Since the expansion of Japanese comic books throughout western countries, the so-called “manga style” has get attention from audiences and theorists. But how can we identify such Japaneseness? Trying ...to fulfill readers` interests, books have been published under the how-to-draw-manga label, usually highlighting the visual composition of characters, from clothes to facial expressions to hairstyle. From the academic perspective, particularities of page layout have been also considered since Pierre Fresnault-Deruelle`s idea of tabularity. Such structuralist perspective is also echoed by contemporary scholars such as Benoît Peeters and Thierry Groensteen. Investigations on what is called the “grammar of mangas” were also proposed by Neil Cohn or Scott McCloud (or at least based on his contributions). But what are they referring to by “manga”? Artists from all around the world translate mangas into transnational experiences. This study proposes a wider understanding of the manga narrative style and its particular aesthetic influence on readers. The study focuses on the Asian philosophies of Tao and Buddhism, identifying how their ideals are articulated to promote reader’s immersion in the narrative. The article investigates the visual representations of the Taoist idea of vacuum and the Zen idea of trivia, which characterize the visual and narrative fluidity of manga – especially those whose stories are based on everyday life.
Resumo Desde as proposições de Phillips Davison (1983) e com quase três décadas de estudos do Efeito de Terceira Pessoa, é dada atenção à diferença de percepção dos efeitos dos media sobre sujeitos. ...O modelo é retomado para análise do consumo de histórias em quadrinhos e animações japonesas e a percepção de sua influência sobre a capacidade de interação social. Partindo de uma perspectiva não-direcional, com o contraste entre o forte apelo das produções e suas críticas, o estudo articula as influências percebidas por jovens sobre si, sobre amigos e sobre terceiros.Palavras-chave Cultura pop japonesa; Socialização; Efeito de Terceira Pessoa; Efeitos dos media; JuventudeAbstract Since Phillips Davison’s propositions (1983) and almost three decades of Third-Person Effect studies, attention is given to the difference in perceptions of media effects on individuals. This model is taken to analyse Japanese comics and animations consumption and perceptions of influence on social interaction ability. From a non-directional perspective with the contrast between the strong appeal of productions and their cristicisms, this study articulates young peoples’ perceived influences on themselves, on friends, and on others. Keywords Japanese pop culture; Socialization; Third-Person Effect; Media Effects; Youth
Se o tema das viagens e das expedições em histórias em quadrinhos convocam quase que instaneamente o repertório próprio ao tema da aventura com seus heróis impetuosos, este artigo propõe o caminho ...inverso, focando no cotidiano. Especialmente a partir dos aportes teóricos de Certeau e Agamben, a figura do flâneur e sua retórica da caminhada são tomados como estratégias narrativas na construção e exploração do espaço urbano. Assim, chama atenção para uma abordagem particular que explora o extraordinário no ordinário, tomando a cidade como espaço de pequenas descobertas.
Desde as proposições de Phillips Davison (1983) e com quase três décadas de estudos do Efeito de Terceira Pessoa, é dada atenção à diferença de percepção dos efeitos dos media sobre sujeitos. O ...modelo é retomado para análise do consumo de histórias em quadrinhos e animações japonesas e a percepção de sua influência sobre a capacidade de interação social. Partindo de uma perspectiva não-direcional, com o contraste entre o forte apelo das produções e suas críticas, o estudo articula as influências percebidas por jovens sobre si, sobre amigos e sobre terceiros.
O presente artigo analisa, a partir de percepções desenvolvidas pela Análise do Discurso, o álbum Shenzhen, do canadense Guy Delisle. O livro é estruturado como um relato de viagens do quadrinista e ...animador à China, com impressões e opiniões sobre a cidade e sua cultura. Para análise da enunciação discursiva, são tomados os conceitos de produção do efeito de real (Barthes), estudo da cenografia (Maingueneau) e análise do contrato de leitura (Verón). Este trabalho estuda a formação de estereótipos, como o do exotismo e o da indústria de produção massiva de pouca qualidade, além da construção das instâncias discursivas apresentadas.
This article analysis, from the perceptions developed by the Discourse Analysis, the comic book Shenzhen, written by Guy Delisle. The book is structured as a travel report of the comic writer and ...animator to China, with impressions and opinions about the city and its culture. To analyse the discourse enunciation, there are taken the concepts of effect of reality production (Barthes), scenography study (Maingueneau) and analysis of the reading contract (Verón). This work studies the stereotypes' shaping, as the exoticism and the low quality massive production industry, and the construction of the discursive instances shown. PUBLICATION ABSTRACT
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Esta pesquisa investiga a construção do cotidiano e do personagem ordinário na nouvelle manga, recente movimento de histórias em quadrinhos. Articulados os programas estéticos da nouvelle manga e da nouvelle vague, permite-se entrever um programa que será tomado como base para a discussão das propriedades de alguns álbuns do movimento – o que ainda faz eco à noção combativa/propositiva que compôs a modernidade artística. Com o estudo de obras de Frédéric Boilet, Jirô Taniguchi e Little Fish, são observados os problemas da organização textual e da leitura no universo das narrativas gráficas, com interesse na construção e na sugestão das noções de cotidiano e de personagem ordinário. No primeiro momento, o intento é o de dar atenção a uma discussão ainda pouco explorada e sistematizada na delimitação do movimento transcultural, que dialoga propriedades do mangá e da bande dessinée. A seguir, partindo do subjetivismo com foco no cotidiano, o trabalho se detém no questionamento acerca da consolidação desse dia a dia perpassado por trivialidades. Na terceira parte, são discutidos os problemas concernentes à teoria da história em quadrinhos e da recepção de ordem textual. Por fim, em uma articulação de noções advindas de estudos estéticos, semióticos e narratológicos, seguem as análises, observando a relação entre obra e leitura, não só no modo como o dia a dia se apresenta, mas como traços que o particularizam são também impressos na fruição que as marcas textuais indicam.
