To identify the psychiatric and epilepsy variables predictive of postsurgical seizure outcome after anterotemporal lobectomy (ATL).
Retrospective study of 100 consecutive patients with temporal lobe ...epilepsy (TLE) who underwent ATL. The mean (+/- SD) follow-up period was 8.3 (+/- 3.1) years. Three types of surgical outcomes were examined at 2 years after surgery and at last contact: class IA (no disabling seizures no auras), class IA + IB (no disabling seizures), and class IA + IB + IC (no or rare disabling seizures in the first postsurgical year). Logistic regression analyses were performed separately for the three types of surgical outcomes. The epilepsy-related independent variables included age at onset, cause of TLE (mesial temporal sclerosis, lesional and cryptogenic TLE), extent of resection of mesial structures, neuropathologic abnormalities, having only complex partial seizures, and duration of the seizure disorder. The psychiatric independent variables included a postsurgical and presurgical lifetime history of mood, anxiety, attention deficit hyperactivity, and psychotic disorders.
The absence of a psychiatric history was an independent predictor of all three types of surgical outcomes. In addition, a larger resection of mesial structures was a predictor for class IA outcome, and having only complex partial seizures (vs generalized tonic-clonic seizures) was a predictor for class IA + IB and IA + IB + IC. Having mesial temporal sclerosis (vs other causes of TLE) was a predictor for class IA + IB + IC as well.
These data indicate that a lifetime psychiatric history may be predictive of a worse postsurgical seizure outcome after an anterotemporal lobectomy.
The compact configuration of Phase II of the Murchison Widefield Array (MWA) consists of both a redundant subarray and pseudo-random baselines, offering unique opportunities to perform sky-model and ...redundant interferometric calibration. The highly redundant hexagonal cores give improved power spectrum sensitivity. In this paper, we present the analysis of nearly 40 hr of data targeting one of the MWA's epoch of reionization (EoR) fields observed in 2016. We use both improved analysis techniques presented in Barry et al. and several additional techniques developed for this work, including data quality control methods and interferometric calibration approaches. We show the EoR power spectrum limits at redshift 6.5, 6.8, and 7.1 based on our deep analysis on this 40 hr data set. These limits span a range in k-space of 0.18 h Mpc−1 < k < 1.6 h Mpc−1, with a lowest measurement of Δ2 ≤ 2.39 × 103 mK2 at k = 0.59 h Mpc−1 and z = 6.5.
ABSTRACT
Intermediate-luminosity red transients (ILRTs) are a class of observed transient posited to arise from the production of an electron-capture supernova from a super-asymptotic giant branch ...star within a dusty cocoon. In this paper, we present a systematic analysis of narrow Na i D absorption as a means of probing the circumstellar environment of these events. We find a wide diversity of evolution in ILRTs in terms of line strength, time-scale, and shape. We present a simple toy model designed to predict this evolution as arising from ejecta from a central supernova passing through a circumstellar environment wherein Na ii is recombining to Na i over time. We find that while our toy model can qualitatively explain the evolution of a number of ILRTs, the majority of our sample undergoes evolution more complex than predicted. The success of using the Na i D doublet as a diagnostic tool for studying circumstellar material will rely on the availability of regular high-resolution spectral observations of multiple ILRTs, and more detailed spectral modelling will be required to produce models capable of explaining the diverse range of behaviours exhibited by ILRTs. In addition, the strength of the Na i D absorption feature has been used as a means of estimating the extinction of sources, and we suggest that the variability visible in ILRTs would prevent such methods from being used for this class of transient, and any others showing evidence of variability.
In this work the development of an autonomous, robust and wearable micro-fluidic platform capable of performing on-line analysis of pH in sweat is discussed. Through the means of an optical detection ...system based on a surface mount light emitting diode (SMD LED) and a light photo sensor as a detector, a wearable system was achieved in which real-time monitoring of sweat pH was performed during 55min of cycling activity. We have shown how through systems engineering, integrating miniaturised electrical components, and by improving the micro-fluidic chip characteristics, the wearability, reliability and performance of the micro-fluidic platform was significantly improved.
Full text
Available for:
GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
In order to measure and understand trajectories of parental feeding practices and their relationship with child eating and weight, it is desirable to perform assessment from infancy and across time, ...in age-appropriate ways. While many feeding practices questionnaires exist, none is presently available that enables tracking of feeding practices from infancy through childhood. The aim of the study was to develop a version of the Feeding Practices and Structure Questionnaire (FPSQ) for parents with infants and toddlers (< 2 years) to be used in conjunction with the original FPSQ for older children (≥2 years) to measure feeding practices related to non-responsiveness and structure across childhood.
