Na hrvaškem krasu je veliko udornic. So tudi take, nastale zaradi posedanja (subsidence). Analiziranih je nekaj geomorfoloških elementov in oblik, nastalih z udiranjem in posedanjem (vpliv geoloških ...okoliščin in stopnje jamskega razvoja na procese udiranja in posedanja, morfologija udornih in subsidenčnih vrtač ter jamskih rovov pod njimi), iz dveh jam z različnih delov hrvaškega krasa (Dolačina mama iz Žumberka in Jama na Sredi s Cresa). Opazovanja potrjujejo, da je podiranje pomembna sestavina v razvoju jam in da je nastajanje udornih in subsidenčnih vrtač pomemben pokazatelj razvojne stopnje krasa. In the Croatian Karst area there are a lot of collapse dolines. Here we can also find structures that are the result of subsidence (subsidence dolines). In the cases of two selected caves in different parts of the Croatian Karst area (Dolačina mama cave - Žumberak Mt. and Jama na Sredi cave - Cres island) some geomorphological elements and features of collapse and subsidence processes were analysed (the influence of geological conditions and the cave’s stage of development to wards collapse/subsidence the morphology of collapse and subsidence dolines and the cave passages beneath them). Observations confirm that collapse is a significant component of cave development and that formation of collapse and subsidence dolines is an important indicator of karst evolution.
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In terms of spatial planning and environment protection procedures in Croatia, geomorphological features as a component of geodiversity are mostly considered marginally. They are considered locally ...in the scope of certain operations such as urban development, mining, or activities that are being assessed in the environment impact assessment procedures or spatial and strategical planning. Regarding the protection and the planning processes connected with it, geomorphological features should be considered in the right scale and with all of its values and services that are being provided to the environment on a landscape scale. In this paper, geodiversity and its role in landscape evolution will be connected and explained with the example of subgeomorphological region Ogulinsko-plašćanska Zavala, in the mountainous Dinaric karst part of Croatia. As it has been a region with long human and nature interaction, and a region with preserved natural and seminatural landscapes, it is a suitable area for such an analysis. In order to properly assess the geomorphological features as one of the determinants of landscape, the basis for environment impact assessment procedures and spatial planning procedures, geoecological analysis of geodiversity and landscape services occurrence and spatial distribution is carried out.
This paper analyses complex hydrological and hydrogeological properties of a deep karstic lake and its surroundings. Red Lake (Croatia) is a cryptodepression in the karst massif rich in ...well-developed extreme surface karst forms and underground conduit system. It is interconnected with other close water bodies and offers information on groundwater movement and characteristics. The article analyses hourly data on precipitation and water levels in Red Lake and compares them with data on discharges from near Opačac Spring for a period of five years. Data gaps in the record caused by operational interruptions of the measuring equipment were compensated by the use of neural networks. The study of the hydrodynamics of karst surroundings under recession was conducted by observing the receding water levels and corresponding lake’s volumetry. By isolating recession periods from the record of integral water volume change, some of the common techniques in recession analysis were performed aiming to acquire new knowledge on the hydrogeological regime of the karst system at the field scale. Additionally, spectral analysis was used as another tool of karst system characterisation since it enables the signal decomposition in the frequency domain and detection of dominant flow processes.
Vzorce mulja smo nabrali v šestih jamah v Narodnem parku Risnjak v Gorskem kotarju. Da bi kar najbolj omejili neposreden antropogeni vpliv, smo vzorčili v težko dostopnih razpokah in breznih. Vzorce ...smo pedološko analizirali in jim izmerili vsebnost težkih kovin. Rezultati so pokazali nizko vsebnost svinca, bakra in cinka, ki je nižja kot v večini hrvaških jam, medtem ko je vsebnost kadmija višja kot v drugih jamah. Vsebnost težkih kovin v jamah je nižja kot v humusnem horizontu. Samples of silt were taken from six speleological objects in the Risnjak National Park in Gorski kotar area (NW Croatia). The samples were taken from almost inaccessible rock fissures and shafts in order to find the most natural sediment outside the reach of anthropogenic pollution. The samples were examined in the Laboratory of the Forest Research Institute, where standard pedological analyses were performed, and the content of several heavy metals (Pb, Cu, Zn and Cd) was determined. The results indicate relatively low values of the content of lead, copper and zinc, while the values of cadmium in the sediment were increased above the limit level of 2 mgkg-1 in the majority of speleological objects. The content of other heavy metals (Pb, Cu and Zn) in mgkg-1 was lower than previously determined in samples taken from other speleological objects on the Croatian territory. Also, the content of heavy metals was lower in relation to surface soil samples taken from the humus horizon and mineral part of the soil under the parent rock of limestone, when sampling the soils of the Risnjak National Park.
