To examine the effect of
(
) on the microenvironment of colonic neoplasms and the expression of inflammatory mediators and microRNAs (miRNAs).
Levels of
DNA, cytokine gene mRNA (
,
,
,
,
,
and
), and ...potentially interacting miRNAs (miR-21-3p, miR-22-3p, miR-28-5p, miR-34a-5p, miR-135b-5p) were measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) TaqMan
assays in DNA and/or RNA extracted from the disease and adjacent normal fresh tissues of 27 colorectal adenoma (CRA) and 43 colorectal cancer (CRC) patients.
mutations were detected by direct sequencing and microsatellite instability (MSI) status by multiplex PCR. Cytoscape v3.1.1 was used to construct the postulated miRNA:mRNA interaction network.
Overabundance of
in neoplastic tissue compared to matched normal tissue was detected in CRA (51.8%) and more markedly in CRC (72.1%). We observed significantly greater expression of
,
,
, and miR-135b in CRA lesions and
,
,
,
, miR-34a and miR-135b in CRC tumours compared to their respective normal tissues. Only two transcripts for miR-22 and miR-28 were exclusively downregulated in CRC tumour samples. The mRNA expression of
,
,
and miR-22 was positively correlated with
quantification in CRC tumours. The mRNA expression of miR-135b and
was inversely correlated. The miRNA:mRNA interaction network suggested that the upregulation of miR-34a in CRC proceeds
a
/
-dependent response to
. Finally,
mutations were more frequently observed in CRC samples infected with
and were associated with greater expression of miR-21 in CRA, while
was upregulated in MSI-high CRC.
Our findings indicate that
is a risk factor for CRC by increasing the expression of inflammatory mediators through a possible miRNA-mediated activation of
/
.
Objective. The anti-inflammatory proteins annexin-A1 and galectin-1 have been associated with tumor progression. This scenario prompted us to investigate the relationship between the gene and protein ...expression of annexin-A1 (ANXA1/AnxA1) and galectin-1 (LGALS1/Gal-1) in an inflammatory gastric lesion as chronic gastritis (CG) and gastric adenocarcinoma (GA) and its association with H. pylori infection. Methods. We analyzed 40 samples of CG, 20 of GA, and 10 of normal mucosa (C) by the quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) technique and the immunohistochemistry assay. Results. High ANXA1 mRNA expression levels were observed in 90% (36/40) of CG cases (mean relative quantification RQ = 4.26 ± 2.03) and in 80% (16/20) of GA cases (mean RQ = 4.38 ± 4.77). However, LGALS1 mRNA levels were high (mean RQ = 2.44 ± 3.26) in 60% (12/20) of the GA cases, while low expression was found in CG (mean RQ = 0.43±3.13; P<0.01). Normal mucosa showed modest immunoreactivity in stroma but not in epithelium, while stroma and epithelium displayed an intense immunostaining in CG and GA for both proteins. Conclusion. These results have provided evidence that galectin-1 and mainly annexin-A1 are overexpressed in both gastritis and gastric cancer, suggesting a strong association of these proteins with chronic gastric inflammation and carcinogenesis.
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DOBA, FZAB, GIS, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
To evaluate the association between polymorphisms XRCC1 Arg194Trp and Arg399Gln and XRCC3 Thr241Met and the risk for chronic gastritis and gastric cancer, in a Southeastern Brazilian population.
...Genotyping by PCR-RFLP was carried out on 202 patients with chronic gastritis (CG) and 160 patients with gastric cancer (GC), matched to 202 (C1) and 150 (C2) controls, respectively.
No differences were observed among the studied groups with regard to the genotype distribution of XRCC1 codons 194 and 399 and of XRCC3 codon 241. However, the combined analyses of the three variant alleles (194Trp, 399Gln and 241Met) showed an increased risk for chronic gastritis when compared to the GC group. Moreover, an interaction between the polymorphic alleles and demographic and environmental factors was observed in the CG and GC groups. XRCC1 194Trp was associated with smoking in the CG group, while the variant alleles XRCC1 399Gln and XRCC3 241Met were related with gender, smoking, drinking and H pylori infection in the CG and GC groups.
