We consider the focusing inhomogeneous biharmonic nonlinear Schrödinger equation in
H
2
(
R
N
)
,
i
u
t
+
Δ
2
u
-
|
x
|
-
b
|
u
|
α
u
=
0
,
when
b
>
0
and
N
≥
5
. We first obtain a small data global ...result in
H
2
, which, in the five-dimensional case, improves a previous result from Pastor and the second author. In the sequel, we show the main result, scattering below the mass-energy threshold in the intercritical case, that is,
8
-
2
b
N
<
α
<
8
-
2
b
N
-
4
, without assuming radiality of the initial data. The proof combines the decay of the nonlinearity with Virial-Morawetz-type estimates to avoid the radial assumption, allowing for a much simpler proof than the Kenig-Merle roadmap.
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DOBA, EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, IZUM, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
We consider the inhomogeneous nonlinear Schrödinger equation with inverse-square potential in
R
N
i
u
t
-
L
a
u
+
λ
|
x
|
-
b
|
u
|
α
u
=
0
,
L
a
=
-
Δ
+
a
|
x
|
2
,
where
λ
=
±
1
,
α
,
b
>
0
and
a
>
...-
(
N
-
2
)
2
4
. We first establish sufficient conditions for global existence and blow-up in
H
a
1
(
R
N
)
for
λ
=
1
, using a Gagliardo–Nirenberg-type estimate. In the sequel, we study local and global well-posedness in
H
a
1
(
R
N
)
in the
H
1
-subcritical case, applying the standard Strichartz estimates combined with the fixed point argument. The key to do that is to establish good estimates on the nonlinearity. Making use of these estimates, we also show a scattering criterion and construct a wave operator in
H
a
1
(
R
N
)
, for the mass-supercritical and energy-subcritical case.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
Deep Learning has been successfully applied to image recognition, speech recognition, and natural language processing in recent years. Therefore, there has been an incentive to apply it in other ...fields as well. The field of agriculture is one of the most important fields in which the application of deep learning still needs to be explored, as it has a direct impact on human well-being. In particular, there is a need to explore how deep learning models can be used as a tool for optimal planting, land use, yield improvement, production/disease/pest control, and other activities. The vast amount of data received from sensors in smart farms makes it possible to use deep learning as a model for decision-making in this field. In agriculture, no two environments are exactly alike, which makes testing, validating, and successfully implementing such technologies much more complex than in most other industries. This paper reviews some recent scientific developments in the field of deep learning that have been applied to agriculture, and highlights some challenges and potential solutions using deep learning algorithms in agriculture. The results in this paper indicate that by employing new methods from deep learning, higher performance in terms of accuracy and lower inference time can be achieved, and the models can be made useful in real-world applications. Finally, some opportunities for future research in this area are suggested.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
The introduction of metallic drug-eluting stents has reduced the risk of restenosis and widened the indications of percutaneous coronary intervention in treatment of coronary artery disease. However, ...this medical device can induce hypersensitive reaction that interferes with the endothelialization and healing process resulting in late persistent or acquired malapposition of the permanent metallic implant. Delayed endotheliaization and malapposition may lead to late and very late stent thrombosis. Bioresorbable scaffolds (BRS) have been introduced to potentially overcome these limitations, as they provide temporary scaffolding and then disappear, liberating the treated vessel from its cage. Magnesium is an essential mineral needed for a variety of physiological functions in the human body and its bioresorbable alloy has the strength-to-weight ratio comparable with that of strong aluminum alloys and alloy steels. The aim of this review is to present the new developments in Magnesium BRS technology, to describe its clinical application and to discuss the future prospects of this innovative therapy.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
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•Keggin-type polyoxometalate structural modification was performed to achieve high oxidative desulfurization of diesel.•The active lacunar phosphotungstate was immobilized on ...different amine-SBA-15 supports to produce robust solid catalysts.•The PW11@aptesSBA-15 heterogeneous catalyst showed the best desulfurization performance.•PW11@aptesSBA-15 catalyst allowed complete desulfurization of a simulated diesel after only 1 h using a solvent-free system.•Real diesel (2300 ppm S) was oxidative desulfurized with 83% of efficiency after 2 hous.
