Summary
Background
Psoriasis is an emerging paradoxical side effect in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) when treated with anti‐TNF alpha. Patients with severe skin lesions unresponsive ...to topical therapy need to withdraw from treatment.
Aim
To estimate the incidence of paradoxical psoriasis in a large cohort of IBD patients treated with anti‐TNF alpha and to analyse its clinical correlates.
Methods
A retrospective cohort study on all IBD patients who started anti‐TNF alpha at our IBD Centre from January 2008 to December 2013 was performed. Proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate the association between each predictor and time to the development of psoriasis. Time‐dependent predictors were updated at each available time point.
Results
Four hundred and two patients were included. Participants contributed a total of 839 person‐years of follow‐up, during which 42 incident cases of psoriasis were recorded, with an incidence rate of five per 100 person‐years. Cox‐regression survival analysis revealed smoking as independent predictor of psoriasis (HR: 2.37, 95% CI: 1.36–4.48; P = 0.008). Conversely, concomitant immunosuppressive therapy was inversely related to psoriasis (HR: 0.33, 95% CI: 0.12–0.92; P = 0.03).
Conclusions
Paradoxical psoriasis is a relevant side effect of anti‐TNF alpha therapy, with an incidence rate of five per 100 person‐years. Smoking is confirmed as the main risk factor for developing lesions. The combination therapy with anti‐TNF alpha plus immunosuppressants is associated with a reduced risk of paradoxical psoriasis.
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BFBNIB, DOBA, FZAB, GIS, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Air pollution causes skin damage and favors skin aging processes such as dark spots and wrinkles, through oxidative stress. Pollutant substances accelerate skin aging through a specific activation of ...intracellular receptors called AhR (aryl-hydrocarbon receptors).
aqueous extract (DAE) has shown to counteract the pollutant-induced AhR activation. Ferulic acid (FA) and vitamin C (VC) are potent antioxidant substances. A serum containing DAE/FA/VC has been recently developed. So far, no clinical data are available regarding the protective actions of this serum against the detrimental effects of air pollution on the skin.
We conducted a prospective, single-blind, 28-day study to assess efficacy and protective effects against air pollution skin damage of a new serum containing
extract.
Twenty, photo type I-III, women (mean age 42 years) with at least three dark spots on the face, living in a homogenous urbanized, high pollution area (Rome) were evaluated. The objectives of the study were to evaluate the effects of treatment on skin barrier function, assessed by transepidermal water loss (TEWL) measurement (Tewameter), the effect on dark spots, evaluated by means of colorimetry (Colorimeter CL 400), and the effect on squalene peroxide (SQOOH)/squalene (SQ) skin ratio assessed with face swabs.
The trial was conducted between November 20 and December 19, 2018. In comparison with baseline, the product induced a significant improvement of skin hydration (-19% of TEWL), a significant improvement of dark spots (+7%) and a significant improvement of SQOOH/SQ ratio (-16%). The product was evaluated very well by >90% of the treated subjects regarding cosmetic acceptability.
A serum containing DAE/FA/VC has shown to improve skin barrier function, to reduce dark spots and to counteract the skin oxidative stress in women living in high pollution urban area.
Anti tumor necrosis factor antibodies are used to treat both psoriasis and inflammatory bowel disease. Several paradoxical cases of psoriatic skin lesions induced by tumor necrosis factor antagonist ...therapy have been described in IBD patients in the recent years. Ustekinumab, a fully human anti-interleukin-12/-23 monoclonal antibody, is the first drug of a new class of biologic therapy approved for the treatment of moderate to severe plaque psoriasis. Data on the efficacy of ustekinumab in patients with moderate-to-severe Crohn's disease, especially in patients previously treated with infliximab, have been recently published. We report about the effectiveness of ustekinumab in the treatment of both severe scalp psoriasis lesions with alopecia and active Crohn's disease.