Constructs and items for the FPSQ for infants and toddlers were derived from the existing and validated FPSQ for older children and supplemented by a review of the literature on infant feeding questionnaires. Following expert review, two versions of the questionnaire were developed, one for milk feeding parents and one for solid feeding parents. Data from two studies were combined (child ages 0-24 months) to test the derived constructs with Confirmatory Factor Analysis for the milk feeding (N = 731) and solid feeding (N = 611) versions.
The milk feeding version consisted of four factors (18 items) and showed acceptable model fit and good internal reliability: 'feeding on demand vs. feeding routine' (α = 0.87), 'using food to calm' (α = 0.87), 'persuasive feeding' (α = 0.71), 'parent-led feeding' (α = 0.79). The same four factors showed acceptable model fit for the solid feeding version (21 items), likewise with good internal reliability (α = 0.74, 0.86, 0.85, 0.84 respectively). Two additional factors (13 items) were developed for the solid feeding version that appeared developmentally appropriate only for children aged 12 months or older: 'family meal environment' (α = 0.81) and 'using (non-)food rewards' (α = 0.92). The majority of factor-factor correlations were in line with those of the original FPSQ.
The FPSQ milk and solid feeding versions are the first measures specifically developed as precursors to the FPSQ to measure parental feeding practices in children < 2 years, particularly practices related to non-responsiveness and structure. Further validation in more diverse samples is required.
Full text
Available for:
IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Abstract
Introduction
Several studies assessing the effect of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)/COVID-19 on myocardial tissue through the medium of cardiac magnetic ...resonance (CMR) imaging have been published. These studies have generally been small or have focused on specific populations. The prevalence and severity of heart disease and coagulopathy in a community setting following recovery from severe COVID-19 infection are not well characterised.
Purpose
The aim of SETANTA (Study of HEarT DiseAse and ImmuNiTy After COVID-19 in Ireland) study was to investigate symptom burden and incidence of cardiac abnormalities after recovery from COVID-19 infection and correlate these results with immunological response, biomarkers of coagulation and quality of life.
Methods
The SETANTA study was a prospective, single-arm, cross-sectional study conducted in a community medicine setting. Patients with recent COVID-19 infection ≥ 6 weeks and ≤ 12 months before enrolment were enrolled. Primary outcomes of interest and inclusion/exclusion criteria are summarised in Figure 1.
Results
100 patients were included in the study, 64% were female. Mean age was 45.2 years. The median (interquartile range) time interval between COVID-19 infection and enrolment was 189 125, 246 days. 83% had at least one persistent symptom. 96% had positive serology for prior SARS-CoV-2 infection. CMR results are summarised in Figure 1. Late gadolinium enhancement and pericardial effusion was present in 2.2% and 8.3% respectively; left ventricular ejection fraction was below the normal reference limit in 17.4% of patients. Von Willebrand factor antigen was elevated in 32.7% of patients. Fibrinogen and D-Dimer levels were raised in 10.2% and 11.1% of patients, respectively.
In total 99, 100 and 97 patients completed their 1, 6 and 12-month telephone follow-ups respectively. There were no significant serious adverse events reported at 6-months follow-up; one case of hospitalization for 7 nights for fever of unknown origin was reported at 12 months. All 100 patients completed their modified version of SAQ7 (Seattle Angina Questionnaire, short form) and EQ-5D-5L (EuroQol 5-dimension 5 level) questionnaires at baseline, while 75 and 72 patients, respectively, completed both their questionnaires at 6- and 12-month follow-up timepoints; responses are displayed as Figure 2 (SAQ7 as Panel A, and EQ-5D-5L as Panel B) and show improvement over time in terms of symptoms as well as quality of life though the follow-up period.
Conclusions
In a cohort of primary practice patients recently recovered from SARS-CoV-2 infection, prevalence of persistent symptoms and markers of abnormal coagulation were high, despite a lower frequency of abnormalities on cardiac MRI compared with prior reports of patients assessed in a hospital setting. Symptom burden improved over time and there were no major adverse events during follow-up to 1 year.Figure 1.Figure 2.