Strategic polyoxometalate Keggin-type structural modification was performed to increase the oxidative catalytic performance to desulfurize model and real diesels. The most active lacunar structure PW11O397− (PW11) showed to complete desulfurize a simulated diesel after 60 min at 70 °C. Its application as homogeneous catalyst using a biphasic system 1:1 diesel/acetonitrile needed to use an excess of oxidant (ratio H2O2/S = 8). The immobilization of the PW11 on amine-functionalized SBA-15 supports originated two heterogeneous catalysts PW11@aptesSBA-15 and PW11@tbaSBA-15. The best results were attained with the PW11@aptesSBA-15 catalyst showing identical oxidative desulfurization performance as the homogeneous analogue. As advantage, this heterogeneous catalyst promotes the complete desulfurization of simulated diesel using a solvent-free system, i.e. without the need of acetonitrile use. On the other hand, the same desulfurization efficiency could be achieved using half the amount of oxidant (H2O2/S = 4). The oxidative desulfurization of the real diesel achieved a remarkable 83.4% of efficiency after just 2 h. The recycling capacity of PW11@aptesSBA-15 catalyst was confirmed for eight consecutive cycles using the biphasic and the solvent-free systems. Its stability investigation demonstrates to be higher under the solvent-free system than the biphasic system, without practically any occurrence of PW11 leaching in the first case. On the other hand, the Venturello peroxocomplex PO4{W(O2)2} 43−, recognized as active intermediate in the homogeneous biphasic system, was not identified in the heterogeneous catalytic systems.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Estimating chloride deposition rates is important for several applications. The conservative nature of chloride makes it a widely used natural tracer for hydrological investigations, such as ...groundwater recharge estimations and catchment salt balances. Additionally, chloride deposition is used to identify the sources and pathways of air pollutants as well as predict the likelihood of corrosion in infrastructures. The variability of atmospheric chloride (Cl−) deposition is a crucial consideration in hydrological investigations, particularly in coastal areas where it can fluctuate greatly. On small islands, spatial variations of chloride deposition have been found to be particularly strong, which may lead to large estimation errors when assuming point measurements are representative of larger areas. This paper aims to improve knowledge of the factors affecting chloride deposition's spatial and temporal variability in small islands using Norfolk Island (South Pacific) as a case study. A monitoring network consisting of 15 open‐site rainwater collectors was installed, from which 275 rainwater samples were collected for the period September 2020–July 2022. Total deposition rates for this period varied from 22.7 to 36.7 mg m−2 d−1 for sites located more than 400 meters from the coast. A higher variation is observed closer to the coast, with values varying from 50.9 to 1022.7 mg m−2 d−1 for sites located between 50 and 200 m from the coast. Statistical analysis shows that distance from the nearest point on the coast and elevation above sea level are significant factors contributing to spatial variability of chloride deposition, whereas period‐total rainfall depth and period‐average maximum daily wind gust speed significantly affect the temporal variability. This study contributes to knowledge on chloride deposition variability as well as the understanding of factors contributing to this variability in small islands. Additionally, a double exponential model for spatial distribution of chloride deposition in small islands is proposed.
The variability of atmospheric chloride (Cl−) deposition is a crucial consideration in hydrological investigations, particularly in coastal areas where it can fluctuate greatly. Our analysis of a 35.7 km2 small island revealed that chloride deposition exhibited significant variation over both space and time. Multiple regression analysis identified four factors – distance from coast, elevation, rainfall, and wind gust – that explained approximately 60% of the variability in chloride deposition.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Preparation of chemically tunable magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) is of great interest in many technological fields. Although numerous methods have been developed to prepare MNPs coated with functional ...organic moieties, most of them are complex, multistep, and involve the preparation of a specific ligand to be inserted on the particle surface. Herein, we describe the preparation of MNPs covered with reactive polymer poly(4-nitrophenyl methacrylate). The composite was prepared by the dispersion polymerization of 4-nitrophenyl methacrylate in the presence of magnetite nanoparticles stabilized by oleic acid. The novel material can be easily modified with amines to give chemically stable amide bonds without installation of pH-dependent features in the link. The extent of particle modification is readily monitored by the release of 4-nitrophenol from the polymer using UV–vis spectrophotometry. Good agreement between the degree of functionalization assessed by colorimetry and elemental analysis was obtained, and functionalization up to 3 mmol g–1 is easily attained. To illustrate the applicability of the method for catalyst development, we prepared imidazole-covered MNPs that accelerate the hydrolysis of a model organophosphate, with rate constants approximately 105-fold higher than the spontaneous hydrolysis. The catalyst can be recovered by a magnet and recycled without appreciable loss of catalytic activity.
