Primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) is a rare gynecological condition. This disease causes menstrual disturbances, infertility, and various health problems. Historically, hormone replacement therapy ...is the first-line treatment for this disorder. Women diagnosed with POI are left with limited therapeutic options. In order to remedy this situation, a new generation of therapeutic approaches, such as in vitro activation, mitochondrial activation technique, stem cell and exosomes therapy, biomaterials strategies, and platelet-rich plasma intra-ovarian infusion, is being developed. However, these emerging therapies are yet in the experimental stage and require precise design components to accelerate their conversion into clinical treatments. Thus, each medical practitioner bears responsibility for selecting suitable therapies for individual patients. In this article, we provide a timely analysis of the therapeutic strategies that are available for POI patients and discuss the prospects of POI therapy.
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
The use of antagonistic microorganisms and their volatile organic compounds (VOCs) to control plant fungal pathogens is an eco-friendly and promising substitute for chemical fungicides. In this work, ...endophytic bacterium ETR-B22, isolated from the root of
Gagnep., was found to exhibit strong antagonistic activity against 12 fungal pathogens found in agriculture. Strain ETR-B22 was identified as
based on 16S rRNA and
sequences. We evaluated the antifungal activity of VOCs emitted by ETR-B22. The VOCs from strain ETR-B22 also showed broad-spectrum antifungal activity against 12 fungal pathogens. The composition of the volatile profiles was analyzed based on headspace solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Different extraction strategies for the SPME process significantly affected the extraction efficiency of the VOCs. Thirty-two different VOCs were identified. Among the VOC of ETR-B22, dimethyl trisulfide, indole, methyl anthranilate, methyl salicylate, methyl benzoate, benzyl propionate, benzyl acetate, 3,5-di-tert-butylphenol, allyl benzyl ether and nonanoic acid showed broad-spectrum antifungal activity, and are key inhibitory compounds produced by strain ETR-B22 against various fungal pathogens. Our results suggest that the endophytic strain ETR-B22 and its VOCs have high potential for use as biological controls of plant fungal pathogens.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Deposition of H2A.Z in chromatin is known to be mediated by a conserved SWR1 chromatin‐remodeling complex in eukaryotes. However, little is known about whether and how the SWR1 complex cooperates ...with other chromatin regulators. Using immunoprecipitation followed by mass spectrometry, we found all known components of the Arabidopsis thaliana SWR1 complex and additionally identified the following three classes of previously uncharacterized plant‐specific SWR1 components: MBD9, a methyl‐CpG‐binding domain‐containing protein; CHR11 and CHR17 (CHR11/17), ISWI chromatin remodelers responsible for nucleosome sliding; and TRA1a and TRA1b, accessory subunits of the conserved NuA4 histone acetyltransferase complex. MBD9 directly interacts with CHR11/17 and the SWR1 catalytic subunit PIE1, and is responsible for the association of CHR11/17 with the SWR1 complex. MBD9, TRA1a, and TRA1b function as canonical components of the SWR1 complex to mediate H2A.Z deposition. CHR11/17 are not only responsible for nucleosome sliding but also involved in H2A.Z deposition. These results indicate that the association of the SWR1 complex with CHR11/17 may facilitate the coupling of H2A.Z deposition with nucleosome sliding, thereby co‐regulating gene expression, development, and flowering time.
Synopsis
Cooperation of the SWR1 remodeler, responsible for histone H2A.Z deposition, with other chromatin regulators is incompletely understood. Here, proteomic identification of plant SWR1 complex components reveals its coupling to nucleosome sliding activities.
Characterization of the Arabidopsis SWR1 complex identifies CHR11, CHR17, TRA1A, TRA1B, and MBD9 as plant‐specific components.
ISWI remodeler catalytic subunits CHR11 and CHR17 associate with the SWR1 complex to couple nucleosome sliding and H2A.Z deposition.
MBD9 bridges CHR11 and CHR17 to the core SWR1 complex.
Together with other SWR1 components, MBD9 and CHR11/17 co‐regulate gene expression, development, and flowering time.
