Upregulation of lncRNA HOXA transcript at the distal tip (HOTTIP) plays important roles in cancer progression. Nevertheless, its functions in the growth and metastasis of ovarian carcinoma are ...unknown. In this study, we demonstrated overexpression of HOTTIP in ovarian cancer cell lines and clinical tissues. Further, we showed that higher level of HOTTIP was associated with poor survival of ovarian cancer patients. Notably, HOTTIP silencing restrained proliferation, migration, and invasiveness of ovarian carcinoma cells. On the other hand, upregulation of HOTTIP remarkably exacerbated the aggressive traits of ovarian carcinoma cells. In addition, HOTTIP served as a sponge of miR‐615‐3p to upregulate SMARCE1 level. Further, upregulation of miR‐615‐3p or downregulation of SMARCE1 reversed the carcinogenic impacts of HOTTIP in ovarian cancer. HOTTIP and miR‐615‐3p expression levels in ovarian cancer cells were negatively correlated, whereas HOTTIP and SMARCE1 expression levels were positively correlated. In nude mice, downregulation of HOTTIP reduced cell growth in vivo. In summary, lncRNA HOTTIP promotes the growth and metastatic phenotypes of ovarian cancer via regulating miR‐615‐3p/SMARCE1 pathway.
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FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
With the popularisation of education, the number of college students is increasing day by day, and there are also more students with psychological health problems. Whether students’ psychological ...abnormalities can be detected in time is one of the main problems faced by colleges and universities at present. Adopting digital technology to mine, collect and analyse the data generated by psychological health education in colleges can effectively solve the dynamic development of students’ psychological health problems. Therefore, in this paper, the psychological health problems of college students are identified and classified by establishing an improved logistic regression model. The behaviour characteristics are quantified and the differences are combined according to students’ relationships with their classmates, life rules and economic conditions. The test results show that the regression effect of the model is excellent, which can identify college students’ psychological health problems and improve the intervention and treatment of educators on students’ psychological problems.
The mechanism of carbazole (Cz)‐based phosphors is still unclear since its isomer (1H‐benzofindole, Bd) is discovered in 2020. Herein, the successful synthesis of four Cz/Bd derivatives is reported, ...named as 2CzBr, CzBdBr, 2BdBr, and 3Bd, and the general mechanism for their ultralong organic phosphorescence (UOP) is provided. Bd and its derivatives give double groups of phosphorescence, including the short‐wavelength phosphorescence with a short lifetime and the ultralong phosphorescence at long wavelengths, assigned to their neutral molecules and radical cations, respectively. Interestingly, the doped poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) films of CzBdBr and 2BdBr show photo‐activated ultralong phosphorescence at room temperature. The activation of Bd derivatives ‘UOP involves three factors: 1) well dispersion in the matrix with limited amount, 2) generation of their radical cations and 3) the matrix‐mediated stabilization of radical cations. The function of Cz derivatives to activate the Bd derivatives’ UOP could be replaced by photo‐activation or using other matrixes. Significantly, the application of the doped PMMA films is practiced and gives an exciting result that the high‐resolution QR code could be reversibly printed and erased on the film. This research has expanded the understanding in the field of organic phosphorescence and it may pave a new way for its development.
Four carbazole/1H‐benzofindole (Cz/Bd) derivatives are synthesized to give a general mechanism of Bd‐based ultralong organic phosphorescence. When Bd derivatives were dispersed into the matrixes, their strong ultralong phosphorescence was activated and it originated from the radical cations. The photo‐activated ultralong phosphorescence may open a simple way for high‐resolution photolithography, which is promising in the technology of encryption.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
The osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is governed by multiple mechanisms. Growing evidence indicates that ubiquitin‐dependent protein degradation is critical for the ...differentiation of MSCs and bone formation; however, the function of ubiquitin‐specific proteases, the largest subfamily of deubiquitylases, remains unclear. Here, we identify USP34 as a previously unknown regulator of osteogenesis. The expression of USP34 in human MSCs increases after osteogenic induction while depletion of USP34 inhibits osteogenic differentiation. Conditional knockout of Usp34 from MSCs or pre‐osteoblasts leads to low bone mass in mice. Deletion of Usp34 also blunts BMP2‐induced responses and impairs bone regeneration. Mechanically, we demonstrate that USP34 stabilizes both Smad1 and RUNX2 and that depletion of Smurf1 restores the osteogenic potential of Usp34‐deficient MSCs in vitro. Taken together, our data indicate that USP34 is required for osteogenic differentiation and bone formation.
