased by 77.5%, and 50.6% of patients did not suffer any exacerbations during the 12 months of treatment. The difference in forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) pre- and post-bronchodilator after starting mepolizumab was 0.21 (0.46) L (95% CI 0.14–0.27) (
p
< 0.001). Exacerbations and lung function significantly improved across all eosinophil subgroups. Among the 98 patients on OCS, 47.8% were able to discontinue this treatment and the mean daily dose was decreased by 59.9%. The baseline ACT score was 14.1, increasing by a mean (SD) of 6.7 points (1.9) at 12 months. Adverse events related to mepolizumab were uncommon.
Conclusions
This real-world study of SEA patients confirms that mepolizumab is effective in reducing clinically meaningful exacerbations, improving lung function, and decreasing OCS dependence and mean OCS dose at 12 months, irrespective of baseline eosinophil counts.
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Available for:
EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, VSZLJ, ZAGLJ
eHealth is characterized by technology-enabled processes, systems, and applications that expedite accurate, real-time health information, feedback, and skill development to advance patient-centered ...care. When designed and applied in a culturally competent manner, eHealth tools can be particularly beneficial for traditionally marginalized ethnic minority groups, such as Latinos, a group that has been identified as being at the forefront of emerging technology use in the United States. In this analytic overview, we describe current eHealth research that has been conducted with Latino patient populations. In addition, we highlight cultural and linguistic factors that should be considered during the design and implementation of eHealth interventions with this population. With increasing disparities in preventive care information, behaviors, and services, as well as health care access in general, culturally competent eHealth tools hold great promise to help narrow this gap and empower communities.
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Available for:
CEKLJ, DOBA, FSPLJ, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, ODKLJ, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VSZLJ
Cancer and its treatment can significantly impact health-related quality of life (HRQOL) (J Pain Symptom Manag 9 (3):186–192,
1994
; Soc Sci Med 46:1569–1584,
1998
), particularly for Hispanics ...(Healthcare Financ Rev 29 (4):23–40,
2008
; Psycho-Oncology 21 (2):115–124,
2012
). Moreover, providers of cancer support for this population may encounter unique challenges. Grounded in social capital theory, this study identified Spanish-speaking, Hispanic breast cancer survivor support needs and preferences for a mHealth intervention. A user-centered, community-engaged research design was employed, consisting of focus groups made up of constituents from a local Hispanic-serving, cancer support organization. Focus group audio-recordings, translated into English, were coded using a grounded theory analytic approach. First, lead researchers read the complete transcripts to obtain a general sense of the discussion. Next, coding rules were established (e.g., code at the most granular level; double and triple code if necessary, code exhaustively) and initial codebook was created through open-coding. Three new coders were trained to establish requisite kappa statistic levels (≥.70) for inter-rater reliability. With training and discussion, kappa estimates reached .81–.88. Focus group (
n
= 31) results revealed a mHealth intervention targeting Hispanic cancer patients should not only offer information and support on disease/treatment effects but also respond to the individual’s HRQOL, particularly emotional and social challenges. Specifically, participants expressed a strong desire for Spanish content and to connect with others who had gone through a similar experience. Overall, participants indicated they would have access to and would use such an intervention. Findings indicate positive support for a mHealth tool, which is culturally tailored to Spanish speakers, is available in Spanish, and connects cancer patients with survivors.
Full text
Available for:
EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OBVAL, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia with no cure so far, probably due to the complexity of this multifactorial disease with diverse processes associated with its origin and ...progress. Several neuropathological hallmarks have been identified that encourage the search for new multitarget drugs. Therefore, following a multitarget approach, nine rivastigmine-indole (RIV-IND) hybrids (
,
,
) were designed, synthesized and evaluated for their multiple biological properties and free radical scavenging activity, as potential multitarget anti-AD drugs. The molecular docking studies of these hybrids on the active center of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) suggest their capacity to act as dual enzyme inhibitors with probable greater disease-modifying impact relative to AChE-selective FDA-approved drugs. Compounds
(IC
= 10.9 µM) and
(IC
= 26.8 µM) revealed higher AChE inhibition than the parent RIV drug. Radical scavenging assays demonstrated that all the hybrids containing a hydroxyl substituent in the IND moiety (
,
,
) have good antioxidant activity (EC
7.8-20.7 µM). The most effective inhibitors of Aβ
self-aggregation are
,
and
(47.8-55.5%), and compounds
and
can prevent the toxicity induced by Aβ
to cells. The in silico evaluation of the drug-likeness of the hybrids also showed that all the compounds seem to have potential oral availability. Overall, within this class of RIV-IND hybrids,
and
appear as lead compounds for anti-AD drug candidates, deserving further investigation.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Eosinophil-related diseases represent a group of pathologic conditions with highly heterogeneous clinical presentation and symptoms ranging from mild to critical. Both systemic and localized forms of ...disease are typically treated with glucocorticoids. The approval of novel biologic therapies targeting the interleukin-5 pathway can help reduce the use of systemic glucocorticoids (SGC) in eosinophilic diseases and reduce the risk of SGC-related adverse effects (AEs). In this article, a panel of experts from different medical specialties reviewed current evidence on the use of SGC in two systemic eosinophilic diseases: Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with PolyAngiitis (EGPA) and HyperEosinophilic Syndrome (HES); and in two single-organ (respiratory) eosinophilic diseases: Chronic RhinoSinusitis with Nasal Polyps (CRSwNP) and Severe Asthma with Eosinophil Phenotype (SA-EP), and contrasted it with their experience in clinical practice. Using nominal group technique, they reached consensus on key aspects related to the dose and tapering of SGC as well as on the initiation of biologics as SGC-sparing agents. Early treatment with biologics could help prevent AEs associated with medium and long-term use of SGC.
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