The purpose of the study is to characterize irreparable facial disfigurement through the prism of medical science and from the perspective of legal criteria in the pre-trial investigation of criminal ...offenses. The practical basis of the research is the statistical and analytical materials of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine and the National Police of Ukraine, the General Prosecutor's Office, the State Judicial Administration of Ukraine for 2016 - 2021 regarding the commission of criminal offenses, namely infliction of grievous bodily harm on the grounds of irreparable facial disfigurement of the victim; summarized data of the study of 50 materials of criminal proceedings based on the specified facts (resolution on the appointment of forensic and other examinations, as well as relevant conclusions), materials of the mass media. As a result of the research, it was established that the medical criteria for irreparable facial disfigurement specified in the legal acts need to be improved due to the wide application and systemic nature of the problems, due to the wide application and systemic nature of the problems, which entail both complication of qualification of the committed act and other difficulties in the process of pre-trial investigation. The studied views of researchers in the area of medical and legal sciences made it possible to substantiate the essence and content of irreparable facial disfigurement not only as a legal criterion, but also as a primarily negative phenomenon in the provision of public health care.
Despite long-term research on marine litter there is still insufficient knowledge about benthic organisms associated with these substrates, especially experimental studies and methodology of sampling ...for complex biofouling assemblages. To predict the fate of plastic in the marine environment it is necessary to know how long the macrolitter can stay in different sea matrices and what are the steps of colonisation by marine organisms. The experiments were carried out during various seasons in situ in the north-western Black Sea coastal area. Three new types of the experimental constructions intended for different durations of exposure (1–10 months) were designed. This article is the first to present the methodology and the results of complex experiments investigating marine fouling (from microalgae to meio- and macrofauna) on plastic surfaces. Overall, 28 genera of microalgae, 13 major groups of meiobenthos and 36 species of macrofauna were found on plastic during the experiments. The microalgae fouling was mainly formed by representatives of genus Cocconeis. The species composition of microalgae was common for the research area. The average density and biomass of meiobenthos were the greatest on I construction type after 8 months of exposure. In the total macrozoobenthos biomass and density of Bivalvia and Crustacea dominated, respectively. The obtained results on the interaction between fouling organisms and plastic materials in the marine environment form an important contribution to the understanding of the "good ecological status" of the sea. Additional studies based on the tested methodology could be used as a component of ecological monitoring during development and implementation of the approaches of the Marine Strategy (descriptor 10).
The effect of barothermal (HPHT) treatment on the structure and properties of carbides of refractory metals and their alloys is considered. The principal directions of studies are determined. The ...comparative analysis of data measured in studying the mechanical properties of WC–Co hard alloys after sintering at high pressures and temperatures is performed. It has been established that the crucial role in the formation of the structure and mechanical properties of WC–Co alloys in the process of HPHT treatment is played by the process temperature under constant pressure conditions.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
To assess sorption properties of Spherocelle beads consisting of particles of macroporous celiulose with various charges in relation to bacterial cells of manufacturing probiotic strains from ...different taxonomic groups.
The following manufacturing strains: Bifidobacterium bifidum 1, Lactobacillus plantarum 8PA-3 and Escherichia coli M-17, as well as 3 variants of Spherocelles' matrix: neutral, with positive and negative charges, were used.
Spherocelle globules DEAE with a positive charge of the matrix were successively used for designing of immobilized probiotic preparations. Efficacy of sorbent is determined by sorption of > or =1000 viable cells as well as bacterial metabolites interacting in conditions of sorbent-regulated pH on each globule with diameter 100-180 microm. It provides, on the one hand, prolonged viability of probiotic bacteria in culture fluid within 6 months and, on the other hand, optimal pharmacokinetics of preparation due to gradual desorption of metabolites from sorbent globules.
Sorbent Spherocell DEAE is biocompatible with cells of manufacturing strains of lactobacilli, bifidobacteria and E. coli and recommended for designing of immobilized probiotics.
Aim: To study the general activity of NO synthases (gNOS), the activity of inducible and constitutive isoforms of NO synthase, the activity of arginases, and the concentration of nitrites in the ...nasal mucosa under the conditions of local treatment of chronic atrophic rhinitis (AR) with quercetin and platelet-rich plasma (PRP therapy)..
Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on 118 patients divided into two groups: control (n=20) and experimental (patients with AR, n=98). Experimental group was divided into 4 subgroups: standard treatment (n=29), PRP therapy (6 injections for 28 day course, n=19), Quercetin (40 mg 3 times a day for 28 days, n=26) and PRP+Quercetin (n=24) groups.
Results: Standard therapy of SaR increases gNOS by 278.38% and arginase activity increases by 222.73%. PRP therapy increases gNOS by 211.43% and arginase by 540.91%. Quercetin elevates gNOS by 108.33% and arginase by 250%. PRP therapy and quercetin increases gNOS by 146.15% and arginase by 536.36%.
