The three 2-aminobenzene-1,3-dicarbonitriles derivatives (ABDNs) namely 5′-amino-2,4-dihydroxy-4″-methyl-1,1′:3′,1″-terphenyl-4′,6-dicarbonitrile (ABDN-1), ...5′-amino-2,2″,4-trihydroxy-1,1′:3′,1″-terphenyl-4′,6′-dicarbonitrile (ABDN-2) and 5′-amino-2,3″,4-trihydroxy-1,3-methoxy,1′:3′,1″-terphenyl-4′,6′-dicarbonitrile (ABDN-3) were synthesized and their corrosion inhibition properties on mild steel in 1 M HCl were investigated using weight loss and electrochemical techniques. Among the compounds investigated, ABDN-3 exhibited the best inhibition efficiency of 97.83% at 100 mg/L. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) examinations was performed on inhibited and uninhibited mild steel samples to show the presence of ABDNs on mild steel surface. The potentiodynamic polarization studies reveal that all three studied inhibitors were of mixed type and their adsorption on the mild steel surface in 1 M HCl follows the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Quantum chemical calculations studied were also performed to support weight loss and electrochemical experimental observations.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
292.
Learning to Generate Synthetic Data via Compositing Tripathi, Shashank; Chandra, Siddhartha; Agrawal, Amit ...
2019 IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR),
2019-June
Conference Proceeding
Open access
We present a task-specific approach to synthetic data generation. Our framework employs a trainable synthesizer network that is optimized to produce meaningful training samples by assessing the ...strengths and weaknesses of a 'target' classifier. The synthesizer and target networks are trained in an adversarial manner wherein each network is updated with a goal to outdo the other. Additionally, we ensure the synthesizer generates realistic data by pairing it with a discriminator trained on real-world images. Further, to make the target classifier invariant to blending artefacts, we introduce these artefacts to background regions of the training images so the target does not over-fit to them. We demonstrate the efficacy of our approach by applying it to different target networks including a classification network on AffNIST 46, and two object detection networks (SSD, Faster-RCNN) on different datasets. On the AffNIST benchmark, our approach is able to surpass the baseline results with just half the training examples. On the VOC person detection benchmark, we show improvements of up to 2.7% as a result of our data augmentation. Similarly on the GMU detection benchmark, we report a performance boost of 3.5% in mAP over the baseline method, outperforming the previous state of the art approaches by as much as 7.5% in individual categories.
The information on the pedotransfer function of soil is vital for crop cultivation planning and management. The present study evaluated the pedotransfer function of ten locations (different villages) ...in the Kalyanpur block of Bihar state, India. The various soil parameters like soil texture, infiltration rate, soil penetration resistance, Bulk density, porosity, water holding capacity, available water content, field capacity, permanent wilting point, gravimetric moisture content and organic carbon were evaluated. The infiltration rate and soil penetration resistance were measured in the field and other parameters were evaluated in the laboratory with suitable techniques. The observed data of the above parameters were analyzed for given locations. A good coefficient of determination (R2 = 0.61) was discovered for the linear relationship between the infiltration rate as determined by the double ring infiltrometer and the soil penetration resistance (measured using a cone penetrometer down to a depth of 60 cm). Further, the nomographic representation of soil texture, final infiltration rate (mm h−1) and weighted mean of penetration resistance (kPa) was also developed. Furthermore, the regression analysis was done on five combinations (C-1, C-2, C-3, C-4 and C-5) of obtained parameters in which infiltration rate was taken as output and other parameters as input parameters to develop the pedotransfer model. Based on the obtained results, all combinations showed good correlation and C-3 with input parameters such as sand, silt, clay, porosity, GMC and AWC were found superior with good coefficient of determination values (R2 = 0.914). C-3 combination has the edge over C-4 combination (input: sand, silt, clay, porosity and organic carbon), having R2 values of 0.910. Therefore, the information obtained from the study will be helpful for policymakers in irrigation and other crop cultivation activities.
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•The soil samples at 15 cm, 30 cm, 45 cm and 60 cm depths to evaluate different soil parameters.•IR and soil PR were evaluated by infiltrometer and cone penetrometer, resp.•Established a significant relationship between infiltration rate and PR.•Nomograph developed between texture, IR and PR for all villages.•Relation b/w soil texture, η, GMC, AWC and OC with IR using regression analysis.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
In humans, ethanol exposure during pregnancy produces a wide range of abnormalities in infants collectively known as fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD). Neuronal malformations in FASD manifest ...as postnatal behavioral and functional disturbances. The cerebellum is particularly sensitive to ethanol during development. In a rodent model of FASD, high doses of ethanol (blood ethanol concentration 80 mM) induces neuronal cell death in the cerebellum. However, information on potential agent(s) that may protect the cerebellum against the toxic effects of ethanol is lacking. Growing evidence suggests that a polyphenolic compound, resveratrol, has antioxidant and neuroprotective properties. Here we studied whether resveratrol (3,5,4'-trihydroxy-trans-stilbene), a phytoalexin found in red grapes and blueberries, protects the cerebellar granule neurons against ethanol-induced cell death. In the present study, we showed that administration of resveratrol (100 mg/kg) to postnatal day 7 rat pups prevents ethanol-induced apoptosis by scavenging reactive oxygen species in the external granule layer of the cerebellum and increases the survival of cerebellar granule cells. It restores ethanol-induced changes in the level of transcription factor nuclear factor-erythroid derived 2-like 2 (nfe2l2, also known as Nrf2) in the nucleus. This in turn retains the expression and activity of its downstream gene targets such as NADPH quinine oxidoreductase 1 and superoxide dismutase in cerebellum of ethanol-exposed pups. These studies indicate that resveratrol exhibits neuroprotective effects in cerebellum by acting at redox regulating proteins in a rodent model of FASD.