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In limestone caves, environmental processes often cause alterations of human or animal skeletal remains, complicating classical analytical methods. Exemplary, a proximal femoral skeletal fragment, ...enclosed by a thick layer of speleothemic calcite deposits, was discovered during the exploration of the Bedara cave in Žumberak, Croatia. An examination without removal of the surrounding mineral deposits, possibly leading to damage of the specimen, was, therefore, desirable.
We describe and discuss the applied techniques, including clinical computed tomography, virtual cleaning by a specially developed segmentation protocol using an open-source DICOM viewer, and virtual visualisation and dimensioning using computer-aided design software, so that this “hidden” specimen could be non-invasively examined in great detail. We also report on the circumstances and origin of the find, the results of radiocarbon dating, and its anatomical and taxonomic identification, according to which, the bone fragment belonged to a wild boar (
Sus scrofa
) from the timeframe of the Middle Eneolithic Retz-Gajary culture in the region (4,781 ± 35 years before present). This study provides a reference for future paleontological and anthropological analyses, seeking to unlock the enormous potential of anatomical studies of comparable skeletal remains that are either petrified or enclosed in speleothemic deposits.
Jama Provala, 1687 m dolga in 55 m globoka, razvita v dveh nivojih, se odpira v fluviokraškem svetu Žumberačke gore (SZ Hrvaška). Skozi spodnji nivo teče stalni vodni tok. Zgornji nivo je, glede na ...vodne značilnosti, mogoče razdeliti na tri dele: 1. južni s stalnim vodnim tokom, 2. del z občasnim vodnim tokom in 3. suhi del. V zadnjih dveh delih, ki se imenujeta Suhi rov, so bile opravljene morfološke raziskave. Provala cave is located in the fluviokarst area of Žumberačka gora mountain (NW Croatia). This two-level cave is 1687 m long and 55 m deep. In the lower level there is a permanent water stream. The upper level, according to its hydrological characteristics, can be divided into three parts: 1. the southern part with permanent water stream, 2. the part with periodical water stream, and 3. dry part. The last two parts called “Dry passage” were speleomorphologically observed.
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U Hrvatskoj u skladu sa svjetskim trendovima dolazi do sve većih promjena krajobraza uslijed promjena korištenja zemljišta, klimatskih promjena te općenito antropogenoga utjecaja. Usporedno s time ...raste i potreba za intenzivnijim i dubljim poznavanjem značajki krajobraza u svrhu adekvatne zaštite i upravljanja. Cilj je ovoga rada dati pregled stanja znanstvenih istraživanja krajobraza i u Hrvatskoj da bi se utvrdili dionici, metodologije i raznolikost istraženih tematskih područja te stupanj istraženosti i poznavanja krajobraza Hrvatske. U posljednjih deset godina izražen je pojačan interes za istraživanja krajobraza te su utvrđena dva jasna pristupa: geografski pristup i pristup arhitekture i krajobrazne arhitekture. Pristupi se međusobno razlikuju u tematskim područjima istraživanja, metodologiji i prostornom kontekstu istraživanja.
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In Croatia, as elsewhere, significant changes have occurred in the landscape over time, due to changes in land use, climate change, and general anthropogenic activities. Accordingly, the need for ...deeper and more intensive understanding of landscape properties has arisen, in order to ensure adequate land management and protection. The aim of this study is to give an overview of the state of scientific landscape research in Croatia, and determine the stakeholders, methodologies, various research topics, and degree of research and knowledge regarding Croatia’s landscapes. Over the past decade, there has been an increased interest in landscape research, with two clear landscape research approaches emerging: geographic approach and (landscape) architecture approach, that differ in terms of the issues examined, methodologies applied, and spatial context.
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Microclimate research of the Cave in Belejska komunada was conducted in the period from 1 February to 19 August 2007. In the analysis of temperature and air humidity measurement data recorded by ...electronic thermohygrograph were used. Measurement points were installed in the vicinity of the entrance and at the bottom of the cave. The research was carried out as a component of the geoecological evaluation of the cave for the purpose of planning its tourist use. The measurement was conducted during the warm part of the year when the majority of tourists would visit, therefore the period was particularly interesting since the cave visitors have an impact on changes in microclimatic parameters.
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Članak daje pregled dijela speleoloških istraživanja na teritoriju Parka prirode "Žumberak-Samoborsko gorje". Uz pregled osnovnih značajki krškog reljefa i hidrografije, obrađene su značajke 51 ...speleološke pojave (spilje i jame). Prema nagibu kanal određene su vrste speleoloških pojava, zatim morfološki tipovi, analizirane dimenzije (duljina i dubina), hidrološke značajke, hidrogeološka uloga, vrste sedimenata, te utjecaj geološke građe terena na značajke istraženih spilja i jama.
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