New cross sections for the reaction e p -> ep eta are reported for total center of mass energy W = 1.5--1.86 GeV and invariant momentum transfer Q^2 = 0.25--1.5 GeV^2. This large kinematic range ...allows extraction of important new information about response functions, photocouplings, and eta N coupling strengths of baryon resonances. Expanded W coverage shows sharp structure at W \~ 1.7 GeV; this is shown to come from interference between S and P waves and can be interpreted in terms of known resonances. Improved values are derived for the photon coupling amplitude for the S11(1535) resonance.
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CMK, CTK, FMFMET, IJS, NUK, PNG, UM
Cerebrolysin is a well-known neuroprotective agent. This study investigated its effects on inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and neurologic recovery in the setting of spinal cord ...ischemia/reperfusion injury (SCIRI) in an experimental animal model.
Rabbits were randomly divided into five groups: control, ischemia, vehicle, methylprednisolone (30 mg/kg), and cerebrolysin (5 ml/kg) group. The rabbits in the control group underwent laparotomy; the other groups underwent spinal cord ischemia and reperfusion injury for 20 min. Neurologic examination after 24 h was based on the Modified Tarlov scale. Myeloperoxidase activities, catalase and malondialdehyde levels, and caspase-3 concentrations were determined in serum and tissue samples. Serum xanthine oxidase levels were studied and histopathological and ultrastructural changes were examined.
After SCIRI, serum and tissue myeloperoxidase activities, malondialdehyde levels, caspase-3 concentrations, and serum xanthine oxidase activities were increased (p 0.01-0.001). Catalase levels were significantly diminished (p 0.001). Cerebrolysin treatment correlated with reduced myeloperoxidase and xanthine oxidase activities, malondialdehyde levels and caspase-3 concentrations; and with increased catalase levels (p 0.001, for all). The cerebrolysin group showed improved histopathological, ultrastructural, and neurological outcomes.
For the first time in the literature the current study reports anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiapoptotic, and neuroprotective effects of cerebrolysin in a SCIRI rabbit model.
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as superoxide anion, hydroxyl (
OH), peroxyl, and alkoxyl radicals may attack biological macromolecules giving rise to oxidative stress-originated diseases. Since
...OH is very short-lived, secondary products resulting from
OH attack to various probes are measured. Although the measurement of aromatic hydroxylation with HPLC/electrochemical detection is more specific than the low-yield TBARS test, it requires sophisticated instrumentation. As a more convenient and less costly alternative, we used
p-aminobenzoate, 2,4- and 3,5-dimethoxybenzoate probes for detecting hydroxyl radicals generated from an equivalent mixture of Fe(II)
+
EDTA with hydrogen peroxide. The produced hydroxyl radicals attacked both the probe and the water-soluble antioxidants in 37
°C-incubated solutions for 2
h. The CUPRAC (i.e., our original method for total antioxidant capacity assay) absorbance of the ethylacetate extract due to the reduction of Cu(II)-neocuproine reagent by the hydroxylated probe decreased in the presence of
OH scavengers, the difference being proportional to the scavenging ability of the tested compound. A rate constant for the reaction of the scavenger with hydroxyl radical can be deduced from the inhibition of color formation. The second-order rate constants of the scavengers were determined with competition kinetics by means of a linear plot of
A
0/
A as a function of
C
scavenger/
C
probe, where
A
0 and
A are the CUPRAC absorbances of the system in the absence and presence of scavenger, respectively, and
C is the molar concentration of relevant species. The 2,4- and 3,5-dimethoxybenzoates were the best probes in terms of linearity and sensitivity. Iodide, metabisulfite, hexacyanoferrate(II), thiourea, formate, and dimethyl sulfoxide were shown by the modified CUPRAC assay to be more effective scavengers than mannitol, glucose, lysine, and simple alcohols, as in the TBARS assay. The developed method is less lengthy, more specific, and of a higher yield than the classical TBARS assay. The hydroxyl radical scavenging rate constants of ascorbic acid, formate, and hexacyanoferrate(II) that caused interference in other assays could be easily found with the proposed procedure.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
Dexpanthenol (DXP) reportedly protects tissues against oxidative damage in various inflammation models. This study aimed to evaluate its effects on oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and ...neurological recovery in an experimental rabbit spinal cord ischemia/reperfusion injury (SCIRI) model.
