A series of substituted 4-(4-fluoro-1H-indol-5-yloxy)pyrrolo2,1-f1,2,4triazine-based inhibitors of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 kinase is reported. Structure−activity relationship ...studies revealed that a methyl group at the 5-position and a substituted alkoxy group at the 6-position of the pyrrolo2,1-f1,2,4triazine core gave potent compounds. Biochemical potency, kinase selectivity, and pharmacokinetics of the series were optimized and in vitro safety liabilities were minimized to afford BMS-540215 (12), which demonstrated robust preclinical in vivo activity in human tumor xenograft models. The l-alanine prodrug of 12, BMS-582664 (21), is currently under evaluation in clinical trials for the treatment of solid tumors.
A series of substituted 2-(aminopyridyl)- and 2-(aminopyrimidinyl)thiazole-5-carboxamides was identified as potent Src/Abl kinase inhibitors with excellent antiproliferative activity against ...hematological and solid tumor cell lines. Compound 13 was orally active in a K562 xenograft model of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), demonstrating complete tumor regressions and low toxicity at multiple dose levels. On the basis of its robust in vivo activity and favorable pharmacokinetic profile, 13 was selected for additional characterization for oncology indications.
A series of substituted 4-(2,4-difluoro-5-(methoxycarbamoyl)phenylamino)pyrrolo2,1-f1,2,4triazines was identified as potent and selective inhibitors of the tyrosine kinase activity of the growth ...factor receptors VEGFR-2 (Flk-1, KDR) and FGFR-1. The enzyme kinetics associated with the VEGFR-2 inhibition of compound 50 (K i = 52 ± 3 nM) confirmed that the pyrrolo2,1-f1,2,4triazine analogues are competitive with ATP. Several analogues demonstrated low-nanomolar inhibition of VEGF- and FGF-dependent human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) proliferation. Replacement of the C6-ester substituent of the pyrrolo2,1-f1,2,4triazine core with heterocyclic bioisosteres, such as substituted 1,3,5-oxadiazoles, afforded compounds with excellent oral bioavailability in mice (i.e., 50 F po = 79%). Significant antitumor efficacy was observed with compounds 44, 49, and 50 against established L2987 human lung carcinoma xenografts implanted in athymic mice. A full account of the synthesis, structure−activity relationships, pharmacology, and pharmacokinetic properties of analogues within the series is presented.
Nonreceptor protein tyrosine kinases including Lck, ZAP-70, and Itk play essential roles in T-cell receptor (TCR) signaling. Gene knockout studies have revealed that mice lacking these individual ...kinases exhibit various degrees of immunodeficiency; however, highly selective small molecule inhibitors of these kinases as potential immunosuppressive agents have not been identified. Here we discovered two novel compounds, BMS-488516 and BMS-509744, that potently and selectively inhibit Itk kinase activity. The compounds reduce TCR-induced functions including PLCγ1 tyrosine phosphorylation, calcium mobilization, IL-2 secretion, and T-cell proliferation in vitro in both human and mouse cells. The inhibitors suppress the production of IL-2 induced by anti-TCR antibody administered to mice. BMS-509744 also significantly diminishes lung inflammation in a mouse model of ovalbumin-induced allergy/asthma. Our findings represent the first description of selective inhibitors to probe human Itk function and its associated pathway, and support the hypothesis that Itk is a therapeutic target for immunosuppressive and inflammatory diseases.
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IJS, KILJ, NUK, PNG, UL, UM
A series of structurally novel aminothiazole based small molecule inhibitors of Itk were prepared to elucidate their structure–activity relationships (SARs), selectivity, and cell activity in ...inhibiting IL-2 secretion in a Jurkat T-cell assay. Compound
3 is identified as a potent and selective Itk inhibitor which inhibits anti-TCR antibody induced IL-2 production in mice in vivo and was previously reported to reduce lung inflammation in a mouse model of ovalbumin induced allergy/asthma.