Proteomic analysis of Arabidopsis thaliana SWR1 complex components implicates nucleosome‐sliding ISWI remodeler subunits CHR11 and CHR17 also in histone deposition.
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FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Female infertility impacts the quality of life and well-being of affected individuals and couples. Female reproductive diseases, such as primary ovarian insufficiency, polycystic ovary syndrome, ...endometriosis, fallopian tube obstruction, and Asherman syndrome, can induce infertility. In recent years, translational medicine has developed rapidly, and clinical researchers are focusing on the treatment of female infertility using novel approaches. Owing to the advantages of convenient samples, abundant sources, and avoidable ethical issues, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can be applied widely in the clinic. This paper reviews recent advances in using four types of MSCs, bone marrow stromal cells, adipose-derived stem cells, menstrual blood mesenchymal stem cells, and umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells. Each of these have been used for the treatment of ovarian and uterine diseases, and provide new approaches for the treatment of female infertility.
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FZAB, GIS, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
► A novel ZnFe2O4@ZnO core–shell photocatalyst was successfully prepared. ► The photocatalyst exhibited higher photocatalytic activity than pure ZnO. ► The composite photocatalyst inhibited the ...photocorrossion of ZnO to some extent. ► The novel photocatalyst could be easily separated by external magnetic field.
Magnetically separable ZnFe2O4@ZnO nanoparticles with enhanced photocatalytic activity were successfully synthesized by two steps. First, ZnFe2O4 nanoparticles (NPs), which served as seeding materials, were synthesized using a solvothermal method. Second, wurtzite ZnO was coated on the ZnFe2O4 particle surfaces on the basis of a chemical precipitation method. The as-prepared samples were characterized with X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM) and Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Photodegradation experiments of the samples were carried out by choosing Methylene Blue (MB) as a model target under UV irradiation with homemade photocatalytic apparatus. The results indicated that the obtained core–shell ZnFe2O4@ZnO NPs exhibited higher photocatalytic activity than pure ZnO. In addition, when the molar ratio of ZnFe2O4 to ZnO was 1:10, the obtained product showed the highest photocatalytic activity. Furthermore, the core–shell ZnFe2O4@ZnO NPs could be conveniently separated by using an external magnetic field and the photocorrosion of ZnO was inhibited to some extent.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are essential factors that regulate tumor development and metastasis via diverse molecular mechanisms in a broad type of cancers. However, the pathological roles of ...lncRNAs in gallbladder carcinoma (GBC) remain largely unknown. Here we discovered a novel lncRNA termed lncRNA Highly expressed in GBC (lncRNA-HGBC) which was upregulated in GBC tissue and aimed to investigate its role and regulatory mechanism in the development and progression of GBC.
The expression level of lncRNA-HGBC in GBC tissue and different cell lines was determined by quantitative real-time PCR. The full length of lncRNA-HGBC was obtained by 5' and 3' rapid amplification of the cDNA ends (RACE). Cellular localization of lncRNA-HGBC was detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) assays and subcellular fractionation assay. In vitro and in vivo assays were preformed to explore the biological effects of lncRNA-HGBC in GBC cells. RNA pull-down assay, mass spectrometry, and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay were used to identify lncRNA-HGBC-interacting proteins. Dual luciferase reporter assays, AGO2-RIP, and MS2-RIP assays were performed to verify the interaction between lncRNA-HGBC and miR-502-3p.
We found that lncRNA-HGBC was upregulated in GBC and its upregulation could predict poor survival. Overexpression or knockdown of lncRNA-HGBC in GBC cell lines resulted in increased or decreased, respectively, cell proliferation and invasion in vitro and in xenografted tumors. LncRNA-HGBC specifically bound to RNA binding protein Hu Antigen R (HuR) that in turn stabilized lncRNA-HGBC. LncRNA-HGBC functioned as a competitive endogenous RNA to bind to miR-502-3p that inhibits target gene SET. Overexpression, knockdown or mutation of lncRNA-HGBC altered the inhibitory effects of miR-502-3p on SET expression and downstream activation of AKT. Clinically, lncRNA-HGBC expression was negatively correlated with miR-502-3p, but positively correlated with SET and HuR in GBC tissue.