Synopsis
Combining in vitro and in vivo approaches, this study identifies ubiquitin‐specific protease USP34 as a new regulator of osteogenesis. USP34 activates BMP2 signaling by deubiquitinating and stabilizing Smad1 and RUNX2, thereby promoting osteogenic differentiation.
Depletion of USP34 impairs osteogenic differentiation in vivo and in vitro.
Usp34‐depleted mice have low bone mass.
USP34 is required to activate BMP2 signaling during bone formation.
USP34 stabilizes Smad1 and RUNX2 by deubiquitination.
USP34 counteracts ubiquitin ligase Smurf1, which targets Smad1 and RUNX2.
Combining in vitro and in vivo approaches, this study identifies USP34 as a new regulator of osteogenesis via targeted stabilization of Smad1 and RUNX2, illustrating a role for protein deubiquitination in bone formation.
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FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Acyl‑CoA synthetase long‑chain family member 4 (ACSL4) is a member of the long chain family of acyl‑CoA synthetase proteins, which have recently been shown to serve an important role in ferroptosis. ...Previous studies have suggested that ferroptosis is involved in the occurrence of glioma; however, the role of ACSL4 in glioma remains unknown. In the present study, a reduction of ferroptosis in human glioma tissues and glioma cells was observed. Subsequently, it was demonstrated that the expression of ACSL4 was also downregulated in human glioma tissues and cells. A ferroptosis inhibitor and inducer were used to investigate the effects of ferroptosis on viability. The results showed that promoting ferroptosis inhibited the proliferation of glioma cells, and that the use of inducers had the reverse effect. Therefore, it was hypothesized that the reduction in ACSL4 expression may have been involved in ferroptosis and proliferation in glioma. Overexpression of ACSL4 decreased expression of glutathione peroxidase 4 and increased the levels of ferroptotic markers, including 5‑hydroxyeicosatetraenoic (HETE), 12‑HETE and 15‑HETE. Additionally, ACSL4 overexpression resulted in an increase in lactate dehydrogenase release and a reduction in cell viability. The opposite results were observed when ACSL4 was silenced. These findings suggest that ACSL4 regulates ferroptosis and proliferation of glioma cells. To further investigate the mechanism underlying ACSL4‑mediated regulation of proliferation in glioma cells, cells were treated with small interfering (si)‑ACSL4 and sorafenib, a ferroptosis inducer. sorafenib attenuated the ability of siRNA‑mediated silencing of ACSL4, thus improving cell viability. These results demonstrate that ACSL4 protects glioma cells and exerts anti‑proliferative effects by activating a ferroptosis pathway and highlight the pivotal role of ferroptosis regulation by ACSL4 in its protective effects on glioma. Therefore, ACSL4 may serve as a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of glioma.
Smart Pilot Assignment for Massive MIMO Zhu, Xudong; Wang, Zhaocheng; Dai, Linglong ...
IEEE communications letters,
2015-Sept., 2015-9-00, 20150901, Volume:
19, Issue:
9
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
A massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system, which utilizes a large number of antennas at the base station (BS) to serve multiple users, suffers from pilot contamination due to inter-cell ...interference. A smart pilot assignment (SPA) scheme is proposed in this letter to improve the performance of users with severe pilot contamination. Specifically, by exploiting the large-scale characteristics of fading channels, the BS first measures the inter-cell interference of each pilot sequence caused by the users with the same pilot sequence in other adjacent cells. Then, in contrast to the conventional schemes which assign the pilot sequences to the users randomly, the proposed SPA method assigns the pilot sequence with the smallest inter-cell interference to the user having the worst channel quality in a sequential way to improve its performance. Simulation results verify the performance gain of the proposed scheme in typical massive MIMO systems.
