This review will provide an overview of what is currently known about mechanisms linking poor glycaemic control with increased thrombotic risk. The leading causes of death in people with diabetes are ...strokes and cardiovascular disease. Significant morbidity is associated with an increased risk of thrombosis, resulting in myocardial infarction, ischaemic stroke, and peripheral vascular disease, along with the sequelae of these events, including loss of functional ability, heart failure, and amputations. While the increased platelet activity, pro-coagulability, and endothelial dysfunction directly impact this risk, the molecular mechanisms linking poor glycaemic control with increased thrombotic risk remain unclear. This review highlights the complex mechanisms underlying thrombosis prevalence in individuals with diabetes and hyperglycaemia. Post-translational modifications, such as O-GlcNAcylation, play a crucial role in controlling protein function in diabetes. However, the role of O-GlcNAcylation remains poorly understood due to its intricate regulation and the potential involvement of multiple variables. Further research is needed to determine the precise impact of O-GlcNAcylation on specific disease processes.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Abstract
Disclosure: H. Deshmukh: None. E. Ssemmondo: None. K. Adeleke: None. L. Batten: None. M. Aye: None. T. Sathyapalan: None.
Introduction: There are limited data on the effect of time to ...remission of acromegaly and survival in people living with acromegaly Methods: The UK Acromegaly Register collected routine biochemical and clinical data on patients with acromegaly. We defined remission of acromegaly as Growth hormone (GH) controlled at ≤2 μg/l following the diagnosis of acromegaly. Time to first remission was defined as the difference between the date of diagnosis and the first GH date ≤2 μg/l in the longitudinal follow-up data (following surgery and/or medical therapy). We used a t-test to compare the mean survival and used the cox-proportional hazard model to assess the effect of time to remission on survival in acromegaly. Results: The study consisted of 3750 participants in the UK acromegaly register with complete data, of which 2472 (65%) participants achieved remission of acromegaly. The mean time to remission with somatostatin analogs (SA) and dopamine agonist (DA) therapy was 4.5 yrs and 7.3 years, respectively (P<0.001). The mean survival was significantly higher in those who achieved remission of acromegaly as compared to those who did not (25.5 yrs vs 21.9yrs P<0.001) achieve remission. In those who achieved remission, (median follow-up period of 23.9 years), there was 15% mortality in those who achieved remission within 1 year and 23% mortality in those who needed more than 1 year to achieve remission. In the cox-proportional hazard model adjusted for, baseline GH, age at diagnosis, and gender, a shorter time to regression of acromegaly was associated with improved survival (HR=0.92(0.91-0.93) P<0.001). Conclusion: This large population-based study of acromegaly showed that a shorter time to remission is associated with improved survival.
Presentation: Thursday, June 15, 2023
Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) are a class of anti-hyperglycaemic agents widely used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). They function by reducing renal glucose ...reabsorption and thereby promote urinary glucose excretion, resulting in improvement in glycaemic control. In large-scale clinical trials, SGLT2i have been shown to reduce cardiovascular mortality, non-fatal myocardial infarction and stroke significantly. In addition, clinical evidence suggests that they are renal protective as their use reduces the relative risk of end-stage renal disease and death from renal causes. These positive results have led to a rapid uptake of SGLT2i in clinical practice. Recently, clinical studies and case reports have suggested a link between SGLT2i therapy and erythrocytosis. The authors discuss possible mechanisms at cellular level that may cause erythrocytosis and explore its clinical relevance in people living with T2DM who are taking SGLT2i therapy.
