The Oxford Handbook of Meaningful Work examines the concept, practices, and effects of meaningful work in organizations and beyond. Taking an interdisciplinary approach, this volume reflects diverse ...scholarly contributions to understanding meaningful work from philosophy, political theory, psychology, sociology, organizational studies, and economics. In philosophy and political theory, treatments of meaningful work have been influenced by debates concerning the tensions between work as unavoidable and necessary, and work as a source of self-realization and human flourishing. This tension has come into renewed focus as work is reshaped by technology, globalization, and new forms of organization. In management studies, much empirical work has focused on meaningful work from the perspective of positive psychology, but more recent research has considered meaningful work as a complex phenomenon, socially constructed from interactive processes between individuals, and between individuals, organizations, and society. This Handbook examines meaningful work in the context of moral and pragmatic concerns such as dignity, alienation, freedom, organizational ethics, and corporate social responsibility. Representing some of the most up-to-date academic research, the collection illuminates the relationship of meaningful work to organizational constructs of identity, belonging, callings, self-transcendence, culture, and occupations. Researchers and practitioners will be inspired and equipped to identify new directions and methods with which to deepen scholarly inquiry into a topic of growing importance.
The design of a total energy conserving semi-implicit scheme for the multiple-level baroclinic primitive equation has remained an unsolved problem for a long time. In this work, however, we follow an ...energy perfect conserving semi-implicit scheme of a European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) type sigma-coordinate primitive equation which has recently successfully formulated. Some real-data contrast tests between the model of the new conserving scheme and that of the ECMWF-type of global spectral semi-implicit scheme show that the RMS error of the averaged forecast Height at 850 hPa can be clearly improved after the first integral week. The reduction also reaches 50 percent by the 30th day. Further contrast tests demonstrate that the RMS error of the monthly mean height in the middle and lower troposphere also be largely reduced, and some well-known systematical defects can be greatly improved. More detailed analysis reveals that part of the positive contributions comes from improvements of the extra-long wave components. This indicates that a remarkable improvement of the model climate drift level can be achieved by the actual realizing of a conserving time-difference scheme, which thereby eliminates a corresponding computational systematic error source/sink found in the currently-used traditional type of weather and climate system models in relation to the baroclinic primitive equations.PUBLICATION ABSTRACT
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OBVAL, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
Over 5,488,000 cases of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) have been reported since December 2019. We aim to explore risk factors associated with mortality in COVID-19 patients and assess the use of ...D-dimer as a biomarker for disease severity and clinical outcome.
We retrospectively analyzed the clinical, laboratory, and radiological characteristics of 248 consecutive cases of COVID-19 in Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China from January 28 to March 08, 2020. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression methods were used to explore risk factors associated with in-hospital mortality. Correlations of D-dimer upon admission with disease severity and in-hospital mortality were analyzed. Receiver operating characteristic curve was used to determine the optimal cutoff level for D-dimer that discriminated those survivors versus non-survivors during hospitalization.
Multivariable regression that showed D-dimer > 2.0 mg/L at admission was the only variable associated with increased odds of mortality OR 10.17 (95% CI 1.10-94.38),
= 0.041. D-dimer elevation (≥ 0.50 mg/L) was seen in 74.6% (185/248) of the patients. Pulmonary embolism and deep vein thrombosis were ruled out in patients with high probability of thrombosis. D-dimer levels significantly increased with increasing severity of COVID-19 as determined by clinical staging (Kendall's tau-b = 0.374,
= 0.000) and chest CT staging (Kendall's tau-b = 0.378,
= 0.000). In-hospital mortality rate was 6.9%. Median D-dimer level in non-survivors (
= 17) was significantly higher than in survivors (
= 231) 6.21 (3.79-16.01) mg/L versus 1.02 (0.47-2.66) mg/L,
= 0.000. D-dimer level of > 2.14 mg/L predicted in-hospital mortality with a sensitivity of 88.2% and specificity of 71.3% (AUC 0.85; 95% CI = 0.77-0.92).
D-dimer is commonly elevated in patients with COVID-19. D-dimer levels correlate with disease severity and are a reliable prognostic marker for in-hospital mortality in patients admitted for COVID-19.