•Ferroptosis is a caspase independent cell death relevant to many diseases.•Cellular response to Class I or II ferroptosis inducers is epitranscriptionally distinct.•mRNA stability changes play ...important role in ferroptosis stress response.•Codon usage and biases are distinct in cellular response to different ferroptosis inducers.•Alkbh1 influences ferroptosis via translational repression and reprogramming.
Ferroptosis is a non-apoptotic cell death mechanism characterized by the generation of lipid peroxides. While many effectors in the ferroptosis pathway have been mapped, its epitranscriptional regulation is not yet fully understood. Ferroptosis can be induced via system xCT inhibition (Class I) or GPX4 inhibition (Class II). Previous works have revealed important differences in cellular response to different ferroptosis inducers. Importantly, blocking mRNA transcription or translation appears to protect cells against Class I ferroptosis inducing agents but not Class II. In this work, we examined the impact of blocking transcription (via Actinomycin D) or translation (via Cycloheximide) on Erastin (Class I) or RSL3 (Class II) induced ferroptosis. Blocking transcription or translation protected cells against Erastin but was detrimental against RSL3. Cycloheximide led to increased levels of GSH alone or when co-treated with Erastin via the activation of the reverse transsulfuration pathway. RNA sequencing analysis revealed early activation of a strong alternative splice program before observed changes in transcription. mRNA stability analysis revealed divergent mRNA stability changes in cellular response to Erastin or RSL3. Importantly, codon optimality biases were drastically different in either condition. Our data also implicated translation repression and rate as an important determinant of the cellular response to ferroptosis inducers. Given that mRNA stability and codon usage can be influenced via the tRNA epitranscriptome, we evaluated the role of a tRNA modifying enzyme in ferroptosis stress response. Alkbh1, a tRNA demethylase, led to translation repression and increased the resistance to Erastin but made cells more sensitive to RSL3.
Full text
Available for:
GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Interventions that promote responsive feeding in early childhood have been shown to reduce obesity risks. However, interventions mostly target parent-child dyads without considering the complexities ...of implementing responsive feeding across multiple children within a family unit. This scoping review aims to assess the extent and nature of current literature examining feeding in the context of siblings. Six electronic databases were searched (APA PsycINFO, CINAHL, Embase, Medline, ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global, and Scopus) for articles published up until November 25, 2021. Studies were included if they compared the use of parent feeding practices and/or styles for two or more siblings aged ≤18 years. Data were extracted from relevant studies and analysed using basic descriptive statistics. A total of 18 studies from North America (n = 12) and Europe (n = 6) were included, with the majority targeting children between 6 and 18 years of age (n = 12). All studies were cross-sectional, with most designed to test differences in parent-reported feeding practices for siblings, primarily restriction and/or pressure to eat, in relation to differences in their characteristics (n = 12). The studies provide some evidence that parents may modify certain feeding practices or styles for siblings in response to differences in their characteristics, such as weight status and eating behaviours. Future research should examine processes that underlie feeding decisions in the context of siblings, including the contexts and consequences of differential feeding, with particular focus on early childhood when feeding interventions may be most effective.
Full text
Available for:
GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Child eating behaviours have consistently been linked to child weight status. Yet, changes in child eating behaviours during early obesity treatment are rarely evaluated. Psychometric evaluation of ...the Child Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (CEBQ) is common, but results are sample-dependent and included items may not capture the full range of the underlying traits. Rasch analysis can overcome these disadvantages. The aim of this paper was to assess child eating behaviours measured by the CEBQ after a 12-month obesity intervention applying the Rasch model for the validation of the CEBQ. The Rasch-based fit statistics were applied in children from two samples, Australian and Swedish (n = 1724). Changes in eating behaviours amongst children aged 4–6 years were examined in the More and Less RCT for obesity treatment (n = 177), which compared a parenting programme (with and without boosters) against standard treatment. Parents completed the CEBQ at four time points over 12-months. Linear mixed models were applied to estimate treatment effects on the CEBQ, refined according to Rasch, over time. We found that the validity of CEBQ was confirmed after removing 4 items (item fit statistics outside range 0.5–1.5). When the refined CEBQ was used in the assessment of the RCT, there were no differences in parental reports of changes in children's eating behaviours between the parenting programme and standard treatment (group-by-time interactions p > 0.05). However, in the total sample food approach behaviours decreased while fussy eating behaviours increased (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the refined CEBQ proved to be a valid tool for examining parent-reported child eating behaviours. Early obesity treatment may decrease eating behaviours associated with higher child weight. Future research should address the associations between changes in child weight status and eating behaviours.
Full text
Available for:
GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
PDF