Purpose: Urea as an ingredient in topical skin applications can aid skin integrity and hydration and have keratolytic, anti-fungal, anti-bacterial, and anti-pruritic effects. Skin conditions that ...urea-containing formulations have been utilized to treat include hand eczema/ dermatitis, seborrheic dermatitis and psoriasiform dermatoses of the scalp. Two monocentric, simple blind, observational studies were carried out in healthy participants to examine the efficacy and safety of two urea-containing products in these skin conditions. Patients and Methods: Study 1 tested the actions of a commercially available 30% urea topical cream on hand eczema. The product was applied greater than or equal to2/day for 28 + or -2 days. Transepidermal water loss, skin redness, skin hydration, and participant ratings of efficacy and qualities were assessed prior to first product application and on days 14 and 29. Study 2 tested the actions of a commercially available foaming product containing 10% urea on seborrheic dermatitis and scalp psoriasiform dermatoses. The product was applied greater than or equal to2/day for 28 + or -2 days. Desquamation index and surface occupied by squames, analysis of extracted squames, microscopic assessment of scalp photos and participant ratings of product efficacy and qualities was carried out prior to first product application and on days 14 and 29. Results: In Study 1 (n = 20 females), results showed a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in transepidermal water loss, with an increase in hydration level of the upper skin layers, and a decrease in skin redness. In Study 2 (n = 13 females, 7 males), product use led to significant (p < 0.05) decreases in desquamation measures and dryness. In both studies, the majority of participants "agreed" or "slightly agreed" that the product had good efficacy and was easy to apply. No adverse reactions were reported. Conclusion: These findings point to the utility of urea in topically applied vehicles for hand eczema, seborrheic dermatitis, and psoriasiform dermatoses. Keywords: natural moisturizing factor, anti-pruritic, transepidermal water loss, keratinocytes, topical formulations
Although an antioxidant mechanism has been involved in the beneficial effects of ferulic acid in human diseases, there are few reports on the antioxidant properties of this compound in isolated ...membranes and intact cells. Here, we evaluated the ability of ferulic acid in inhibiting lipid peroxidation in rat liver microsomal membranes and reactive oxygen species production in NIH-3T3 fibroblasts, induced by both tert-BOOH and AAPH. We also compared its antioxidant efficiency with that of other antioxidants, such as α-tocopherol, β-carotene, and ascorbic acid, added alone or in combination. Ferulic acid acted as a potent antioxidant in our models, being more effective in protecting from tert-BOOH than from AAPH. Moreover, the compound was the most effective among the antioxidants tested. Synergistic interactions were observed when the compound was used in combination with the other antioxidants, suggesting that they can cooperate in preserving physiological integrity of cells exposed to free radicals. Keywords: Ferulic acid; antioxidant; α-tocopherol; β-carotene; ascorbic acid; membranes; cells
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IJS, KILJ, NUK, PNG, UL, UM, UPUK
The SCCS considers 2-phenoxyethanol safe for use as a preservative with a maximum concentration of 1.0%, taking into account the information provided.
The toxicokinetics default factor of 4.0 can be ...reduced to 1.0 yielding a minimum Margin of Safety (MoS) of 25 instead of 100 for the safety assessment of 2-phenoxyethanol.
Therefore, the MoS of about 50 for children also covers this specific age group who might be higher exposed to 2-phenoxyethanol than adults.
This Opinion does not take into account exposure from sources other than cosmetics.
•The SCCS considers 2-phenoxyethanol safe for use as a preservative with a maximum concentration of 1.0%.•The Margin of Safety (MoS) of about 50 for children also covers this specific age group.•This Opinion does not take into account exposure from sources other than cosmetics.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
•The use of Cyclopentasiloxane (D5) in cosmetic products is safe at the reported concentrations.•However Cyclopentasiloxane is not safe in hair styling aerosols and sun care spray products at the ...reported concentrations.•This opinion did not address the potential impact of D5 on the environment.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
8.
Physiological changes in ageing skin Cerimele, D; Celleno, L; Serri, F
British journal of dermatology (1951),
April 1990, Volume:
122 Suppl 35
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
The principal functions of the skin include protection, excretion, secretion, absorption, thermoregulation, pigmentogenesis, accumulation, sensory perception and regulation of immunological ...processes. These functions are all affected by the structural changes in the skin with ageing and, after middle age, most functions are reduced, some by as much as 50-60%. The physiological changes associated with these reductions include impairment of the barrier function, decreased turnover of epidermal cells, reduced numbers of keratinocytes and fibroblasts, and a reduced vascular network particularly around hair bulbs and glands. These changes result in fibrosis and atrophy, and decreases in hair and nail growth, vitamin D synthesis and the density of Langerhans cells. Production of epidermal thymocyte-activating factor, which enhances the T-cell response, is reduced leading to a decrease in the immune response; there is also a decreased functioning of Meissner's and Pacinian corpuscles. An increased generation of free radicals is observed. Certain environmental factors, particularly exposure to sun, accelerate the ageing of skin and are important in cutaneous carcinogenesis.
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FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Safety assessment is based on the release of silver ion from the packaging material. SCCS considers the release of silver ions from “EcoG+” as a component in packaging material safe for use as ...preservative with a concentration of maximum 2.0% in the cosmetic packaging material.
•The safety assessment is based on the release of silver ion from the packaging material used as preservative.•SCCS considers the release of silver ions safe with a concentration of maximum 2.0% in the cosmetic packaging material.•SCCS has no further recommendation or restriction regarding the use of EcoG+ as preservative in cosmetic packaging.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
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