•Couple negative interaction moderated mothers’ and fathers’ depression symptoms from 3- to 30-months postpartum.•Mothers and fathers with high negative interaction scores experienced a steeper ...increase in depression symptoms from 3- to 30-months postpartum, than those with low negative interaction scores.•Fathers with low positive interaction scores experienced an increase in anxiety symptoms from 3- to 30-months postpartum, whereas those with high positive interaction did not experience changes in anxiety symptoms.
The association between the couple relationship and the mothers’ and fathers’ psychological adjustment to the transition to parenthood has been examined in the literature. However, the direction of effects between these variables has not been extensively explored. This study aimed to assess the direction of effects between mothers’ and fathers’ positive and negative interactions and anxiety and depression symptoms trajectories over the transition to parenthood.
A sample of 129 couples (N = 258) completed self-report measures of positive and negative interactions, anxiety and depression symptoms at each trimester of pregnancy, at childbirth, and at 3- and 30-months postpartum. Dyadic growth curve models were performed using multilevel modeling.
Whereas anxiety and depression showed no moderation effect on positive and negative interactions over time, negative interaction moderated depression from 3- to 30-months postpartum. Mothers and fathers with high negative interaction scores experienced a steeper increase in depression from 3- to 30-months postpartum. Additionally, gender moderated the effect of positive interaction on anxiety from 3- to 30-months postpartum. Fathers with low positive interaction scores experienced an increase in anxiety, whereas fathers with high positive interaction scores and mothers with high or low positive interaction scores did not experience changes in anxiety from 3- to 30-months postpartum.
Despite the longitudinal aspect of the models, a possible causal relationship need to be taken with caution.
Our results suggest that mothers’ and fathers’ positive and negative interactions affect their anxiety and depression symptoms trajectories: negative interaction raises mothers’ and fathers’ depression symptoms and positive interaction prevents the increase of fathers’ anxiety symptoms over the postpartum period.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
Little is known about the development of fathers' parenting self-efficacy during the transition to parenthood.
To analyse (1) fathers' parenting self-efficacy developmental path and (2) the effects ...of anxious and depressive symptoms and coparenting support on fathers' parenting self-efficacy developmental path, from the first trimester of pregnancy to 6 months postpartum.
Eighty-six fathers recruited at the first trimester of pregnancy completed self-report measures of anxious and depressive symptoms, coparenting support and parenting self-efficacy at the first and third trimesters of pregnancy, and at 1 and 6 months postpartum. Growth curve models were performed.
An increase in fathers' parenting self-efficacy was found from the first trimester of pregnancy to 6 months postpartum. The main effects of anxious symptoms and interaction effects of anxious symptoms and time were found on fathers' parenting self-efficacy. Fathers with higher anxious symptoms revealed lower levels of parenting self-efficacy at the first trimester of pregnancy and a lower increase of parenting self-efficacy from this time to 6 months postpartum. The main effects of coparenting support were found in fathers' parenting self-efficacy. At the first trimester of pregnancy, fathers who perceived more coparenting support revealed higher levels of parenting self-efficacy.
The present study may contribute to the literature by describing fathers' parenting self-efficacy developmental path and the effects of anxious symptoms and coparenting support on fathers' parenting self-efficacy developmental path during the transition to parenthood.
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BFBNIB, DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VSZLJ
Background The aims of the study were to: (i) compare accumulated load and wellness between starters and non-starters of a European professional soccer team; (ii) analyze the relationships between ...wellness and load measures and; (iii) compare training/match ratio (TMr) of external and internal load between starters and non-starters. Methods Ten players were considered starters while seven were classified as non-starters over a 16-week period in which six training sessions and match day (MD) were considered in each weekly micro-cycle. The following measures were used: wellness (fatigue, quality of sleep, muscle soreness, stress, and mood); load (rated of perceived exertion (RPE), session-RPE (s-RPE), high-speed running (HSR), sprinting, accelerations (ACC) and decelerations (DEC)). Accumulated wellness/load were calculated by summing all training and match sessions, while TMr was calculated by dividing accumulated training load by match data for all load measures and each player. Mann-Whitney U test was used for wellness variables, while independent T-test was used for the remaining variables to compare groups. Moreover, relationships among variables were explored using the Spearman's Rho correlation coefficient. Results The main results showed that non-starters presented higher significant values for fatigue (p < 0.019; g = 0.24) and lower significant values for duration (p < 0.006; ES = 1.81) and s-RPE (p < 0.001; ES = 2.69) when compared to starters. Moreover, positive and very large correlation was found between quality of sleep and RPE, while negative and very large correlation were found between stress and deceleration, and mood and deceleration (all, p < 0.05). Finally, non-starters presented higher values in all TMr than starters, namely, RPE (p = 0.001; g = 1.96), s-RPE (p = 0.002; g = 1.77), HSR (p = 0.001; g = 2.02), sprinting (p = 0.002; g = 4.23), accelerations (p = 0.001; g = 2.72), decelerations (p < 0.001; g = 3.44), and duration (p = 0.003; g = 2.27). Conclusions In conclusion, this study showed that non-starters produced higher TMr in all examined variables despite the lower match and training durations when compared with starters, suggesting that physical load was adjusted appropriately. Additionally, higher RPE was associated with improved sleep while higher number of decelerations were associated with decreased wellness, namely, stress and mood for non-starters. Keywords: Fatigue, Football, Mood, Muscle soreness, Load, Sleep, Stress, Wellbeing, Training load, Load quantification, External load, Internal load, Sports training
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