Our results showed no evidence of a relationship between the polymorphisms XRCC1 Arg194Trp and Arg399Gln and XRCC3 Thr241Met and the risk of chronic gastritis and gastric cancer in the Brazilian population, but the combined effect of these variants may interact to increase the risk for chronic gastritis, considered a premalignant lesion. Our data also indicate a gene-environment interaction in the susceptibility to chronic gastritis and gastric cancer.
AIM： To investigate the occurrence of chromosome 3, 7, 8, 9, and 17 aneuploidies, TPS3 gene deletion and p53 protein expression in chronic gastritis, atrophic gastritis and gastric ulcer, and their ...association with H pylori infection.
METHODS： Gastric biopsies from normal mucosa （NM, n = 10）, chronic gastritis （CG, n = 38）, atrophic gastritis （CAG, n=13） and gastric ulcer （GU, n=21） were studied using fluorescence in situ hybridization （FISH） and immunohistochemical assay. A modified Giemsa staining technique and PCR were used to detect Hpylori. An association of the gastric pathologies and aneuploidies with Hpylori infection was assessed.
RESULTS： Aneuploidies were increasingly found from CG （21%） to CAG （31%） and to GU （62%）, involving mainly monosomy and trisomy 7, trisomies 7 and 8, and trisomies 7, 8 and 17, respectively. A significant association was found between H pylori infection and aneuploidies in CAG （P=0.0143） and GU （P=0.0498）. No TP53 deletion was found in these gastric lesions, but p53-positive immunoreactivity was detected in 45% （5/11） and 12% （2/17） of CG and GU cases, respectively. However, there was no significant association between p53 expression and H pylori infection. CONCLUSION： The occurrence of aneuploidies in benign lesions evidences chromosomal instability in early stages of gastric carcinogenesis associated with Hpylori infection, which may confer proliferative advantage. The increase of p53 protein expression in CG and GU may be due to overproduction of the wild-type protein related to an inflammatory response in mucosa.
In the cancer of the esophagus, with recent technologic advances, self-expanding metal stents (SEMS) are at the forefront of the armamentarium for re-establishing luminal patency. Weighed against the ...numerous advantages of stents are the import conditions and the cost. In light of this, we tested new low cost prostheses having the basic needs and characteristics to aim a significant benefit to poor people having advanced esophageal cancer, in a Brazilian regional public hospital.
This initial experience included fifteen patients (eleven men and four women, 55 ± 6.17 years old), presenting esophageal cancer, located at the medium third of the thoracic esophagus, extending for 5.5-8 cm long, not suitable for surgical procedure because they had been staged on fourth grade of the disease, two of them having fistula communicating esophagus to respiratory tree. The stents were placed under endoscopic and fluoroscopic guidance, after attempting an esophageal dilatation. An appropriate covered stent was then deployed, twelve of 10 cm and three of 13 cm in length. A chest X-ray was done 2 h after the procedure and a barium swallow was performed within 12 hours. Seven days and monthly until complete a six month follow-up after the procedure the patients were questioned about presence of pain, regurgitation, heartburn, cough, and their alimentary behavior.
There were no severe complications and transient mild chest pain resolved until the seventh day after the stent deployment. Chest X-ray demonstrated expansion of the stent in all patients. In 2 cases of fistula, a barium swallow showed its complete sealing. The completion of the proposed follow-up was not achieved in three cases, limited by the patient's death until the third month, due to cancer progression. Recurrent dysphagia to paste food accounted for by tumor overgrowth proximal or distal to the stent and stent migration were not observed in the series.