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•A photoelectrochemical sensor was developed for the “signal-on” analysis of Hg2+.•Hollow CoSx@CdS polyhedrons were fabricated by ZIF-67-templated solvothermal route.•Direct Z-scheme ...CoSx@CdS photocatalysts were utilized as the recognition probes.•New Z-scheme heterojunction of CoSx@CdS/HgS was formed by the selective ion-exchange.•This PEC sensor can facilitate the detection of Hg2+ with concentrations down to 2.0 pM.
A visible-light-driven photoelectrochemical (PEC) sensor has been developed for probing Hg2+ with “turn-on” signal output using hollow CoSx@CdS polyhedron as direct Z-scheme photocatalyst and Hg2+-recognition probe. The CoSx@CdS heterojunction photocatalysts were fabricated by growing CdS nanoparticles on the surface of cobalt sulfide (CoSx) via one-pot solvothermal route using metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) of ZIF-67 polyhedrons as the sacrificial templates and cobalt precursors. It was discovered that the photocurrent responses of the CoSx@CdS-modified ITO electrodes could be specifically turned on by Hg2+, in contrast to these of the CoSx or CdS-modified ones showing no significant Hg2+-induced photocurrent. Under visible light irradiation, herein, the synergetic combination of CoSx and CdS components could improve the carriers transferring of PEC system. More importantly, the photocurrents of the PEC sensor could be greatly enhanced in the presence of Hg2+ through the selective ion-exchange reaction to trigger the in-situ formation of a new Z-scheme heterojunction of CoSx@CdS/HgS photocatalysts, achieving the further promoted charge transferring and suppressed recombination of photogenerated electron-hole pairs. The developed double heterojunctions-based PEC sensors can detect Hg2+ with the concentrations ranging from 0.010 to 1000 nM, which performances are much better than those of the current PEC analysis methods. Besides, such a MOF-templated one-pot construction route may pave the way toward the design of various direct Z-scheme heterojunction photocatalysts of PEC probes of great interest.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Because of the lack of sensitivity to radiotherapy and chemotherapy, therapeutic options for renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) are scarce. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play crucial roles in the ...progression of cancer. However, their functional roles and upstream mechanisms in KIRC remain largely unknown. Exploring the functions of potential essential lncRNAs may lead to the discovery of novel targets for the diagnosis and treatment of KIRC. Here, according to the integrated analysis of RNA sequencing and survival data in TCGA-KIRC datasets, cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2B antisense lncRNA (CDKN2B-AS1) was discovered to be the most upregulated among the 14 lncRNAs that were significantly overexpressed in KIRC and related to shorter survival. Functionally, CDKN2B-AS1 depletion suppressed cell proliferation, migration, and invasion both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, CDKN2B-AS1 exerted its oncogenic activity by recruiting the CREB-binding protein and SET and MYND domain-containing 3 epigenetic-modifying complex to the promoter region of Ndc80 kinetochore complex component (NUF2), where it epigenetically activated NUF2 transcription by augmenting local H3K27ac and H3K4me3 modifications. Moreover, we also showed that CDKN2B-AS1 interacted with and was stabilized by insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding protein 3 (IGF2BP3), an oncofetal protein showing increased levels in KIRC. The Kaplan-Meier method and receiver operating curve analysis revealed that patients whose IGF2BP3, CDKN2B-AS1 and NUF2 are all elevated showed the shortest survival time, and the combined panel (containing IGF2BP3, CDKN2B-AS1, and NUF2) possessed the highest accuracy in discriminating high-risk from low-risk KIRC patients. Thus, we conclude that the stabilization of CDKN2B-AS1 by IGF2BP3 drives the malignancy of KIRC through epigenetically activating NUF2 transcription and that the IGF2BP3/CDKN2B-AS1/NUF2 axis may be an ideal prognostic and diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target for KIRC.