Oncogene activation and tumor-suppressor gene inactivation are considered as the main causes driving the transformation of normal somatic cells into malignant tumor cells. Cancer cells are the ...driving force of tumor development and progression. Yet, cancer cells are unable to accomplish this alone. The tumor microenvironment is also considered to play an active role rather than simply acting as a by-stander in tumor progression. Through different pathways, tumor cells efficiently recruit stromal cells, which in turn, provide tumor cell growth signals, intermediate metabolites, and provide a suitable environment for tumor progression as well as metastasis. Through reciprocal communication, cancer cells and the microenvironment act in collusion leading to high proliferation and metastatic capability. Understanding the role of the tumor microenvironment in tumor progression provides us with novel approaches through which to target the tumor microenvironment for efficient anticancer treatment. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms involved in the recruitment of stromal cells by tumor cells to the primary tumor site and highlight the role of the tumor microenvironment in the regulation of tumor progression. We further discuss the potential approaches for cancer therapy.
Preserving the environment and promoting sustainable development are essential objectives for a state aimed at improving the standard of living for present and future generations. The depletion of ...natural resources and environmental degradation are serious concerns for policymakers worldwide. However, to fulfill its role effectively, a state must have strong institutional capacity. Studies have shown that inadequate governance and weak institutional quality are associated with environmental degradation, lower economic growth, unfavorable development outcomes, and increased inequality. Economic and political reforms are necessary to overcome these issues, while the concept of institutional reforms to save the environment is novel and hardly discussed in the earlier literature, especially in the context of BRI countries. So, this study explores the impact of economic and political reforms on the environment by applying a difference-in-differences approach to the data of 45 BRI economies from 2000 to 2022. The empirical findings reveal a negative relationship between economic and political reforms on ecological footprints, emphasizing the need for institutional reform to preserve the environment in the BRI region. Institutional reforms have a significant contribution to environmental sustainability by fostering better governance, political stability, and an environment conducive to reforms-driven decision-making. These reforms can help address the environmental challenges associated with large-scale infrastructure and economic development projects like the BRI, ultimately contributing to a more sustainable future.
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
The occurrence of microplastics (MPs) as emerging contaminants in the environment may cause changes in water or sediment characteristics, and further affect their biogeochemical cycles. Thus, ...insights into the interactions between dissolved organic matter (DOM) and MPs are essential for the assessment of environmental impacts of MPs in ecosystems. Integrating spectroscopic methods with chemometric analyses, this work explored the chemical and microstructural changes of DOM-MP complex to reveal the mechanism of DOM-MP interaction at a molecular level. MPs were found to interact with the aromatic structure of DOM via π-π conjugation, then be entrapped in the DOM polymers by the carboxyl groups and C=O bonds, constituting a highly conjugated co-polymer with increased electron density. This induced the fluorescence intensity increase in DOM. The interaction affinity of DOM-MP was highly dependent on the MP size and solution pH. This work offers a new insight into the impact of MP discharge on environment and may provide an analytical framework for evaluating MP hetero-aggregation and the roles of MPs in the transportation of other contaminants. Furthermore, the integrated methods used in this work exhibit potential applications in exploring the fragmentation processes of MPs and formation of secondary MPs under natural conditions.
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•DOM is adhered onto MPs via π-π conjugation, carboxyl groups and C=O bonds.•MP-DOM constitutes a conjugated co-polymer with an elevated electron density.•Interaction between DOM and MP depends on MP size and solution pH.•The approach has a great potential in elucidating plastics fragmentation and secondary MPs formation.
The interaction mechanism between humic acid and polystyrene microplastics is explored and new insights into the impact of MP discharge on environment are provided.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPUK, ZRSKP
Recent years have witnessed rapid progress in the field of epitranscriptomics. Functional interpretation of the epitranscriptome relies on sequencing technologies that determine the location and ...stoichiometry of various RNA modifications. However, contradictory results have been reported among studies, bringing the biological impacts of certain RNA modifications into doubt. Here, we develop a synthetic RNA library resembling the endogenous transcriptome but without any RNA modification. By incorporating this modification-free RNA library into established mapping techniques as a negative control, we reveal abundant false positives resulting from sequence bias or RNA structure. After calibration, precise and quantitative mapping expands the understanding of two representative modification types, N
-methyladenosine (m
A) and 5-methylcytosine (m
C). We propose that this approach provides a systematic solution for the calibration of various RNA-modification mappings and holds great promise in epitranscriptomic studies.
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