Koncept »zelene pravne kulture« postaje sve važniji pristup pri analizi i donošenju suvremenih normativnih akata kako na globalnoj tako i na nacionalnoj razini. U ovom radu osobitu pozornost ...posvećujemo, s jedne strane, odnosu između etičkih aspekata ekološke krize i izazovima koje ona donosi te, s druge strane, pozitivno pravnim normama kojima ljudsko društvo želi pružiti adekvatan etičko-vrijednosni odgovor na tu krizu. U središtu zanimanja rada nalazi se nužnost izgradnje etičkih ideja, stavova, vrijednosti i uvjerenja u okvirima pravnog sustava u cjelini, a osobito unutar koncepta pravne kulture koji bi pridonijeli izgradnji održivih politika u smjeru zaštite okoliša i razvijanja etičke svijesti da je zaštita okoliša zapravo temeljno pitanje čovjekova opstanka.
The concept of the »green legal culture« has become an increasingly important approach when analyzing and adopting modern normative acts both at the global and national levels. In this paper, particular attention is given to the relationship between the ethical aspects of the ecological crisis and the challenges it brings about, on the one hand, and the other hand, the positive legal norms as a means employed by the human society for providing an adequate ethical and value response. The article focuses on the necessity of building ethical ideas, attitudes, values, and beliefs within the framework of the legal system as a whole, and especially within the concept of legal culture, which would contribute to the construction of sustainable policies in environmental protection and the development of ethical awareness that the environmental protection is actually a fundamental human survival issue.
Among the member states of the Council of Europe, there is a consensus on the importance of vaccination as a successful and effective preventive health intervention. Every state aims to achieve herd ...immunity, i.e., a high vaccination rate of the population that will prevent the circulation of contagious diseases in the population and thus protect those who cannot be vaccinated due to age or poor health. However, despite the general recognition of the importance of vaccination, there is no consensus on a “single model” of how best to achieve the goals of mass immunization. Countries have different public health policies, so while the vaccination policy of some members of the Council of Europe is limited to a recommendation, others have made vaccination compulsory. Today, there are many opponents of vaccination and those who are hesitant. This paper will focus on those who refuse to be vaccinated based on a moral understanding of how to act in certain circumstances. The paper will explore whether countries imposing mandatory vaccination, with financial or other sanctions imposed in the case of non-compliance, should recognize the right to conscientious objection. This includes the right of adults to refuse vaccination, and respecting the religious and philosophical beliefs of parents who refuse to vaccinate their children. The article consists of two main parts. The first part will explore the legal-theoretical and legal-philosophical dimensions of the relationship between justice and conscience, with special emphasis on the interpretation of this relationship provided by the American political philosopher John Rawls. The second part of the paper will examine the issue of compulsory vaccination and conscientious objection through the prism of the rights provided for in the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms.
Kada zakon postane »zatvor Rudan, Dražen; Berdica, Josip
Filozofska istraživanja,
12/2023, Volume:
43, Issue:
3
Journal Article, Web Resource
Peer reviewed
Open access
Povodom dvadesete godišnjice smrti jednog od najznačajnijih suvremenih političkih i socijalnih filozofa, Johna B. Rawlsa (1921. – 2002.), autori se u ovome radu bave njegovim razumijevanjem odnosa ...između građanskog neposluha i slobode u okvirima liberalne ustavne demokracije utemeljene na vladavini prava. Temeljno polazište Rawlsove teorije građanskog neposluha, a samim time i ovoga rada, jest da je riječ o obliku izražavanja neposluha zakonu unutar granica privrženosti pravu, premda na njegovom vanjskom rubu. Ukoliko je sloboda mišljenja kojom se izražava neposluh nepravednim zakonima jedna od temeljnih sloboda, utoliko je građanski neposluh moguće shvatiti ne samo kao korektiv liberalne ustavne demokracije već i kao realni pokušaj njezina »spašavanja«. Riječ je o bitnoj temi suvremene političke filozofije s obzirom na sve prisutniji diskurs o suvremenoj krizi liberalizma uopće i utjecaju te krize na institucije liberalne ustavne demokracije, među kojima se osobito ističe država, a zapravo pravo i pravni sustav u cjelini.
On the twentieth anniversary of the death of one of the most important contemporary political and social philosophers, John B. Rawls (1921–2002), in this paper the authors deal with his understanding of the relationship between civil disobedience and freedom within the framework of a liberal constitutional democracy based on the rule of law. The fundamental starting point of Rawls’s theory, and thus of this work, is that civil disobedience expresses disobedience to the law within the limits of fidelity to the law, although it is at the outer edge thereof. If the freedom of thought expressing disobedience to unjust laws is one of the fundamental freedoms, then civil disobedience can be understood not only as a corrective to liberal constitutional democracy but also as a realistic attempt to “save” it. This is an important topic of contemporary political philosophy, considering the increasingly widespread discourse about the crisis of liberalism in general today, and the impact of that crisis on the institutions of liberal constitutional democracy, among which the state stands out, but in fact law and the legal system as a whole.