Conclusions: The use of standard therapy of SaR and addition of PRP therapy, quercetin and their combination effectively restores the production of nitric oxide and the arginase activity in the nasal mucosa.
Simulation of neutron irradiation and sputtering on ITER-grade tungsten was studied. The effects of neutron-induced displacement damage have been simulated by irradiation of tungsten target with W6+ ...ions of 20MeV energy. Bombardment by Ar+ ions with energy 600eV was used as imitation of impact of charge exchange atoms in ITER. The sputtering process was interrupted to perform in between measurements of the optical properties of the eroded surface and the mass loss. After sputtering was finished, the surface was thoroughly investigated by different methods for characterizing the surface relief developed due to sputtering. The damaging to, at least, the level that would be achieved in ITER does not lead to a decisive additional contribution to the processes under impact of charge exchange atoms only.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
In the paper, we introduce and study a massive class of continuous functions defined on the interval $(0;1)$ using a special encoding (representation) of the argument with an alphabet $ ...\mathbb{Z}=\{0,\pm 1, \pm 2,...\}$ and base $\tau=\frac{\sqrt{5}-1}{2}$: $\displaystyle x=b_{\alpha_1}+\sum\limits_{k=2}^{m}(b_{\alpha_k}\prod\limits_{i=1}^{k-1}\Theta_{\alpha_i})\equiv\Delta^{\Phi}_{\alpha_1\alpha_2...\alpha_m(\emptyset)},\quadx=b_{\alpha_1}+\sum\limits_{k=2}^{\infty}(b_{\alpha_k}\prod\limits_{i=1}^{k-1}\Theta_{\alpha_i})\equiv\Delta^{\Phi}_{\alpha_1\alpha_2...\alpha_n...},$
where $\alpha_n\in \mathbb{Z}$, $\Theta_n=\Theta_{-n}=\tau^{3+|n|}$,$b_n=\sum\limits_{i=-\infty}^{n-1}\Theta_i=\begin{cases}\tau^{2-n}, & \mbox{if } n\leq0, \\1-\tau^{n+1}, & \mbox{if } n\geq 0.\end{cases}$
The function $f$, which is the main object of the study, is defined by equalities$\displaystyle\begin{cases}f(x=\Delta^{\Phi}_{i_1...i_k...})=\sigma_{i_11}+\sum\limits_{k=2}^{\infty}\sigma_{i_kk}\prod\limits_{j=1}^{k-1}p_{i_jj}\equiv\Delta_{i_1...i_k...},\\f(x=\Delta^{\Phi}_{i_1...i_m(\emptyset)})=\sigma_{i_11}+\sum\limits_{k=2}^{m}\sigma_{i_kk}\prod\limits_{j=1}^{k-1}p_{i_jj}\equiv\Delta_{i_1...i_m(\emptyset)},\end{cases}$ where an infinite matrix $||p_{ik}||$ ($i\in \mathbb{Z}$, $k\in \mathbb N$) satisfies the conditions
1) $|p_{ik}|<1$ $\forall i\in \mathbb{Z}$, $\forall k\in \mathbb N;\quad$2) $\sum\limits_{i\in \mathbb{Z}}p_{ik}=1$ $\forall k\in\mathbb N$;
3) $0<\sum\limits_{k=2}^{\infty}\prod\limits_{j=1}^{k-1}p_{i_jj}<\infty~~\forall (i_j)\in L;\quad$4) $0<\sigma_{ik}\equiv\sum\limits_{j=-\infty}^{i-1}p_{jk}<1$ $\forall i\in \mathbb Z, \forall k\in \mathbb N.$
This class of functions contains monotonic, non-monotonic, nowhere monotonic functions and functionswithout monotonicity intervals except for constancy intervals, Cantor-type andquasi-Cantor-type functions as well as functions of bounded and unbounded variation. The criteria for the function $f$ to be monotonic and to be a function of the Cantor type as well as the criterion of nowhere monotonicity are proved. Expressions for the Lebesgue measure of the set of non-constancy of the function and for the variation of the function are found. Necessary and sufficient conditions for thefunction to be of unbounded variation are established.
