Adsorption of cationic methylene blue and anionic orange II onto unmodified and surfactant-modified zeolites was studied using a batch equilibration method. The effects of equilibrium time, solution ...pH, and sorption temperature were examined. The results suggested that 2% sodium dodecyl benzenesulfonate (SDBS)- and 3% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-modified zeolites had higher adsorption capacities for methylene blue than the unmodified zeolite, while 2% cetylpyridinium bromide hexadecyl (CPB)- and 2% hexadecylammonium bromide (HDTMA)-modified zeolites were the best adsorbents for orange II. The adsorption conditions were optimized, and the mechanisms of adsorption are briefly discussed.
Full text
Available for:
GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
Objective
Poor oral health is common in dementia, but findings of epidemiological studies have been inconsistent. This meta‐analysis examined oral health in patients with dementia diagnosed according ...to standardized diagnostic criteria.
Methods
Six international databases (PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Medline, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science) were searched from their commencement date until 8 November 2018. Oral health was measured by the Remaining Teeth (RT) and Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth (DMFT) Index. The mean differences (MD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of DMFT Index total and component scores were calculated using a random‐effect model.
Results
Twenty‐four studies were included for analyses. The pooled DMFT Index was 23.48 (95% CI: 22.34, 24.62), while the pooled score for each component was 2.38 (95% CI: 1.56, 3.20) in decayed teeth (DT), 18.39 (95% CI: 15.92, 20.87) in missing teeth (MT), 2.29 (95% CI: 0.62, 3.95) in filled teeth (FT), and 11.59 (95% CI: 9.14, 14.05) in RT. Compared to controls, people with dementia had significantly a higher DMFT Index total score (MD = 3.80, 95% CI: 2.21, 5.39, p < 0.00,001), and significantly lower number of RT (MD = −3.15, 95% CI: −4.23, −2.06, p < 0.00,001). Subgroup analyses revealed that higher DMFT Index score was significantly associated with year of survey (>2010), study design (case‐control study), percentage of females (≤54.3), and the Mini Mental State Examination score (≤18.2). Higher MT score was significantly associated with study design (cross‐sectional study), and lower FT score was significantly associated with year of survey (>2010).
Conclusions
Oral health was significantly poorer in people with dementia compared with controls. Regular screening and effective treatment should be implemented for this population.
Full text
Available for:
FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Summary
Aims
To investigate the effect and mechanisms of carbamazepine (CBZ) on the onset and progression of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in SOD1‐G93A mouse model.
Methods
Starting from ...64 days of age, SOD1‐G93A mice were orally administered with CBZ at 200 mg/kg once daily until death. The disease onset and life span of SOD1‐G93A mice were recorded. Motor neurons (MNs) in anterior horn of spinal cord were quantified by Nissl staining and SMI‐32 immunostaining. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide hydrogen (NADH), modified Gomori trichrome (MGT), and α‐bungarotoxin‐ATTO‐488 staining were also performed to evaluate muscle and neuromuscular junction (NMJ) damage. Expressions of aggregated SOD1 protein and autophagy‐related proteins were further detected by Western blot and immunofluorescent staining.
Results
Carbamazepine treatment could delay the disease onset and extend life span of SOD1‐G93A mice by about 14.5% and 13.9%, respectively. Furthermore, CBZ treatment reduced MNs loss by about 46.6% and ameliorated the altered muscle morphology and NMJ. Much more interestingly, mechanism study revealed that CBZ treatment activated autophagy via AMPK‐ULK1 pathway and promoted the clearance of mutant SOD1 aggregation.
Conclusion
Our findings uncovered the therapeutic effects of CBZ against disease pathogenesis in SOD1‐G93A mice, indicating a promising clinical utilization of CBZ in ALS therapy.
