Information leaflets for patients Carrick, Janet
Psychiatric bulletin of the Royal College of Psychiatrists,
12/1988, Volume:
12, Issue:
12
Journal Article
A support group for women psychiatrists Bernal, Jane; Seltzer, Abigail; Harvey, Carol ...
Psychiatric bulletin of the Royal College of Psychiatrists,
09/1990, Volume:
14, Issue:
9
Journal Article
Open access
We were members of a support group for women psychiatrists which we found rewarding and which stimulated us to question many assumptions. We describe our experiences in the hope that trainees and ...consultants alike will consider the potential of similar groups in their own working lives.
Treatment of patients who lack capacity Livingston, Gill; Hollins, Sheila; Katona, Cornelius ...
Psychiatric bulletin of the Royal College of Psychiatrists,
07/1998, Volume:
22, Issue:
7
Journal Article
Discusses the case concerning an autistic man without the capacity to consent to admission who was admitted informally to a learning disability hospital. The Court of Appeal held that he was ...unlawfully detained, and that patients who lack capacity to consent to hospital admission cannot receive treatment for mental disorder as informal patients. Discusses implications of the case. (Quotes from original text)
An open letter to the President Appleby, Louis; Lewis, Glyn; Cawley, R. H. ...
Psychiatric bulletin of the Royal College of Psychiatrists,
12/1988, Volume:
12, Issue:
12
Journal Article
Summary Background Lithium carbonate and valproate semisodium are both recommended as monotherapy for prevention of relapse in bipolar disorder, but are not individually fully effective in many ...patients. If combination therapy with both agents is better than monotherapy, many relapses and consequent disability could be avoided. We aimed to establish whether lithium plus valproate was better than monotherapy with either drug alone for relapse prevention in bipolar I disorder. Methods 330 patients aged 16 years and older with bipolar I disorder from 41 sites in the UK, France, USA, and Italy were randomly allocated to open-label lithium monotherapy (plasma concentration 0·4–1·0 mmol/L, n=110), valproate monotherapy (750–1250 mg, n=110), or both agents in combination (n=110), after an active run-in of 4–8 weeks on the combination. Randomisation was by computer program, and investigators and participants were informed of treatment allocation. All outcome events were considered by the trial management team, who were masked to treatment assignment. Participants were followed up for up to 24 months. The primary outcome was initiation of new intervention for an emergent mood episode, which was compared between groups by Cox regression. Analysis was by intention to treat. This study is registered, number ISRCTN 55261332. Findings 59 (54%) of 110 people in the combination therapy group, 65 (59%) of 110 in the lithium group, and 76 (69%) of 110 in the valproate group had a primary outcome event during follow-up. Hazard ratios for the primary outcome were 0·59 (95% CI 0·42–0·83, p=0·0023) for combination therapy versus valproate, 0·82 (0·58–1·17, p=0·27) for combination therapy versus lithium, and 0·71 (0·51–1·00, p=0·0472) for lithium versus valproate. 16 participants had serious adverse events after randomisation: seven receiving valproate monotherapy (three deaths); five lithium monotherapy (two deaths); and four combination therapy (one death). Interpretation For people with bipolar I disorder, for whom long-term therapy is clinically indicated, both combination therapy with lithium plus valproate and lithium monotherapy are more likely to prevent relapse than is valproate monotherapy. This benefit seems to be irrespective of baseline severity of illness and is maintained for up to 2 years. BALANCE could neither reliably confirm nor refute a benefit of combination therapy compared with lithium monotherapy. Funding Stanley Medical Research Institute; Sanofi-Aventis.
Full text
Available for:
GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
The discovery of abundant perchlorate (ClO4 –) in Mars regolith has prompted experimental studies of the photo-oxidative production of ClO4 – and other oxychlorines from chloride (Cl–) in processes ...involving illuminated semiconducting minerals. These experiments provide limited volumes of solution containing various concentrations of Cl– and ClO4 – but usually with Cl– in substantial excess of ClO4 –. A simple, one-dimensional isocratic ion chromatography (IC) method for ClO4 – quantification was developed to mitigate the challenges of limited sample volume and complex sample pretreatment strategies encountered in other more expensive approaches. For the analysis, the ClO4 – ions in a 0.5 mL sample containing up to (35 ± 2) mg/L Cl– were concentrated inline on styrene/divinyl benzene resins of an ultratrace anion concentrator column, followed by suppressed conductivity detection. The result is a sensitive method for the determination of trace ClO4 – concentrations in solutions containing up to 70,000 times more Cl– than ClO4 –. The limit of quantitation established for this method was 0.5 μg/L ClO4 –, with an average recovery of 104%.