Pendant plus de quinze ans, Léon N. Tolstoï (1828–1910) a travaillé sur son seul traité esthétique intitulé Qu’est-ce que l’art ? (1897–1898) dans lequel il écrit que l’art n’est ni l’apparition ...d’une mystérieuse idée ou de la beauté divine, ni le produit de l’énergie de l’homme ou de l’expression de ses émotions, mais un moyen de communication entre hommes, nécessaire à la vie et à l’aspiration vers la bonté de tout humain. Pour lui, l’art est une forme de création communicative qui unit les hommes dans des émotions identiques parmi lesquelles se distingue particulièrement l’importance du Bien. C’est précisément dans le transfert des émotions à l’aide du langage symbolique que repose la principale caractéristique de l’art. L’objectif de ce travail est la lecture des approches de Tolstoï envers l’esthétique et l’art, dispersées dans ses différentes oeuvres, afin d’arriver à la vision de l’art en tant que forme particulière d’ « à la recherche de » mais aussi du reflet du Bien. Ce travail est rédigé dans l’idée qu’une recherche plus exhaustive des pensées esthétiques de Tolstoï peut modestement contribuer à la « réhumanisation de l’art ».
This article deals with an interdisciplinary, legal and sociological, analysis of divorce in Croatia. In the legal context, we provide an overview of the legal and historical development of key ...elements appearing in relation with divorce: the principle of fault and parental custody of children after divorce.We present statistical data on concluded marriages, age at marriage conclusion, dissolved marriages, and duration of marriage in Croatia in the last fifty years.We provide guidelines for contemporary divorce regulation in Croatia by introducing mandatory education of parents prior to divorce involving children, family mediation, and meeting international liabilities of Croatia to provide children with the option of taking part in divorce proceedings.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, PRFLJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Law and film is a quickly-developing interdisciplinary branch which has recently been getting more and more attention, while being almost completely ignored in the Republic of Croatia. The themes ...that law and film cover are various. Firstly, it can be observed how law and film affect each other and how that interrelation affects the opinions of citizens – i.e. the progress of legal culture overall. Also, film can be observed as a sort of source of law, since certain films and/or scenes can serve as case studies. In this topic there will be mention of several famous films which are entirely (or most of the time) set in a courtroom (so-called courtroom dramas).
Law and film is a quickly-developing interdisciplinary branch which has recently been getting more and more attention, while being almost completely ignored in the Republic of Croatia. The themes ...that law and film cover are various. Firstly, it can be observed how law and film affect each other and how that interrelation affects the opinions of citizens – i.e. the progress of legal culture overall. Also, film can be observed as a sort of source of law, since certain films and/or scenes can serve as case studies. In this topic there will be mention of several famous films which are entirely (or most of the time) set in a courtroom (so-called courtroom dramas).
Tema utjecaja razvoja umjetne inteligencije na pravo, pravne profesionalce, njihovu profesiju i uopće pravnu kulturu u hrvatskoj znanstvenoj zajednici do sada se nije značajnije tematizirala. Ovim se ...radom želi potaknuti na šire analize odnosa između sve raširenije uporabe umjetne inteligencije u našoj svakodnevici i specifičnosti obavljanja pravničke profesije u takvom okruženju. Umjetna inteligencija još uvijek je široko i heterogeno područje. Stoga je opravdano postaviti pitanje: koje se od mnogobrojnih tehnologija u razvoju mogu uporabiti na području prava? Koji se pravni poslovi mogu »povjeriti« novim tehnologijama? Da bi se moglo odgovoriti na ovakva i slična pitanja potrebno je izvrsno poznavati kako umjetnu inteligenciju i pravo, tako i područja njihova preklapanja. Kao tematsko područje proučavanja odabrali smo kazneno pravo kao dio javnog prava i posljednji društveni mehanizam reakcije na neželjena ponašanja. Posebno se osvrćemo na njegova dva važna aspekta: element krivnje u kaznenom djelu te mogućnost autonomnog donošenja odluka u kaznenom pravu. Razmatranja su pokazala da hrvatsko kazneno pravo ima mogućnost i potencijal prilagodbe izazovima umjetne inteligencije kad je riječ o krivnji. S druge strane, s obzirom na trenutne pozicije, upitna je nužnost i vrijednost umjetno inteligentnih odluka u kaznenom pravu vezano uz njegova temeljna obilježja. Zaključno, autori izražavaju otklon od stavova o umjetnoj inteligenciji kao surogatu odlučivanja u kaznenom pravu, ali podupiru stav o umjetno inteligentnim pravnim tehnologijama kao pomoćnom sredstvu u donošenju odluka.
The topic of the impact of artificial intelligence on law, the legal profession and legal culture, in general, has not yet been sufficiently discussed in the Croatian scientific community. This paper aims to encourage a more comprehensive analysis of the relationship between the increasing use of artificial intelligence in our daily lives and the specifics of practising the legal profession in such an environment. Artificial intelligence is still a broad and heterogeneous field. It is therefore justified to ask the question: Which of the many technologies currently being developed can be applied in the field of law? Which legal matters can be “entrusted” to the new technologies? To answer such and similar questions, it is necessary to have an excellent knowledge of both artificial intelligence and the law, as well as the areas in which they intersect. We have chosen criminal law, which is a part of public law and the ultimate social mechanism for responding to undesirable behaviour, as our object of study. We pay particular attention to its two important aspects: the element of culpability in a criminal offence and the possibility of autonomous decision-making in criminal law. The reflections have shown that Croatian criminal law may have the ability and potential to adapt to the challenges of artificial intelligence when it comes to culpability. On the other hand, the necessity and value of artificially intelligent decisions are questionable given the fundamental characteristics of criminal law. In conclusion, the authors express a departure from views of artificial intelligence as a decision-making substitute in criminal law but support the view that artificially intelligent legal technologies are an aid to decision-making.
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