Full text
Available for:
BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most common carcinomas of the oral cavity. However, the regulatory mechanisms on miR‐32‐5p remain poorly understood in OSCC. The expression of ...miR‐32‐5p, Krüppel‐like factor 2 (KLF2), C‐X‐C motif chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4), and epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition (EMT)‐related proteins (E‐cadherin, Vimentin, N‐cadherin, and Snail) were evaluated were assessed using RT‐qPCR and Western blot. 3‐(4, 5‐Dimethylthiazolyl2)‐2, 5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, wound healing assay, and transwell assay were employed to detect cell proliferation, migration, and invasion of OSCC cells. Finally, dual‐luciferase reporter assay was performed to verify the binding relationship between KLF2 and miR‐32‐5p. MiR‐32‐5p was highly expressed while KLF2 was lowly expressed in OSCC cells, and miR‐32‐5p knockdown or KLF2 overexpression could markedly reduce cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and EMT of OSCC cells. What is more, KLF2 was the target of miR‐32‐5p, and knockdown of KLF2 abolished the inhibitory effect of miR‐32‐5p inhibitor on progression of OSCC. Finally, CXCR4 expression was negatively regulated by KLF2, and inhibition of CXCR4 obviously alleviated the biological effects of si‐KLF2 on the progression of OSCC. MiR‐32‐5p could enhance cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and EMT of OSCC cells, and the discovery of miR‐32‐5p/KLF2/CXCR4 axis might provide potential therapeutic targets for OSCC.
Full text
Available for:
FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
• Histone 3 Lysine 4 (H3K4) demethylation is ubiquitous in organisms, however the roles of H3K4 demethylase JARID1(Jar1)/KDM5 in fungal development and pathogenesis remain largely unexplored. Here, ...we demonstrate that Jar1/KDM5 in Botrytis cinerea, the grey mould fungus, plays a crucial role in these processes.
• The BcJAR1 gene was deleted and its roles in fungal development and pathogenesis were investigated using approaches including genetics, molecular/cell biology, pathogenicity and transcriptomic profiling.
• BcJar1 regulates H3K4me3 and both H3K4me2 and H3K4me3 methylation levels during vegetative and pathogenic development, respectively. Loss of BCJAR1 impairs conidiation, appressorium formation and stress adaptation; abolishes infection cushion (IC) formation and virulence, but promotes sclerotium production in the ΔBcjar1 mutants. BcJar1 controls reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and proper assembly of Sep4, a core septin protein and virulence determinant, to initiate infection structure (IFS) formation and host penetration. Exogenous cAMP partially restored the mutant appressorium, but not IC, formation. BcJar1 orchestrates global expression of genes for ROS production, stress response, carbohydrate transmembrane transport, secondary metabolites, etc., which may be required for conidiation, IFS formation, host penetration and virulence of the pathogen.
• Our work systematically elucidates BcJar1 functions and provides novel insights into Jar1/KDM5-mediated H3K4 demethylation in regulating fungal development and pathogenesis.
Full text
Available for:
BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NMLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Massively parallel sequencing (MPS) of cell-free fetal DNA from maternal plasma has revolutionized our ability to perform noninvasive prenatal diagnosis. This approach avoids the risk of fetal loss ...associated with more invasive diagnostic procedures. The present study developed an effective method for noninvasive prenatal diagnosis of common chromosomal aneuploidies using a benchtop semiconductor sequencing platform (SSP), which relies on the MPS platform but offers advantages over existing noninvasive screening techniques. A total of 2,275 pregnant subjects was included in the study; of these, 515 subjects who had full karyotyping results were used in a retrospective analysis, and 1,760 subjects without karyotyping were analyzed in a prospective study. In the retrospective study, all 55 fetal trisomy 21 cases were identified using the SSP with a sensitivity and specificity of 99.94% and 99.46%, respectively. The SSP also detected 16 trisomy 18 cases with 100% sensitivity and 99.24% specificity and 3 trisomy 13 cases with 100% sensitivity and 100% specificity. Furthermore, 15 fetuses with sex chromosome aneuploidies (10 45,X, 2 47,XYY, 2 47,XXX, and 1 47,XXY) were detected. In the prospective study, nine fetuses with trisomy 21, three with trisomy 18, three with trisomy 13, and one with 45,X were detected. To our knowledge, this is the first large-scale clinical study to systematically identify chromosomal aneuploidies based on cell-free fetal DNA using the SSP and provides an effective strategy for large-scale noninvasive screening for chromosomal aneuploidies in a clinical setting.