The Hindon River is the main tributary of river Yamuna and it is a significant source of surface water, which flows through the major cities of western Uttar Pradesh, India. The indiscriminate ...development of industries and urbanization along river basin coupled with rapid population growths contribute various amounts of pollutant in the river. Therefore, the present study was conducted to assess the spatial–temporal variability of river water quality (seventeen physicochemical parameters and eight heavy metals) during pre- and post-monsoon seasons for 5 years data at 19 sampling sites along the river stretch. Indices associated with water quality and heavy metals were computed to scale the accurate state of risk associated to its use for drinking and irrigation. During the pre- and post-monsoon seasons, only four sites were found having safe water quality index (WQI) values. The mean heavy metal concentrations are found in order of Zn > Fe > Pb > Cu > Cr > Cd > Ni > Mn. Considering the spatial and temporal distribution, the study benchmarked the water quality of Hindon River for priority attention.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
Diabetes is a metabolic disorder that, during pregnancy, may affect fetal development. Fetal outcome depends on the type of diabetes present, the concentration of blood glucose and the extent of ...fetal exposure to elevated or frequently fluctuating glucose concentrations. The result of some diabetic pregnancies will be embryonic developmental abnormalities, a condition referred to as diabetic embryopathy. Tight glycemic control in type 1 diabetes during pregnancy using insulin therapy together with folic acid supplementation are partially able to prevent diabetic embryopathy; however, the protection is not complete and additional interventions are needed. Resveratrol, a polyphenol found largely in the skins of red grapes, is known to have antidiabetic action and is in clinical trials for the treatment of diabetes, insulin resistance, obesity and metabolic syndrome. Studies of resveratrol in a rodent model of diabetic embryopathy reveal that it significantly improves the embryonic outcome in terms of diminishing developmental abnormalities. Improvements in maternal and embryonic outcomes observed in rodent models may arise from resveratrol's antioxidative potential, antidiabetic action and antidyslipidemic nature. Whether resveratrol will have similar actions in human diabetic pregnancy is unknown. Here, we review the potential therapeutic use of resveratrol in diabetes and diabetic pregnancy.
The PM
10
concentration (μg/m
3
) in Lucknow city at 4 locations in three different seasons ranged between 148.6–210.8 (avg. 187.2 ± 17.1) during summer, 111.8–187.6 (avg. 155.7 ± 22.7) during ...monsoon and 199.3–308.8 (avg. 269.3 ± 42.9) during winter while PM
2.5
ranged between 32.4–67.2 (avg. 45.6 ± 10.9), 25.6–68.9 (avg. 39.8 ± 4.6) and 99.3–299.3 (avg. 212.4 ± 55.0) during respective seasons. The mass fraction ratio of PM
2.5
ranged between 0.22–0.92 (avg. 0.42 ± 0.26) and was significantly high during winter season indicating their composition.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
Scope: Diabetic embryopathy, a consequence of diabetic pregnancy, is associated with increase in embryonic oxidative stress and apoptosis, which lead to severe embryonic damage at early stage of ...organogenesis.
Methods and results: This study investigated if resveratrol, found in red grapes and blue‐berries, may prevent diabetes‐induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in embryos and have beneficial effects in diabetic dams. A rodent model of diabetic embryopathy was used. Diabetes was associated with lowered reduced glutathione levels (26.98%), increased total thiol (100.47%) and lipid peroxidation (124.73%) in embryos, and increased blood sugar (384.03%), cholesterol (98.39%) and triglyceride (1025.35%) in diabetic dams. Increased apoptosis (272.20%) was also observed in the embryos of diabetic dams. Administration of resveratrol (100 mg/kg body weight (b.w.)) during pregnancy prevented both oxidative stress and apoptosis in embryos. Resveratrol reduced embryonic maldevelopment by improving embryo weight (41.23%), crown rump length (16.50%) and somite number (11.22%). It further improved the glucose (33.32%) and lipid (cholesterol 41.74%, triglyceride 60.64%) profile of the diabetic dams, which also represents the protective role of resveratrol in diabetes.
Conclusion: Resveratrol was found to prevent embryonic oxidative stress and apoptosis. It also improved glucose and lipid profile of diabetic dams, indicating the beneficial effects in diabetic pregnancy.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
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