During the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the implementation of non-contact infrared thermometry (NCIT) became an increasingly popular method of screening body temperature. However, data on ...the accuracy of these devices and the standardisation of their use are limited. In the current study, the body temperature of non-febrile volunteers was measured using infrared (IR) thermography, IR tympanic thermometry and IR gun thermometry at different facial feature locations and distances and compared with SpotOn core-body temperature. Poor agreement was found between all IR devices and SpotOn measurements (intra-class correlation coefficient <0.8). Bland–Alman analysis showed the narrowest limits of agreement with the IR gun at 3 cm from the forehead (bias = 0.19°C, limits of agreement (LOA): −0.58°C to 0.97°C) and widest with the IR gun at the nose (bias = 1.40°C, LOA: −1.15°C to 3.94°C). Thus, our findings challenge the established use of IR thermometry devices within hospital settings without adequate standard operating procedures to reduce operator error.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, IZUM, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
During the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the implementation of non-contact infrared thermometry (NCIT) became an increasingly popular method of screening body temperature. However, data on ...the accuracy of these devices and the standardisation of their use are limited. In the current study, the body temperature of non-febrile volunteers was measured using infrared (IR) thermography, IR tympanic thermometry and IR gun thermometry at different facial feature locations and distances and compared with SpotOn core-body temperature. Poor agreement was found between all IR devices and SpotOn measurements (intra-class correlation coefficient <0.8). Bland-Alman analysis showed the narrowest limits of agreement with the IR gun at 3 cm from the forehead (bias = 0.19°C, limits of agreement (LOA): -0.58°C to 0.97°C) and widest with the IR gun at the nose (bias = 1.40°C, LOA: -1.15°C to 3.94°C). Thus, our findings challenge the established use of IR thermometry devices within hospital settings without adequate standard operating procedures to reduce operator error.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, IZUM, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Defects of motile cilia cause primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD), characterized by recurrent respiratory infections and male infertility. Using whole-exome resequencing and high-throughput mutation ...analysis, we identified recessive biallelic mutations in ZMYND10 in 14 families and mutations in the recently identified LRRC6 in 13 families. We show that ZMYND10 and LRRC6 interact and that certain ZMYND10 and LRRC6 mutations abrogate the interaction between the LRRC6 CS domain and the ZMYND10 C-terminal domain. Additionally, ZMYND10 and LRRC6 colocalize with the centriole markers SAS6 and PCM1. Mutations in ZMYND10 result in the absence of the axonemal protein components DNAH5 and DNALI1 from respiratory cilia. Animal models support the association between ZMYND10 and human PCD, given that zmynd10 knockdown in zebrafish caused ciliary paralysis leading to cystic kidneys and otolith defects and that knockdown in Xenopus interfered with ciliogenesis. Our findings suggest that a cytoplasmic protein complex containing ZMYND10 and LRRC6 is necessary for motile ciliary function.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
To compare survival rates and age at death among very preterm infants in 10 national and regional neonatal networks.
A cohort study of very preterm infants, born between 24 and 29 weeks' gestation ...and weighing <1500 g, admitted to participating neonatal units between 2007 and 2013 in the International Network for Evaluating Outcomes of Neonates. Survival was compared by using standardized ratios (SRs) comparing survival in each network to the survival estimate of the whole population.
Network populations differed with respect to rates of cesarean birth, exposure to antenatal steroids and birth in nontertiary hospitals. Network SRs for survival were highest in Japan (SR: 1.10; 99% confidence interval: 1.08-1.13) and lowest in Spain (SR: 0.88; 99% confidence interval: 0.85-0.90). The overall survival differed from 78% to 93% among networks, the difference being highest at 24 weeks' gestation (range 35%-84%). Survival rates increased and differences between networks diminished with increasing gestational age (GA) (range 92%-98% at 29 weeks' gestation); yet, relative differences in survival followed a similar pattern at all GAs. The median age at death varied from 4 days to 13 days across networks.
The network ranking of survival rates for very preterm infants remained largely unchanged as GA increased; however, survival rates showed marked variations at lower GAs. The median age at death also varied among networks. These findings warrant further assessment of the representativeness of the study populations, organization of perinatal services, national guidelines, philosophy of care at extreme GAs, and resources used for decision-making.
To determine whether transplacental transmission could explain overwintering of bluetongue virus in the United Kingdom, we studied calves born to dams naturally infected during pregnancy in 2007-08. ...Approximately 33% were infected transplacentally; some had compromised health. In all infected calves, viral load decreased after birth; no evidence of persistent infection was found.
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, ODKLJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
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