Our study demonstrates that lncRNA-HGBC promotes GBC metastasis via activation of the miR-502-3p-SET-AKT cascade, pointing to lncRNA-HGBC as a new prognostic predictor and a therapeutic target.
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
The parasite Fasciola hepatica is an important zoonotic parasite. The development of an animal model of F. hepatica's life cycle is critical for studying the biological characteristics of the ...parasite in snails and mammals. Eggs of F. hepatica of bovine origin were cultured, and metacercariae were obtained after infection of Galba pervia snails. The life cycle system of F. hepatica was initiated in 2 different animals by orally infecting rabbits, SD rats and Kunming mice with the metacercariae. The animals' survival after infection, parasite migration in the animals and pathological damage to the liver were observed. We discovered that rabbits died due to acute suppurative hepatitis 60–69 days after infection, and eggs were found in the feces on day 63 of infection. The liver of SD rats showed punctate lesions on day 3 of infection, and further changes occurred as the infection progressed. However, liver repair was observed at week 9. SD rats survived for more than a year after infection and continued the F. hepatica life cycle. The liver lesions in Kunming mice after infection were similar but more severe than those in SD rats. Death was observed on the 31st post-infection day. We discovered that while rabbits, SD rats and Kunming mice can all be used as animal models of F. hepatica, SD rats are more suitable experimental animals in terms of tolerance and pathological response.
Abstract
Autonomic symptoms (AS) are critical in Parkinson’s disease (PD). We aimed to determine the relative significance of clinical factors allowing predictions about incidence of AS, and examine ...AS profiles among PD patients by motor subtype and its relation to AS. The cross-sectional data of a multicentre sample, including 714 PD patients and 194 healthy controls from Parkinson’s Progression Marker Initiative study and Pingchan granule study were analyzed, stratified by PD subtypes postural instability and gait disturbances (PIGD), tremor dominant (TD), and indeterminate and domain autonomic dysfunction. Compared with healthy controls, PD patients scored higher in the total Scales for Outcomes in Parkinson's Disease-Autonomic dysfunction score and in several domain scores in particular, and there was a significant overlap in domain AS. Risk factors of individual domain autonomic dysfunction were heterogeneous. PIGD and indeterminate were the predominant subtypes in pupillomotor and thermoregulatory symptoms. TD and indeterminate were more likely to suffer from cardiovascular problem. The odd in sexual dysfunction was significant for PIGD. Gastrointestinal and urinary symptoms seemed not to be associated with a specific subtype. Our study demonstrated that AS were highly heterogeneous and 3 subtypes differed in autonomic performance, providing clues to understand mechanisms underlying AS in PD.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
The past two decades have witnessed many efforts to develop radiation-grafted alkaline membranes for alkaline PEM fuel cell applications, as such membranes have certain advantages over other kinds of ...alkaline membranes, including well-controlled composition, functionality, and other promising properties. To facilitate research and development in this area, the present paper reviews radiation-grafted alkaline membranes. We examine their synthesis/fabrication/characterization, membrane material selection, and theoretical approaches for fundamental understanding. We also present detailed examinations of their application in fuel cell in terms of the working principles of the radiation grafting process, the fabrication of MEAs using radiation-grafted membranes, the membranes' corresponding performance in alkaline PEM fuel cells, as well as performance optimization. The paper also summarizes the challenges and mitigation strategies for radiation-grafted alkaline membranes and their application in PEM fuel cells, presenting an overall picture of the technology as it presently stands.
•A comprehensive reviews on radiation-grafted alkaline membranes (RGAMs).•Alkaline polymer electrolyte fuel cells.•RGAM synthesis/fabrication/characterization, membrane material selection, and theoretical approaches.•Alkaline polymer electrolyte fuel cells.•RGAM challenges and possible research directions.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
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