Rabbits were randomized into 5 groups of 8 animals each: group 1 (control), group 2 (ischemia), group 3 (vehicle), group 4 (methylprednisolone, 30 mg/kg), and group 5 (DXP, 500 mg/kg). The control group underwent laparotomy only, whereas other groups were subjected to spinal cord ischemia by aortic occlusion (just caudal to the 2 renal arteries) for 20 min. After 24 h, a modified Tarlov scale was employed to record neurological examination results. Malondialdehyde and caspase-3 levels and catalase and myeloperoxidase activities were analyzed in tissue and serum samples. Xanthine oxidase activity was measured in the serum. Histopathological and ultrastructural evaluations were also performed in the spinal cord.
After SCIRI, serum and tissue malondialdehyde and caspase-3 levels and myeloperoxidase and serum xanthine oxidase activities were increased (P < 0.05–0.001). However, serum and tissue catalase activity decreased significantly (P < 0.001). DXP treatment was associated with lower malondialdehyde and caspase-3 levels and reduced myeloperoxidase and xanthine oxidase activities but increased catalase activity (P < 0.05–0.001). Furthermore, DXP was associated with better histopathological, ultrastructural, and neurological outcome scores.
This study was the first to evaluate antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, and neuroprotective effects of DXP on SCIRI. Further experimental and clinical investigations are warranted to confirm that DXP can be administered to treat SCIRI.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Meningiomas are heterogeneous, with differences in anatomical, histopathological, and clinical characteristics. Such spatial variability in meningioma biology is thought to result from differences in ...the expression of critical developmental regulators. We hypothesized that the variability in meningioma biology would follow gradients such as in embryology and tested a cohort of 366 meningiomas for histopathological and immunohistochemical gradients.
The medical records from 366 patients treated for meningiomas from 2003 to 2016 were retrospectively analyzed for age, gender, anatomical localization, recurrence-free survival, overall survival, histopathological diagnosis, and immunohistochemistry findings for 6 markers: epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), progesterone receptor (PR), CD34, S100, p53, and Ki-67 labeling index.
EMA, PR, S100, p53, and CD34 were expressed in 94%, 73%, 49%, 26%, and 23% of the tumors, respectively. p53 expression correlated positively with Ki-67 and World Health Organization (WHO) grade (rτ = 0.31 and rτ = 0.4, respectively). PR positivity correlated inversely with S100, p53, Ki-67, and WHO grade (rτ = −0.19, rτ = −0.14, rτ = −0.15, and rτ = −0.16, respectively). All secretory meningiomas were positive for EMA and PR and negative for S100, and this pattern exhibited a rostrocaudal gradient. The overall proportion of EMA+PR+S100− cases was significantly lower in the cranial vault (30.3%) than in the skull base (45.89%; P = 0.021). The proportion of WHO grade II-III tumors was greater in cranial vault than in skull base meningiomas.
Unsupervised methods detected an association between the anatomical location and tumor biology in meningiomas. Unlike the categorical associations that former studies had indicated, the present study revealed a rostrocaudal gradient in both the cranial vault and the skull base, correlating with human developmental biology.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Although mortality rates decreased in recent years, pancreaticoduodenectomy is still associated with high morbidity rates. Pancreatic fistula is the leading cause of morbidity after ...pancreaticojejunal anastomosis and commonly occurs in soft pancreas. The objective of this study is to compare outcomes of conventional modified invaginated end to side pancreaticojejunostomy with a new practical method using V-Loc 'rM 180 wound closure device in soft pancreas.
Between December 2011 and August 2013, a total of 90 pancreaticoduodenectomy procedures were performed in our hospital. 28 of them were defined as soft pancreas according to attending surgeon and included in this study. Patients were divided into two groups consecutively and analysed for postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) rate, length of stay, operation time, cost and particular duration of anastomosis. Pancreatic fistulas were classified according to International Study Group on Pancreatic Fistula (ISGPF) definition.
1 grade A and 2 grade B fistulas appeared in V-Loc group (Group 1), whereas 1 grade A, 2 grade B and 1 grade C fistulas appeared in conventional anastomosis group (Group 2).
Pancreaticojejunostomy with V-Loc suture is a convenient method in soft pancreas and can be performed safely.
A 70-year-old female patient was admitted to our department with symptoms and signs of acute heart failure and near syncope. After hospitalization, both transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and ...subsequent transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) demonstrated a giant (4.9×3.9 cm) mobile, irregular, bright left atrial mass consistent with left atrial ball thrombus (LABT).The mass was found to occlude the left ventricular inflow tract (LVIT) above the mitral orifice (supravalvular) in the presence of normal mitral leaflets. After emergent surgical excision, the pathology of the left atrial mass was found to be consistent with thrombus. The case presented here suffered acute diastolic heart failure and near-syncope due to obstruction of the LVIT above the mitral orifice by a giant LABT.
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