A series of structurally novel aminothiazole based small molecule inhibitors of Itk were prepared to elucidate their structure–activity relationships (SARs), selectivity, and cell activity in inhibiting IL-2 secretion in a Jurkat T-cell assay. Compound
3 is identified as a potent and selective Itk inhibitor which inhibits anti-TCR antibody induced IL-2 production in mice in vivo and was previously reported to reduce lung inflammation in a mouse model of ovalbumin induced allergy/asthma.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
A novel class of 5-cyanopyrimidine-based inhibitors of p38α MAP kinase has been investigated. Analogues optimized through SAR iterations display low nanomolar enzymatic and cellular activity. The in ...vivo efficacy of this class of p38 inhibitors was demonstrated by 3a and 3b (>50% reduction in TNF levels when orally dosed at 5 mg/kg, 5 h prior to LPS administration in an acute murine model of inflammation). For 3a and 3b, the previously identified N-methoxybenzamide moiety (1) was replaced with N-(isoxazol-3-yl)benzamide, thereby providing increased metabolic stability. Cyanopyrimidine 3a demonstrated 100% oral bioavailability in mouse. High p38 kinase selectivity versus over 20 kinases was observed for analogue 3b. Direct hydrogen bonding of the cyano nitrogen of the 5-cyanopyrimidine core to the backbone NH of Met109 was confirmed by X-ray crystallographic analysis of 3a bound to p38α.
A series of structurally novel benzothiazole based small molecule inhibitors of p56(lck) was prepared to elucidate their structure-activity relationships (SAR), selectivity and cell activity in the ...T-cell proliferation assay. BMS-350751 (2) and BMS-358233 (3) are identified as potent Lck inhibitors with excellent cellular activities against T-cell proliferation.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
alpha(1) Adrenergic receptors mediate both vascular and lower urinary tract tone, and alpha(1) receptor antagonists such as terazosin (1b) are used to treat both hypertension and benign prostatic ...hyperplasia (BPH). Recently, three different subtypes of this receptor have been identified, with the alpha(1A) receptor being most prevalent in lower urinary tract tissue. This paper explores 4-aryldihydropyrimidinones attached to an aminopropyl-4-arylpiperidine via a C-5 amide as selective alpha(1A) receptor subtype antagonists. In receptor binding assays, these types of compounds generally display K(i) values for the alpha(1a) receptor subtype <1 nM while being greater than 100-fold selective versus the alpha(1b) and alpha(1d) receptor subtypes. Many of these compounds were also evaluated in vivo and found to be more potent than terazosin in both a rat model of prostate tone and a dog model of intra-urethral pressure without significantly affecting blood pressure. While many of the compounds tested displayed poor pharmacokinetics, compound 48 was found to have adequate bioavailability (>20%) and half-life (>6 h) in both rats and dogs. Due to its selectivity for the alpha(1a) over the alpha(1b) and alpha(1d) receptors as well as its favorable pharmacokinetic profile, 48 has the potential to relieve the symptoms of BPH without eliciting effects on the cardiovascular system.
A new facile method for the preparation of 1-arylimidazole-5-carboxylates was developed. The new method involved reaction of anilines and ethyl glyoxylate in methanol to give ...α-anilino-α-methoxyacetates followed by cyclization with TosMIC, affording 1-arylimidazole-5-carboxylates in two steps in 40–94% overall yields.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
A series of structurally novel aminothiazole based small molecule inhibitors of Itk were prepared to elucidate their structure–activity relationships (SARs), selectivity, and cell activity in ...inhibiting IL-2 secretion in a Jurkat T-cell assay. Compound
2 is identified as a potent and selective Itk inhibitor which inhibits anti-TCR antibody induced IL-2 production in mice in vivo.
A series of structurally novel aminothiazole based small molecule inhibitors of Itk were prepared to elucidate their structure–activity relationships (SARs), selectivity and cell activity in inhibiting IL-2 secretion in a Jurkat T-cell assay. Compound
2 is identified as a potent and selective Itk inhibitor which inhibits anti-TCR antibody induced IL-2 production in mice in vivo.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