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IJS, KILJ, NUK, PNG, UL, UM
The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of two similar high-intensity intermittent exercises (HIIE) but different volume 1.25 km (HIIE1.25) and 2.5 km (HIIE2.5) on inflammatory and BDNF ...responses. Ten physically active male subjects (age 25.22 ± 1.74 years, body mass 78.98 ± 7.31 kg, height 1.78 ± 0.06 m, VO
59.94 ± 9.38 ml·kg·min
) performed an incremental treadmill exercise test and randomly completed two sessions of HIIE on a treadmill (1:1 min at vVO
with passive recovery). Blood samples were collected at rest, immediately and 60-min after the exercise sessions. Serum was analyzed for glucose, lactate, IL-6, IL-10, and BDNF levels. Blood lactate concentrations was higher immediately post-exercise compared to rest (HIIE1.25: 1.69 ± 0.26-7.78 ± 2.09 mmol·L
, and HIIE2.5: 1.89 ± 0.26-7.38 ± 2.57 mmol·L
,
< 0.0001). Glucose concentrations did not present changes under the different conditions, however, levels were higher 60-min post-exercise than at rest only in the HIIE1.25 condition (rest: 76.80 ± 11.14-97.84 ± 24.87 mg·dL
,
< 0.05). BDNF level increased immediately after exercise in both protocols (HIIE1.25: 9.71 ± 306-17.86 ± 8.59 ng.mL
, and HIIE2.5: 11.83 ± 5.82-22.84 ± 10.30 ng.mL
). Although both exercises increased IL-6, level percent between rest and immediately after exercise was higher in the HIIE2.5 than HIIE1.25 (30 and 10%;
= 0.014, respectively). Moreover, IL-10 levels percent increase between immediately and 60-min post-exercise was higher in HIIE2.5 than HIIE1.25 (37 and 10%;
= 0.012, respectively). In conclusion, both HIIE protocols with the same intensity were effective to increase BDNF and IL-6 levels immediately after exercise while only IL-10 response was related to the durantion of exercise indicanting the importance of this exercise prescription variable.
Objectives
This article aimed to compare the outcomes after hybrid revascularization with conventional coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery.
Background
The concept of hybrid coronary ...revascularization combines the advantages of CABG and percutaneous coronary intervention to improve the treatment of patients with complex multivessel disease.
Methods
The Myocardial hybrid revascularization versus coronary artERy bypass GraftING for complex triple‐vessel disease—MERGING study is a pilot randomized trial that allocated 60 patients with complex triple‐vessel disease to treatment with hybrid revascularization or conventional CABG (2:1 ratio). The primary outcome was the composite of all‐cause death, myocardial infarction, stroke, or unplanned repeat revascularization at 2 years.
Results
Clinical and anatomical characteristics were similar between groups. After a mean follow‐up of 802 ± 500 days, the primary endpoint rate was 19.3% in the hybrid arm and 5.9% in the CABG arm (p = NS). The incidence of unplanned revascularization increased over time in both groups, reaching 14.5 versus 5.9% in the hybrid and in the CABG groups, respectively (p = .4). Of note, in the hybrid group, there were no reinterventions driven by the occurrence of stent restenosis.
Conclusions
Hybrid myocardial was feasible but associated with increasing rates of major adverse cardiovascular events during 2 years of clinical follow‐up, while the control group treated with conventional surgery presented with low rates of complications during the same period. In conclusion, before more definitive data arise, hybrid revascularization should be applied with careful attention in practice, following a selective case‐by‐case indication.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
As agriculture has an increasing impact on the environment, new techniques can help meet future food needs while maintaining or reducing the environmental footprint. Those techniques must incorporate ...a range of sensing, communication, and data analysis technologies to make informed management decisions, such as those related to the use of water, fertilizer, pesticides, seeds, fuel, labor, etc., to help increase crop production and reduce water and nutrient losses, as well as negative environmental impacts. In this study, a Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (BiLSTM) model was trained on real data from Internet of Things sensors in a vineyard located in the Douro wine-growing region, from 2018–2021, to evaluate the ability of this model to predict the Fraction of Transpirable Soil Water (FTSW). The model uses historical data, including reference evapotranspiration, relative humidity, vapor pressure deficit, and rainfall, and outputs the FTSW for periods of one, three, five, and seven days. The model achieved an RMSE between 8.3% and 16.6% and an R2-score between 0.75 and 0.93. The model was validated on an independent dataset collected in 2002–2004 from a different vineyard located in the Lisbon wine-growing region, Portugal, and achieved an R2-score of 87% and an RMSE of 10.36%. Finally, the performance of the FTSW in the vineyard prediction model was compared with that of the Random Forest model, support vector regression, and linear regression. The results showed that BiLSTM performed better than the RF model on the unseen data, and the BiLSTM model can be considered a suitable model for the accurate prediction of the FTSW.
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