Full text
Available for:
IJS, KILJ, NUK, PNG, UL, UM
The discovery of abundant perchlorate (ClO4 –) on Mars has prompted renewed interest in the production, accumulation, and transport of ClO4 – and other oxychlorine species in natural systems. Here, ...we focus on the role of semiconducting minerals in the photochemical generation and destruction of ClO4 – and chlorate (ClO3 –). Illumination of single-crystal or nanocrystalline films of titanium dioxide polymorphs, rutile and anatase, in chloride (Cl–) solutions can both generate and destroy ClO4 – depending upon starting ClO4 – and Cl– concentrations. For single-crystal anatase, we observe an apparent photostationary state, in which ClO4 – production and destruction reach a near-steady state. We observe more ClO3 – production and less ClO4 – at higher Cl– concentrations. An inventory of measured dissolved chlorine (Cl) species indicates that some Cl was lost to a volatile form or dissolved form not measured. Our experiments were performed in an aqueous medium under Earth atmosphere and temperature conditions; further experiments under Mars-like conditions are in progress. Photochemical processes as described here, in which activation energy is provided by photons, are particularly important under cold conditions with limited thermal activation.
Full text
Available for:
IJS, KILJ, NUK, PNG, UL, UM
The separation of americium(III) from europium(III) was achieved utilizing a
bis
-2,6-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-5,9,9-trimethyl-5,8-methano-1,2,4-benzotriazin-3-yl) pyridine (CA-BTP) chromatographic resin. ...The extraction chromatographic materials were prepared using various concentrations of CA-BTP. This new, hydrolytically stable extractant was impregnated on an inert polymeric support at 40% loading. The uptake of Am(III) and Eu(III) by this material from 0.1 to 4.0 M aqueous HNO
3
solutions was measured. The resulting dry weight distribution ratios,
D
w
, indicated a strong preference for Am(III) with little affinity for Eu(III). These results are similar to recently reported solvent extraction studies indicating a maximum uptake of Am(III) in the 0.5–1.0 M HNO
3
range. The resin preparation, performance, and characterization of the Am/Eu separation are reported herein.
Among the different components present in spent nuclear fuel, long-lived trivalent actinides are particularly difficult to separate from the shorter-lived lanthanide fission products due to their ...similar chemical properties. Selective extraction of americium from acidic solution (up to 2M HNO
3
) containing tenth molar quantities of lanthanides has been achieved using neutral pyridine-based ligands dissolved in polar diluents. Nitrogen-based Bis Triazinyl Pyridine (BTP) ligands are desirable for both their excellent An/Ln selectivity and incinerability. Results pertaining to ligand solubility, kinetics, hydrolytic stability, and extraction performance in various nitric acid environments are presented.
Full text
Available for:
BFBNIB, GIS, IJS, KISLJ, NUK, PNG, UL, UM, UPUK
Reproductive steroid (oestradiol and testosterone) levels were measured in the faeces of ten wild dugongs (Dugong dugon) from Moreton Bay Australia, using radioimmunoassay (RIA). All faecal samples, ...including from both genders and from both immature and mature dugongs contained detectable levels of oestradiol and testosterone. Faecal testosterone levels were high relative to oestradiol concentrations in all samples, regardless of gender. The highest levels of testosterone occurred in adults (body lengths â¥250 cm), in both males (1146.7 ng g-1 dry weight faeces) and females (691.1 ng g-1 dry weight faeces). The highest oestradiol levels were recorded in adult females (37.2 ng g-1 dry weight faeces). In mature dugongs, the ratio of testosterone to oestradiol was higher in adult males than in females, suggesting that this ratio may be a better indicator of sex than levels of individual steroids. This study represents the first step in an investigation into assessing the reproductive status of free-ranging dugongs.
PDF