Full text
Available for:
BFBNIB, NMLJ, NUK, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a prevalent microvascular complication in diabetic patients that poses a serious risk as it can cause substantial visual impairment and even vision loss. Due to the ...prolonged onset of DR, lengthy treatment duration, and limited therapeutic effectiveness, it is extremely important to find a new strategy for the treatment of DR. Postbiotic is an emerging dietary supplement which consists of the inactivate microbiota and its metabolites. Numerous animal experiments have demonstrated that intervention with postbiotics reduces hyperglycemia, attenuates retinal peripapillary and endothelial cell damage, improves retinal microcirculatory dysfunction, and consequently delays the progression of DR. More strikingly, unlike conventional probiotics and prebiotics, postbiotics with small molecules can directly colonize the intestinal epithelial cells, and exert heat-resistant, acid-resistant, and durable for storage. Despite few clinical significance, oral administration with postbiotics might become the effective management for the prevention and treatment of DR. In this review, we summarized the basic conception, classification, molecular mechanisms, and the advances in the therapeutic implications of postbiotics in the pathogenesis of DR. Postbiotics present great potential as a viable adjunctive therapy for DR.
Purpose
To compare the clinical effectiveness of decompression plus fusion and decompression alone for patients with degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis, a systematic review and meta-analysis of ...all available evidence was performed.
Methods
A search of the literature was conducted on PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Collaboration Library. Relevant studies comparing decompression plus fusion and decompression alone were selected according to eligibility criteria. Predefined endpoints were extracted and meta-analyzed from the identified studies.
Results
Four randomized controlled trials and 13 observational studies were eligible. The pooled data revealed that fusion was associated with significantly higher rates of satisfaction and lower leg pain scores when compared with decompression alone. However, fusion significantly increased the intraoperative blood loss, operative time and hospital stay. Both techniques had similar ODI, back pain scores, complication rate, and reoperation rate.
Conclusions
Based on the available evidence, decompression plus fusion maybe be better than decompression alone in the treatment of degenerative spondylolisthesis. Fusion had advantages of improvement of clinical satisfaction, as well as reduction of postoperative leg pain, with similar complication rate to decompression alone.
Full text
Available for:
EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OBVAL, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
Photosensitive lanthanide‐based single‐molecule magnets (Ln−SMM) are very attractive for their potential applications in information storage, switching, and sensors. However, the light‐driven ...structural transformation in Ln−SMMs hardly changes the coordination number of the lanthanide ion. Herein, for the first time it is reported that X‐ray (λ=0.71073 Å) irradiation can break the coordination bond of Dy−OH2 in the three‐dimensional (3D) metal‐organic framework Dy2(amp2H2)3(H2O)6 ⋅ 4H2O (MDAF‐5), in which the {Dy2(OPO)2} dimers are cross‐linked by dianthracene‐phosphonate ligands. The structural transformation proceeds in a single‐crystal‐to‐single‐crystal (SC‐SC) fashion, forming the new phase Dy2(amp2H2)3(H2O)4 ⋅ 4H2O (MDAF‐5‐X). The phase transition is accompanied by a significant change in magnetic properties due to the alteration in coordination geometry of the DyIII ion from a distorted pentagonal bipyramid in MDAF‐5 to a distorted octahedron in MDAF‐5‐X.
The X‐ray (λ=0.71073 Å) irradiation induces the breakage of Dy−OH2 coordination bond in a 3D framework Dy2(amp2H2)3(H2O)6 ⋅ 4H2O (MDAF‐5), forming the new phase Dy2(amp2H2)3(H2O)4 ⋅ 4H2O (MDAF‐5‐X). The phase transition is accompanied with significant change in the magnetic properties due to the change in the coordination geometry of the DyIII ion from a distorted pentagonal bipyramid in MDAF‐5 to a distorted octahedron in MDAF‐5‐X.
Full text
Available for:
BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
PDF
