Results, obtained during the last decade on linear traps in Novosibirsk, verified the original concepts and led to discovery of new ways of plasma confinement in linear traps. It turns out that the ...multiple-mirror confinement, once thought to be suitable for pulsed fusion only, can work in tandem with gas-dynamic traps. Its helical-mirror variant can provide additional advantages for confinement of rotating plasmas such as radial and axial plasma pinch fluxes. The specially designed gas-dynamic mirrors can be run in the high-β “diamagnetic” regime, closely resembling the field-reversed configurations both in shape and in the quality of axial confinement. These new ideas form the groundwork of the possible road for linear traps to fusion.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OBVAL, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
A new type of axial pumping or confining system for plasma devices is proposed. It is based on E × B plasma rotation in a nonuniform helical magnetic field. In the rotating reference frame the ...helical ripples of the magnetic field look like traveling waves propagating along the system axis. Due to parallel plasma viscosity and/or collisions with locally trapped particles, the plasma as a whole will aquire axial momentum. Related processes are observed in tokamaks as transformations between poloidal and toroidal rotation components.
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BFBNIB, GIS, IJS, KISLJ, NUK, PNG, UL, UM, UPUK
Abstract
This article presents a magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) two-dimensional numerical model of diamagnetic bubble equilibria in an axisymmetric open trap. The theoretical model consists of the ...Grad–Shafranov equilibrium equation and the transport equation obtained within the resistive single-fluid MHDs with isotropic pressure. Found are the numerical solutions corresponding to the diamagnetic confinement mode. In particular, the equilibria of the diamagnetic bubble in the gas-dynamic multimirror trap are calculated. We investigate the effect of magnetic field corrugation on the equilibrium; the corrugation of the vacuum field is shown to lead to a rather moderate corrugation of the bubble boundary if the period of corrugation is sufficiently small. A valuable numerical result is the distribution of the diamagnetic field, which would be useful for optimizing the position of the wall-stabilization plates.
A new numerical method for solving the Boltzmann equation on a uniform mesh in velocity space is proposed. The asymptotic complexity of the method is
, where
is the total number of nodes on a ...three-dimensional mesh. The algorithm is efficient on relatively small meshes due to the simplicity of its operations and easy parallelization. The method preserves the most important properties of the solution, such as nonnegativity and conservation of total energy, momentum, and the number of particles.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
The Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics in worldwide collaboration has developed a project of a 14 MeV neutron source for fusion material studies and other applications. The projected neutron source ...of the plasma type is based on the gas dynamic trap (GDT), which is a special magnetic mirror system for plasma confinement. Essential progress in plasma parameters has been achieved in recent experiments at the GDT facility in the Budker Institute, which is a hydrogen (deuterium) prototype of the source. Stable confinement of hot-ion plasmas with the relative pressure exceeding 0.5 was demonstrated. The electron temperature was increased up to 0.9 keV in the regime with additional electron cyclotron resonance heating (ECRH) of a moderate power. These parameters are the record for axisymmetric open mirror traps. These achievements elevate the projects of a GDT-based neutron source on a higher level of competitive ability and make it possible to construct a source with parameters suitable for materials testing today. The paper presents the progress in experimental studies and numerical simulations of the mirror-based fusion neutron source and its possible applications including a fusion material test facility and a fusion-fission hybrid system.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
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•The recently-suggested helical mirror confinement concept is discussed.•Active suppression of axial particle and energy losses.•Parameter space for the first experiment is ...discussed.•Details of magnetic system of the SMOLA project are presented.
A novel concept of helical mirror confinement with active axial and radial plasma flow control is discussed. The idea relies on the retarding force that appears when biased plasma experiences rotation in crossed electrical and helical mirror magnetic fields. Preparations for its experimental study started in Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, Novosibirsk. Possible parameter space for a concept-exploration-class device SMOLA is identified. Details of numerical optimization of the magnetic structure of the device are presented. The main physical task for the SMOLA experiment will be direct demonstration of the helical mirror performance in simple experimental conditions at reasonably low plasma parameters.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
Physical and technical details of the GOL-NB project are presented. GOL-NB is a medium-scale multiple-mirror trap that is under development in the Budker Institute, Novosibirsk, Russia. This device ...will be created in several years as a deep conversion of the existing GOL-3 facility. It will consist of a central trap with two 0.75 MW neutral beams, two multiple-mirror solenoids, two expander tanks and a plasma gun that creates the start plasma. The central trap with the neutral beam injection-heated plasma is a compact gas-dynamic system. The multiple-mirror sections should decrease the power and particle losses along the magnetic field. The confinement improvement factor depends on plasma parameters and on the magnetic configuration in the multiple mirrors. The main physical task of GOL-NB is direct demonstration of the performance of multiple-mirror sections that will change equilibrium plasma parameters in the central trap. In this paper we discuss results of the scenario modeling and progress in the hardware.
Gas-Dynamic Multiple-Mirror Trap GDMT Skovorodin, D. I.; Chernoshtanov, I. S.; Amirov, V. Kh ...
Plasma physics reports,
09/2023, Volume:
49, Issue:
9
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
This work is devoted to the project of a new-generation open trap, gas-dynamic multiple-mirror trap (GDMT), proposed at the Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of ...Sciences. The aim of the project is to substantiate the possibility of using open traps as thermonuclear systems: a source of neutrons and, in the future, a thermonuclear reactor. The main objectives of the project are to develop technologies for long-term plasma maintenance in an open trap, optimize neutron source parameters based on the gas-dynamic trap, and demonstrate methods for improving plasma confinement. The magnetic vacuum system of the facility consists of a central trap, multiple-mirror sections that improve the longitudinal plasma confinement, and expanders designed to accommodate plasma flux absorbers. The facility is to be built in several stages. The starting configuration is broadly similar to the GDT facility and includes a central trap with strong magnetic mirrors and expanders. It solves two main problems: optimization of the parameters of the neutron source based on the gas-dynamic trap and study of the physics of the transition to the configuration of a diamagnetic trap with a high relative pressure β ≈ 1, which significantly increases the efficiency of the system. This work describes the technical design of the starting configuration of the facility and outlines the physical principles on which the GDMT project is based.
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DOBA, EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, IZUM, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
9.
Gregory Samuilovich Tseytin (obituary) Artemov, Sergei Nikolaevich; Beklemishev, Lev Dmitrievich; Borkin, L Ya ...
Russian mathematical surveys,
2023, Volume:
78, Issue:
3
Journal Article
New test results for samples of the titanium alloy VT3-1 in the region of very high cycle fatigue at the loading frequency of 20 kHz are obtained. Using the metallographic analysis on the sections of ...the compressor disk from which samples were made to study the stamped material, significant heterogeneity in the distribution of two-phase plate structure is revealed. At the asymmetry of the cycle
R
=–1, the behavior of the extruded and stamped material differs little from each other, and at the asymmetry of the cycle
R
= 0.1, the extruded material has better fatigue characteristics. The compressing part of the cycle balances the effect of structural heterogeneity on the accumulation of defects in VT3-1 alloy.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OBVAL, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
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