Although certain success has been achieved in atherosclerosis treatment, tremendous challenges remain in developing more efficient strategies to treat atherosclerosis. Platelets have inherent ...affinity to plaques and naturally home to atherosclerotic sites. Rapamycin features potent anti-atherosclerosis effect, but its clinical utility is limited by its low concentration at the atherosclerotic site and severe systemic toxicity. In the present study, we used platelet membrane-coated nanoparticles (PNP) as a targeted drug delivery platform to treat atherosclerosis through mimicking platelets' inherent targeting to plaques. PNP displayed 4.98-fold greater radiant efficiency than control nanoparticles in atherosclerotic arterial trees, indicating its effective homing to atherosclerotic plaques in vivo. In an atherosclerosis model established in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice, PNP encapsulating rapamycin significantly attenuated the progression of atherosclerosis and stabilized atherosclerotic plaques. These results demonstrated the perfect efficacy and pro-resolving potential of PNP as a targeted drug delivery platform for atherosclerosis treatment.
Platelet membranes were coated onto the surface of PLGA cores to mimic platelet inherent affinity to atherosclerotic plaques. TEM showed most PNP were well coated with platelet membranes. PNP could effectively target atherosclerotic plaques, delayed the progression of atherosclerosis and stabilized atherosclerotic plaques when encapsulating RAP, representing a promising platform for the treatment of atherosclerosis. Display omitted
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Ultra-stable CoSx/CdS photocatalysts were fabricated by the ZIF-67-templated one-pot solvothermal route for photocatalytic Cr(VI) reduction under visible light.
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•CoSx/CdS composites ...were controllably fabricated by ZIF-67-templated solvothermal route.•Different photocatalytic activities were obtained depending on the CoSx-to-CdS molar ratios.•Highest visible-light photocatalysis for Cr(VI) reduction was expected with 100% efficiency.•Long-term stability could be maintained for the photocatalytic cycles.•A photocatalytic mechanism of direct Z-scheme heterojunction was proposed.
Visible-light-driven and ultra-stable CoSx/CdS photocatalysts were controllably fabricated by the ZIF-67-templated one-pot solvothermal route for highly efficient photocatalytic Cr(VI) reduction. It was discovered that the resulting CoSx/CdS composites could present different photocatalytic activities controllably depending on the CoSx-to-CdS molar ratios used. The one with 1/16 M ratio could display the highest photocatalytic reduction performance for Cr(VI) with the efficiency up to 100% within 30 min, which is 5.6-fold and 2.1-fold higher than that of pristine CoSx and CdS, respectively. Herein, the components of CoSx and CdS with well-matched energy-band structures might serve separately as the electrons donor and the holes quencher to prolong the lifetime of photogenerated electrons in CoSx/CdS composites. A direct Z-scheme heterojunction could be thus constructed for promoting the charge carrier transferring with the improved redox abilities, leading to the robust photocatalysis of CoSx/CdS photocatalyst. Moreover, the developed CoSx/CdS photocatalyst could present superior stability with the structure and activity well survived after five photocatalytic cycles. This work may pave the way towards the controllable construction of a direct Z-scheme photocatalytic system by synergistically combining two kinds of components with matched energy-band structures, achieving the enhanced photocatalysis for the wide applications in the environmental remediation field.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
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•Bagasse hemicellulose was extracted efficiently by p-toluenesulfonic acid treatment.•The separation yield of hemicellulose was 73.23%.•The extraction yield of hemicellulose was ...36.02%.•The purity of extraction hemicellulose was 95.60%.
Hemicelluloses were effectively separated using p-toluenesulfonic acid (p-TsOH) treatment at high temperature. High temperature and pressure promoted hydrolysis of hemicellulose, which limited its value upon recovery. In this study, bagasse hemicellulose was separated and extracted by p-TsOH treatment at atmospheric pressure. The effects of temperature, p-TsOH concentration, and time on hemicellulose separation and extraction were investigated. The optimal conditions were 80 °C, 3.0% p-TsOH, and 120 min. The separation and extraction yield of hemicellulose was 73.23% and 36.02%, respectively. Extraction hemicellulose with 95.60% purity was obtained. In addition, the dissolution mechanism of hemicellulose was analyzed. Degradation of β-glycosidic bonds was inhibited. Benzyl ether bond between carbohydrates and lignin was selectively cleaved. The skeleton structure of xylan in hemicellulose was protected while the functional groups of branch chain were severely damaged. It provides a valuable theoretical basis for the efficient separation and extraction of hemicellulose.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
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