The new low cost endoprostheses is effective and forthcoming increased experience and prospective trials including questionnaires to analyze quality of life will allow for more informed decisions tailoring to a particular patient situation or to unexpected complications.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Lesões subepiteliais ou abaulamentos da mucosa são recobertas por mucosa normal e geralmente assintomáticas. Sua maioria é diagnosticada em exames radiológicos ou de endoscopia digestiva e podem ...corresponder a qualquer camada da parede do órgão (intramural) ou serem extramurais. Este artigo descreve estudos para análise da ultrassonografia após ecoendoscopia (USE) como método diagnóstico de elevada acurácia diante do achado de lesão subepitelial. Trata-se de trabalho de revisão de literatura sobre as características ecoendoscópicas das lesões subepiteliais e diferenciação em intra ou extramurais, camada de origem, ecogenicidade, vascularização, margens e dimensões, punção aspirativa por agulha fina (PAAF) ou biópsias com agulha do tipo trucut. Ambas as formas são aceitáveis) para análise histológica. A ultrassonografia endoscópica tem melhores índices de acurácia no diagnóstico da camada da parede gastrointestinal comprometida por lesões ou massas, além de estudar a ecogenicidade da lesão. A ultrassonografia endoscópica é um método seguro e detalhado, considerado o melhor exame de imagem para diagnóstico definitivo e programação terapêutica das lesões subepiteliais.
Lesões subepiteliais ou abaulamentos da mucosa são recobertas por mucosa normal e geralmente assintomáticas. Sua maioria é diagnosticada em exames radiológicos ou de endoscopia digestiva e podem ...corresponder a qualquer camada da parede do órgão (intramural) ou serem extramurais. Este artigo descreve estudos para análise da ultrassonografia após ecoendoscopia (USE) como método diagnóstico de elevada acurácia diante do achado de lesão subepitelial. Trata-se de trabalho de revisão de literatura sobre as características ecoendoscópicas das lesões subepiteliais e diferenciação em intra ou extramurais, camada de origem, ecogenicidade, vascularização, margens e dimensões, punção aspirativa por agulha fina (PAAF) ou biópsias com agulha do tipo trucut. Ambas as formas são aceitáveis) para análise histológica. A ultrassonografia endoscópica tem melhores índices de acurácia no diagnóstico da camada da parede gastrointestinal comprometida por lesões ou massas, além de estudar a ecogenicidade da lesão. A ultrassonografia endoscópica é um método seguro e detalhado, considerado o melhor exame de imagem para diagnóstico definitivo e programação terapêutica das lesões subepiteliais.
Injury or bulging subepithelial mucosal lesions are covered with normal mucosa, usually asymptomatic. Most are diagnosed in radiology or endoscopy, which may correspond to any layer of the body wall (intramural) or non-belonging to the wall (extramural). This article describes studies for analysis of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) as a diagnostic method with high accuracy on the finding of subepithelial lesion. The authors review the literature on the endoscopic ultrasound features of subepithelial lesions and differentiation in intra-or extramural, source layer, echogenicity, vascularity, size and margins, fine needle aspiration (FNA) and needle biopsies of type "trucut" for histological analysis. The EUS has the best combination of accuracy in the diagnosis of gastrointestinal wall layer compromised by lesions or masses, besides studying the echogenicity of the lesion, which helps in differential diagnosis. EUS is safe and detailed, considered the best imaging for definitive diagnosis and therapeutic planning of subepithelial lesions.
MIM:To test the hypothesis that,in the Southeastern Brazilian population,the GSTT1,GSTM1 and CYP2E1 polymorphisms and putative risk factors are associated with an increased risk for gastric ...cancer.METHODS:We conducted a study on 100 cases of gastric cancer(GC),100 cases of chronic gastritis(CG),and 150 controls(C).Deletion of the GSTT1 and GSTM1 genes was assessed by multiplex PCR.CYP2E1/PsА genotyping was performed using a PCR-RFLP assay.RESULTS:No relationship between GSTT1/GSTM1 deletion and the c1/c2 genotype of CYP2E1 was observed among the three groups.However,a significant difference between CG and C was observde,due to a greater number of GSTT1/GSTM1 positive genotypes in the CG group.The GSTT1 null genotype occurred more frequently in Negroid subjicts,and the GSTM1 null genotype was observed mainly in individuals with chronic gastritis infected with H pylori.CONCLUSION:Our findings indecate that there is no obvious relationship between the GSTT1,GSTM1 and CYP2E1 polymorphisms and gastric cancer.
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