Dear Colleagues! We are glad to present the 11 th Edition of the Standards of Specialized Diabetes Care. These evidence-based guidelines were designed to standardize and facilitate diabetes care in ...all regions of the Russian Federation. The Standards are updated on the regular basis to incorporate new data and relevant recommendations from national and international clinical societies, including World Health Organization Guidelines (WHO), International Diabetes Federation (IDF), European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD), American Diabetes Association (ADA), American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists (AACE), International Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Diabetes (ISPAD) and Russian Association of Endocrinologists (RAE). Current edition of the “Standards” also integrates results of completed randomized clinical trials, as well as findings from the national studies of diabetes mellitus (DM), conducted in close partnership with a number of Russian hospitals. Latest data indicates that prevalence of DM in the world increased during the last decade more than two-fold, reaching some 537 million patients by the end of 2021. According to the current estimation by the International Diabetes Federation, 643 million patients will be suffering from DM by 2030 and 783 million by 2045. Like many other countries, Russian Federation experiences a sharp rise in the prevalence of DM. According to Russian Federal Diabetes Register, there are at least 4 962 762 patients with DM in this country on 01.01.2023 (3,42% of population) with 92,3% (4 581 990) – Type 2 DM, 5,6% (277 092) – Type 1 DM and 2,1% (103 680) – other types of DM, including 8 758 women with gestational DM. However, these results underestimate real quantity of patients, because they consider only registered cases. Results of Russian epidemiological study (NATION) confirmed that 54% of patients with Type 2 DM are undiagnosed. So real number of patients with DM in Russia is 11-12 million patients (about 7% of population). This is a great long-term problem, because a lot of patients are not diagnosed, so they don’t receive any treatment and have high risk of vascular complications. Severe consequences of the global pandemic of DM include its vascular complications: nephropathy, retinopathy, coronary, cerebral and peripheral vascular disease. These conditions are responsible for the majority of cases of diabetes-related disability and death. In accordance with the Federal Law № 489-FZ of 25.12.2018 medical care should be provided on the basis of the clinical recommendations. Therefore, clinical recommendations posted in the rubricator of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (https://cr.minzdrav.gov.ru) being the priority. This edition of the Algorithms for Specialized Care for Patients with Diabetes Mellitus contains the main information from the clinical guidelines for the management of diabetes mellitus in adults and children (“Type 1 Diabetes in Children (2022)”, “Type 1 Diabetes in Adults (2022)”, “Type 2 diabetes mellitus in children (2021)”, “Type 2 diabetes mellitus in adults (2022)”), as well as the updated data. New information has been added about indications for using of antihyperglycemic drugs and their instructional restrictions; algorithm of treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus has been updated; clarifications have been made on the range of glycemic control in pregnant women; information on the treatment of diabetic complications and the management of pediatric patients has been added. In 2023, Russian diabetology suffered an unbearable loss - Alexander Yuryevich Mayorov, who was the executive editor of the previous issues and an active participant of the work on all the previous editions of “Algorithms” from the moment they were founded, passed away. This publication is dedicated to the memory of Alexander Yuryevich, who was an example of the service to patients and medicine, a friend, teacher, mentor, generously sharing his knowledge and the sample of the execution of the medical duty to all of us. On behalf of the Working Group
The wear of functional components of rock-crushing tools with composite diamond-containing materials (DCM) based on a metal binder sintered by resistive electrosintering under pressure in the process ...of grinding of sandstone from the Torez deposit is studied. A characteristic named the degree of reinforcing of the working surface of the DCM functional components is proposed, which is determined from the ratio of the total area of the diamond cutting grains to the area of the working surface of the functional component. The dependence of the intensity of wear of DCM functional components on the degree of diamond reinforcement of their working surfaces is plotted. During the tests, rock destruction products and wear (sludge) fragments of DCM functional components are collected and analyzed using digital image processing tools, as a result of which morphometric characteristics of the sludge as a function of the degree of reinforcement of the DCM component working surfaces with diamond grains are obtained. Using the colorimetry method, metal binder fragments of the DCM are isolated from the total mass of sludge and their size distribution is determined. The results of morphometric analyses of the wear products of the diamond-containing composite tool and the rock destruction products are given.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
This paper presents a description of the Olenekian–Anisian sections in South Primorye, Far East Russia, containing reptile remains. The paper describes important ammonoid
Flexoptychites
cf.
rifunus
...(Yabe et Shimizu), as well as
Flexoptychites
cf.
compressus
(Yabe et Shimizu), which are stratigraphically significant. New Anisian reptile remains were discovered from four stratigraphic levels in South Primorye: (1) the upper part of the middle Anisian
Acrochordiceras
kiparisovae
Zone (Ichthyopterigia indet. A), (2) the middle part of the upper Anisian
Flexoptychites
cf.
rifunus
Beds (Reptilia indet. cf. Ichthyopterygia A), (3) the upper part of the upper Anisian
Flexoptychites
cf.
rifunus
Beds (Ichthyoterygia indet. B), and (4) the uppermost part of the upper Anisian
Flexoptychites
cf.
rifunus
Beds (Reptilia indet. cf. Ichthyopterygia B). The Anisian stage is marked by an abundance of medium- to large-sized ichthyopterygians and a comparatively limited number of gigantic forms, particularly in the eastern Panthalassic and western Tethyan provinces. Our recent discovery has unveiled the presence of medium- to large-sized reptiles, seemingly ichthyopterygians, in the western Panthalassic province during the late Anisian (
Flexoptychites
cf.
rifunus
Chrone).
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
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